3. RAMPS
• Reduced body reserve
• Atypical presentation
• Multiple pathology
• Polypharmacy
• Social adversity
Geriatrics for the Health department: Introduction
9. Age-related change in
lingual pressure
More pooling/pocketing
in the pharyngeal recesses
Increasing the risk of adverse
consequences due to ineffective
deglutition
Dysphagia
12. Comprehensive geriatric assessment
(CGA)
• Physical assessment
• Mental assessment
• Social assessment
• Functional assessment
Geriatrics for the Health department: Introduction
13. Multiple pathology
Impression: 90-year-old-female; 14-year-education;
professor; married
1. Abrasion wound both knees due to fall
2. Hypertension with drug-induced postural hypotension
3. Paroxysmal atrial fi゙brillation (on anticoagulant therapy)
4. Diabetes mellitus with diabetic nephropathy
5. Osteoarthritis of both knee joints with instability
6. Established osteoporosis with spinal stenosis
7. Moderate dementia, probable Alzheimer’s disease with CVD
8. Major depressive disorder in remission
9. Malnutrition with oropharyngeal dysphagia
10. Urge urinary incontinence
RAMPS
Geriatrics for the Health department: Introduction
15. Right
patient
10 points about using medicines in older people1
Use non-pharmacological treatments first – medicines should not replace
effective psychosocial care
Use a low dose and increase slowly – start with half the usual adult dose,
adjust based on tolerability and response
Use the lowest number of medicines – with the simplest dose regimens
Use a limited range of medicines – understand their effects in older people
Provide simple verbal and written instructions – for every medicine
and repeat prescription
Anticipate adherence issues – use alternatives to tablets or capsules
where needed and avoid child-proof containers
Consider current medicines as the cause of new symptoms before
looking elsewhere – do not assume symptoms relate to old age
Regularly review treatment – stop medicines no longer indicated,
adjust dose with declining kidney function
People are central to quality use of medicines – seek input and treat
the person, not the disease
Make medicines count – consider the appropriateness of prescribing
and medicines burden, when in doubt DON’T
Medicines
for prescri
older peop
recommen
be avoided
Amitriptyline
Amiodarone
Antihistamines
Benzodiazepine
Dextropro-
poxyphene
Doxepin
* Based on the Beers and M
to be relevant for medici
Right
drug
Right
dose
Right
technique
Right
route
Right
time
Geriatrics for the Health department: Introduction
24. Secondary prevention for frailty
“ใน1ปีที่ผ่านมา เคยหกล้มไหมคะ” “รับประทานได้ไหมคะ”
RAMPS
Frailty assessment
Promising intervention
Geriatrics for the Health department: Introduction
ชั่งน้ำหนักทุกครั้งที่ประเมินผู้สูงอายุ
Optimized management of medical conditions
25. •Medication: digoxin, theophyllineM
•EmotionE
•AlcoholismA
•Late-life paranoid: social adversity, lonelinessL
•Swallowing disordersS
•Oral problemO
•No moneyN
•Wandering: due to dementiaW
•Hyperactivity/hypermetabolism: movement disorder, thyroidH
•Eating problemsE
•Enteral problem: chronic diarrhea, malabsorptionE
•Low nutrient dietL
•Shopping problemS
MEALS-ON-WHEELS
Geriatrics for the Health department: Introduction