FW

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At the very outset, with folded hands, I bow my head with great reverence, bottom heartily to
Him, who is omnipresent, omnipotent and omniscient and is the cause behind each and
every effect, the Almighty.
I feel unfathomable euphoria to express my deepest sense of gratitude to revered Prof.
Ramesh Jare, TISS, Tuljapur for his blessings and critical inputs throughout the journey; he
imparted on me which certainly accrued to the repertoire of my life.
I also want to express my deepest sense of gratitude to Dr. Sampat Kale sir, our field work
coordinator for his guidance before as well as first day of our fieldwork that becomes a
guideline for our entire fieldwork. His visit during our field work day’s gives us encourage to
fulfill our presentations and other stuffs in front of the organization smoothly.
I also would like to thank Vijendra Sir, for his constant guidance and support and specially
for all our arrangements and updates. Without his support we can’t finish it efficiently.
I am highly obliged to Mr. Sankar Thakre sir, our fieldwork supervisor, TISS, Tuljapur for
conducting this learning experience, sustained encouragement, constructive suggestions,
unstinted guidance and extending his helping hands in all possible means to complete the
fieldwork successfully.
I’m thankful to entire Badlao Foundation team for their continuous support specially, Arvind
Ji, Vinay ji and Sangeeta di from Badlao Gumla cluster office, Gandori Di and Deepeka
Di (Community Mobilizer) for their constant support and inputs throughout our research
work. I would also like to thank Pijush Kranti Ghosh sir for his coordination with us at
Badlao Foundation. From him personally I learnt a lot that I will try to implement in my
professional life.

3. BACKGROUND
 Organization name and location- Badlao
Foundation based in Mihijam, Chittaranjan,
Jharkhad
 Fieldwork period- 19th October to 15th November,
2022
 Districts covered- Gumla and Godda
 Villages covered- 6 (namely, Pilkhi, Makunda,
Bargaon, Kulangkeri, Porha and Birkera)

4. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
 In the duration of 28 days we have studied the forest
dependency and forest based livelihood of the targeted
community where we were placed.
 As a whole we have communicated with 300+ community
peoples in those 10 villages and understand different kind
of perspectives of livelihood and how they are sustaining
their livelihood years after year.
 We understood the working of an NGO while it works for
the advocacy, rights, livelihoods, education, health and
governance. Now the Badlao Foundation is working in
vast sectors and continuously trying for the upliftment of
the Adivasi communities of Jharkhand. We also came to
about the hierarchy of development based organization,
along with that most importantly the philosophy behind an
organization.

5. ABOUT ORGANIZATION
 Badlao foundation is a registered community based organization,
set up in the year14.09.1982 (Registration No 131/1982-83 Year
1982) under the able guidance, dynamic leadership and
committed Social worker Sri Bajrang singh, who was deeply
worried and shocked to see the deplorable plight of tribal life
which inspired him to come forward towards transformation in
their socio-economic condition.
 Vision
 The realization of the aspirations and the entitlements of the
deprived communities (Tribals and Forest Dwellers, women and
children) in Jharkhand and achieve appropriate social and
infrastructure development for better health and well being.
 Mission
 Inclusive Development of the deprived communities through
strengthening the Gram Sabhas and PRIs under PESA, the
traditional community organizations and structures and women
based community groups to enable them to access basic
services and promote sustainable fivelihoods.

