Splunk conf2014 - Onboarding Data Into Splunk

Copyright
©
2014
Splunk
Inc.

Andrew
Duca

Sr.
Professional
Services
Consultant,
Splunk

Data
On-‐Boarding

Disclaimer

2

During
the
course
of
this
presentaGon,
we
may
make
forward-‐looking
statements
regarding
future
events
or
the

expected
performance
of
the
company.
We
cauGon
you
that
such
statements
reflect
our
current
expectaGons
and

esGmates
based
on
factors
currently
known
to
us
and
that
actual
events
or
results
could
differ
materially.
For

important
factors
that
may
cause
actual
results
to
differ
from
those
contained
in
our
forward-‐looking
statements,

please
review
our
filings
with
the
SEC.
The
forward-‐looking
statements
made
in
the
this
presentaGon
are
being
made

as
of
the
Gme
and
date
of
its
live
presentaGon.
If
reviewed
aQer
its
live
presentaGon,
this
presentaGon
may
not
contain

current
or
accurate
informaGon.
We
do
not
assume
any
obligaGon
to
update
any
forward-‐looking
statements
we
may

make.
In
addiGon,
any
informaGon
about
our
roadmap
outlines
our
general
product
direcGon
and
is
subject
to
change

at
any
Gme
without
noGce.
It
is
for
informaGonal
purposes
only,
and
shall
not
be
incorporated
into
any
contract
or

other
commitment.
Splunk
undertakes
no
obligaGon
either
to
develop
the
features
or
funcGonality
described
or
to

include
any
such
feature
or
funcGonality
in
a
future
release.

About
Me

!   Senior
Professional
Services
Consultant
based
in
Boston,
MA

!   14+
Years
of
world-‐wide
Professional
Services
ConsulGng

with
the
last
two
at
Splunk

!   Involved
in
20+
deployments
from
1GB
to
5TB

3

Agenda

!   Data

!   Splunk
Components

!   Index
Data

!   Proper
Parsing

!   Challenging
Data

!   Advanced
Inputs

4

Are
You
in
The
Right
Room?

5

!   You
have
used
Splunk
at
least
once,
or
at
least
read
about
it

!   You
are
interested
in
Splunk
best
pracGces

!   You
like
to
use
Splunk’s
default
parsing
rules

!   You
just
took
over
a
Splunk
deployment
and
you’re
not

sure
what
to
do

!   This
is
not
an
educaGon
class;
it’s
best
pracGce

Data

6

!   Machine
data
is
more
than
just
logs
-‐
it's
conﬁguraGon
data,
data

from
APIs
and
message
queues,
change
events,
the
output
of

diagnosGc
commands
and
more

!   Log
types:
ApplicaGon,
Web
Access
and
Proxy,
Call
Detail
Records

(CDR),
Clickstream,
Message
Queues,
Packet,
Database
audit
and

tables,
File
audit,
Syslog,
WMI,
PerfMon

!   Manual:
Gecng
Data
In
hdp://docs.splunk.com/DocumentaGon/Splunk/latest/Data/
WhatSplunkcanmonitor

Splunk
is
the
engine
for
machine
data

Splunk
Apps

7

!   Look
to
Splunk
Apps
ﬁrst
and
uGlize
Technical
Add-‐On
(TA)

!   Applies
the
Common
InformaGon
Model
(CIM)

!   CIM
details
the
standard
ﬁelds,
event
type
tags,
and
host

tags
that
Splunk
uses
when
it
processes
most
IT
data

!   Example
TAs:

Windows

Unix

Exchange

AcGve
Directory

VMware
Vcenter

WebSphere

Splunk
Distributed
Components

8

Search
Head

Deployment
Server

Indexer

Forwarder

Test
Environment

9

!   Every
Splunk
deployment
should

have
a
test
environment

!   It
can
be
a
laptop,
virtual

machine
or
spare
server

!   Should
have
the
same
version
of

Splunk
running
in
producGon

!   Accessible
to
other
Splunk

developers
and
administrators

One
Shot

10

!   Easiest
way
to
get
data
into
your
test
environment

!   Components
of
the
oneshot:

./splunk
add
oneshot
user_conf.txt
–index
indexname
–sourcetype
sourcetype
name

!   Where
to
ﬁnd
more
informaGon:
hdp://docs.splunk.com/DocumentaGon/Splunk/latest/Data/
MonitorﬁlesanddirectoriesusingtheCLI

Data
-‐
Broken

11

Props

12

!   Always
set
these
six
parameters

#
USER
CONFERENCE

[user_conf_2014]

TIME_PREFIX
=
^

TIME_FORMAT
=
%Y-‐%m-‐%d
%H:%M:%S

MAX_TIMESTAMP_LOOKAHEAD
=
19

SHOULD_LINEMERGE
=
False

LINE_BREAKER
=
([nr]+)d{4}-‐d{2}-‐d{2}sd{2}:d{2}:d{2}

TRUNCATE
=
10000

Props

13

!   Defaults
to
empty

#
USER
CONFERENCE

[user_conf_2014]

TIME_PREFIX
=
^

TIME_FORMAT
=
%Y-‐%m-‐%d
%H:%M:%S

=
19

SHOULD_LINEMERGE
=
False

LINE_BREAKER
=
([nr]+)d{4}-‐d{2}-‐d{2}sd{2}:d{2}:d{2}

TRUNCATE
=
10000

Props

14

!   strpGme
Style
format

#
USER
CONFERENCE

[user_conf_2014]

