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1. Kapila Basturu Kushinara Odia Book By Sanjukta Mohanty
Kapilavastu was an ancient city in the north of the Indian subcontinent which was the capital
of the clan gaṇasaṅgha or republic of the Shakyas in the late Iron Age, around the 6th and 5th
centuries BC. King Śuddhodana and Queen Maya are believed to have lived at Kapilavastu, as
did their son Prince Siddartha Gautama until he left the palace at the age of 29.
Kapilavastu never became a major pilgrimage site like Buddha s birthplace at Lumbini not far
away, which would have left unmistakeable remains. The settlement was probably never as
large as depictions in early Buddhist art suggest, and after the decline of Buddhism in India its
location faded into obscurity. There are now two sites near the border between Nepal and
India which are claimed as Kapilavastu one in each country. Tilaurakot in Nepal is more widely
accepted by historians than Piprahwa in Uttar Pradesh though finds at the latter indicate
Buddhist activity dating to the 5th-4th century BCE around the time of the death of the
Buddha.
Kushinagar is a town in the Kushinagar district in Uttar Pradesh, India. Located 53 kilometres
east of Gorakhpur on National Highway 27, Kushinagar is an important and popular Buddhist
pilgrimage site, where Buddhists believe Gautama Buddha attained parinirvana. According to
Buddhist tradition Kushavati was named prior to the king Kush. The naming of Kushwati is
believed to be due to abundance of Kush grass found in this region.
The present Kushinagar is identified with Kusavati and Kushinara (in the post-Buddha period).
It was the capital of one of the two Malla republics. The two Malla republics comprised one
of the sixteen mahajanpads (oligarchic republics) of India in the 6th century BCE. Since then,
it remained an integral part of the erstwhile empires of Maurya, Shunga, Kushana, Gupta,
Harsha, and Pala dynasties.