6. PROBLEM STATEMENT
 The area where the organization is working that is
predominantly high with tribal population and from times
immemorial they are facing injustice. Though majorly they
are based in forest surrounded area and agriculture is their
major occupation but after that also they don’t get enough
market price for the NTFPs that they collects from forest due
to lack of marketing channel and quality of products.
 In agriculture also they have land to cultivate but the
productivity is not up to the mark due to lack of technology
and water scarcity
 We performed a research based survey to find out the
ground level status of those villages, what’s their livelihood
situation, their forest dependency etc. to find out core
problem

7. FIELD WORK OBJECTIVE
 Knowledge to be acquired
 Understanding and working on specific social/development related issues like
education, health, land forest and water rights, environment, agriculture,
Dalit/tribal/minority/ gender rights, social inclusion – focus on nature of
interventions for implementation and policy making
 Skills to be learnt/ strengthened
 Observation & Recording Skills, Analytical Abilities, Documentation and
Presentation abilities, Ability to relate theory and practice and vice versa (praxis),
Ability to relate and work with people and different institutions, Ability to work in a
group/team, Ability to carry out tasks in a particular time frame and
effectively/Interpersonal communication Skills
 Skill of advocacy
 Expected Outcomes
 Students develop understanding on specific issues, ability to analyse and do
advocacy work on specific issues. Also focus on relating practice and theory
and strengthen praxis. Contribute to existing campaigns and learn how advocacy
work can be undertaken.

8. PROGRAM ELEMENTS
 Task A. Develop a methodology to collect
household dataon Forest Dependency.
 Task B. Develop a methodology to collect
household dataon Income Generation/Livelihood.
 Task C. Documentation of forest conservation
practices by the community voluntarily
 Task D. Analysis of all the collected data and make
a inference withgraphical representation.
 Task E: Collection of data related to livelihood
practices other than forest dependency and its
dynamics through out the year (including agriculture
and allied sector and migration)

9. METHODOLOGY
 Selection of villages
 Purposive sampling – 6 out of 10 villages
 Selection of tolas-3
 Method of sampling- Simple Random sampling after cluster
sampling
 Determination of sample size- 30/village
Other research techniques and methods followed within
this study-
Questionnaire
Case Study
Focused Group Discussion
Analysis of collected data
Sum, Multiplication, Percentage and Mean, Median, Mode for
getting the Central Tendency

10. DEMOGRAPHICS AND OTHER DETAILS OF THE
VILLAGES

11. COMBINED FINDINGS FROM THE STUDIED
VILLAGES
 Status of Agriculture
• As per the analysis of the survey dataset the average land area per family in
all the six villages were almost all an average 1-2 acre.
• All an average from 1 acre of paddy cultivation they produces almost 12-15
quintal of paddy that is quite less in compare with the improved rice
cultivation
• A 5 member family consumes almost 14-15 quintal of paddy
• Throughout the year the selling price of paddy fluctuates in between 1200-
1800 rupees/quintal which is basically a local market price. In case of
Mandis last year MSP for paddy was 1940 rupees/quintal.
Kharif Rabi Zaid
Paddy (Oryza sativa), Makka (Zea
mays), Marwah or finger millet
(Eleusine coracana), urd (Vigna
mungo), Ground nut (Arachis
hypogaea), tomato (Solanum
lycopersicum)
Potato (Solunum tuberosum), Onion
(Allium cepa), Garlic (Allium sativum),
wheat (Triticum aestivum), Green pea
(Pisum sativum)
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)

12. FOREST DEPENDENCY FOR SUSTAINING
LIVELIHOOD
 Tola based distance from forest are basically diffres from
village to village but all an average most of the case its in
between 500 mt to 1.5km
 For normal reasons they visits forest for grazing, firewood
collection and other NTFP collection and in case of special
reason they goes to forest for collecting timber for making
houses or collection of some special forest materials like leaf,
marwa plant for fulfilling different social customs.
 Women mostly brings the firewood and stores in macha
formation for future and mostly moonsoon use. But in some
cases like where there is restriction their condition differs.
 As per our study we find out that a 6 member family needed
almost 5-6 kg of firewood for making two times food. Now this
quantity increases and decreases with the usage of dry leaf.
Suppose if this 6 member’s family uses dry leaf then they need
at least 2-2.5 kg of dry leaf and 4-5 kg of firewood is needed
for cooking two times food.
 Now sources of firewood in some villages differs
depending on restriction and availability.

13. AVAILABILITY OF LIVESTOCK
Major animals- Cow, Buffalo, Sheep, Goat, Poultry birds
(Pig farming has been stopped due to coccidia disease
outbreak and pig death in Bargaon village)
Average no- This basically differs from village to village. But on
an average Cow and buffalo rearing are more in the studied
location. With that goat and poultry rearing are also there but
any of the rearing are not scientific
Benefit from the livestock and pattern of consumption
As per the analysis almost every person who rears livestock
goes to forest on a daily basis for grazing purpose in some
restricted case like pilkhi village they cant go to forest for
grazing.
As per the analysis in case of cow, buffalo and bullock it needs
almost 1 kg/animal/day fodder other than the grazing. It is
mainly provided during night and early morning time. But the
other animals like goat and sheep their most of the percentage
of feed became completed from grazing only
16%
15%
7%
23%
6%
33%
Bullock
Cow
Buffalo
Poultry Bird
Sheep
Goat

14. ACTIVITY AND CASE STUDY
 Participated gram sabha
 Case study of a tokri maker

15. SUGGESTION
 Depending on the forest dependency if they can be provided Pattal making machine in community level
through making SHGs then the production capacity as well as quality of the pattal can be improved and
that can be sold in local as well as outside of local area.
 Training to the community peoples regarding making of handicraft from different forest inputs like bamboo
and other timber materials or from mushrooms.
 One of the most valuable NTFP available in the forest of Jharkhand is the Mahua. But in all the six
villages either it’s not available or if available the collection is very less. So here if any mahua based
enterprise can be setup that can give a boost to collect more mahua and can give a income stability too.
 As agriculture is their main primary occupation and paddy is the primary crop but its production is not up
to the mark. So here some training on scientific paddy cultivation and specially incorporation of
techniques like SRI and improved varieties of paddy seed can make them profitable.
 As overall paddy production is less so if the produced paddy can be modified into different products like
brown rice (that presently has very high market demand), puffed rice, Moya making etc. can give them
better profit.
 Providing the households smokeless chula can reduce the firewood requirement as well as it has health
benefit too.
 Coordinating with the gram sabha and making of forest conservation committee can help them in getting
Pattas (Official right on the forest land).
 As water is the main problem here for agriculture so there is a need of watershed project following the
INRM technique so that the underground water level can be enriched as well as different water harvesting
structures like pond, dovas, Well etc can help them in irrigate their land in off season times that will be
helpful in crop diversification and with that fisheries can also be incorporated within those structures that
can give the communities double benefit.
 Identification of community members who have barren kind of land by combining and rejuvenating those
lands social forestry can be done where fruits and other economically viable plants can be incorporated
with the timber giving plants so that community people can start getting its benefit within 4-5 years of its
implementation.

16. PORTRAYING OF PPME LEARNING AT FIELD LEVEL

20. Criteria for comparison Karjat Jamkhed Integrated
Development Foundation
Badlao Foundation
Livelihood The main pattern of livelihood
was observed to be pastoral
farming and marketable
agriculture
The main pattern of livelihood
was observed to be
subsistence agriculture and
NTFP based livelihood
People General, OBC, Pardhi Tribes,
SCs
Majorly ST and SC
communities. Very few
general
Education Education sector had various
equipment in the school that
enhanced the education
process.
Education sector was poor,
with minimal infrastructure in
terms of school building,
equipment and larger
distance between locality and
school.
Agriculture Pattern Agriculture was observed to
change from subsistence to
marketable through the
construction of Khukdhi Dam
Agriculture was rain fed with
minimal irrigation facilities
Allied Sector Practice of allied sector was
minimal, but certain case
studies of success in goat
farming and dairy farming
were recorded
The rearing of cow, buffalo
and hen was there, but the
scientific technique of rearing
as well as marketing
channels were not well
developed