TIME_PREFIX
=
^

TIME_FORMAT
=
%Y-‐%m-‐%d
%H:%M:%S

=
19

SHOULD_LINEMERGE
=
False

LINE_BREAKER
=
([nr]+)d{4}-‐d{2}-‐d{2}sd{2}:d{2}:d{2}

TRUNCATE
=
10000

Props

15

!   By
default
=
150
characters

#
USER
CONFERENCE

[user_conf_2014]

TIME_PREFIX
=
^

TIME_FORMAT
=
%Y-‐%m-‐%d
%H:%M:%S

=
19

SHOULD_LINEMERGE
=
False

LINE_BREAKER
=
([nr]+)d{4}-‐d{2}-‐d{2}sd{2}:d{2}:d{2}

TRUNCATE
=
10000

Props

16

!   By
default
set
to
True

#
USER
CONFERENCE

[user_conf_2014]

TIME_PREFIX
=
^

TIME_FORMAT
=
%Y-‐%m-‐%d
%H:%M:%S

=
19

SHOULD_LINEMERGE
=
False

LINE_BREAKER
=
([nr]+)d{4}-‐d{2}-‐d{2}sd{2}:d{2}:d{2}

TRUNCATE
=
10000

Props

17

!   By
default
set
to
([rn]+);
change
to
posiGve
lookahead

#
USER
CONFERENCE

[user_conf_2014]

TIME_PREFIX
=
^

TIME_FORMAT
=
%Y-‐%m-‐%d
%H:%M:%S

=
19

SHOULD_LINEMERGE
=
False

LINE_BREAKER
=
([nr]+)d{4}-‐d{2}-‐d{2}sd{2}:d{2}:d{2}

TRUNCATE
=
10000

Props

18

!   By
default
set
to
10000
bytes;
set
to
0
to
never
truncate

#
USER
CONFERENCE

[user_conf_2014]

TIME_PREFIX
=
^

TIME_FORMAT
=
%Y-‐%m-‐%d
%H:%M:%S

=
19

SHOULD_LINEMERGE
=
False

LINE_BREAKER
=
([nr]+)d{4}-‐d{2}-‐d{2}sd{2}:d{2}:d{2}

TRUNCATE
=
10000

6.2
Splunk
Web
Data

On-‐Boarding

Why
to
Use
Splunk
Web
to
On-‐board?

21

Quick
and
easy
way
to…

!   Easily
visualize
the
data
into
events
rather
then
lines
of
text

!   Quickly
get
the
data
properly
broken
into
events

!   Accurately
get
the
Gme
stamp
extracted

All
in
a
wicked
cool
GUI

Once
everything
is
good
you
take
your
PROPS
secngs
and
deploy

Splunk
Web
Data
On-‐Boarding

22

!   Locate
the
source
ﬁle
on
the
Splunk
Server’s
ﬁle
system

Splunk
Web
Data
On-‐Boarding

23

!   Validate
event
breaking
and
Gmestamp
recogniGon

Splunk
Web
Data
On-‐Boarding

24

!   Resolve
event
breaking

Splunk
Web
Data
On-‐Boarding

25

!   Set
Gmestamp
format
even
if
Splunk
ﬁgures
it
out
automaGcally

Splunk
Web
Data
On-‐Boarding

26

!   Copy
the
props.conf
secngs
and
deploy
in
a
custom
app

Limit
Indexed
Data

28

!   Anonymize
data:

[source::.../accounts.log]

SEDCMD-‐accounts
=
s/ssn=d{5}(d{4})/ssn=xxxxx1/g
s/cc=(d{4}-‐){3}(d{4})/cc=xxxx-‐xxxx-‐xxxx-‐2/g

!   Rewrite
raw
data:

[source::.../sql.log]

SEDCMD-‐sqllog
=
s/(.*?)Command:EXECUTE[.dDwW]*/1/g

!   Discard
events:

props

[source::/var/log/user_conf.txt]

TRANSFORMS-‐null=
setnull

transforms

[setnull]

REGEX

=
(?i)DEBUG

DEST_KEY
=

queue

FORMAT

=

nullQueue

Limit
Indexed
Data

29

!   Anonymize
data:


SEDCMD-‐accounts
=

!   Rewrite
raw
data:


SEDCMD-‐sqllog
=

!   Discard
events:

props


TRANSFORMS-‐null=
setnull

transforms

[setnull]

REGEX

=
(?i)DEBUG

DEST_KEY
=

queue

FORMAT

=

nullQueue

Limit
Indexed
Data

30

!   Anonymize
data:


SEDCMD-‐accounts
=

!   Rewrite
raw
data:


SEDCMD-‐sqllog
=

!   Discard
events:

props


TRANSFORMS-‐null=
setnull

transforms

[setnull]

REGEX

=
(?i)DEBUG

DEST_KEY
=

queue

FORMAT

=

nullQueue

Limit
Indexed
Data

31

6.X
or
later
Windows
forwarders

!   Whitelist
events
or
blacklist
speciﬁc
events

!   Inputs.conf
ConﬁguraGon

Index
ExtracGons

32

!   Provides
reliable
and
consistent
indexing
of
data
with
headers.

!   Address
issue
on
forwarder:

INDEX_EXTRACTIONS
=
{CSV
|
W3C
|
TSV
|
PSV
|
JSON}

!   Supports
custom
header
parsing
and
easy
mode
for
common
formats.

!   Extract
IIS
ﬁelds
using
Props.conf
on
Windows
forwarder:

[iis]

INDEX_EXTRACTIONS
=
w3c

MulGple
Timestamps

33

datePme.xml

<datetime>

<define
name=”two_tz"
extract="day,
litmonth,
year,
hour,
minute,
second,
zone">

<text><![CDATA[^(d+)-‐(w+)-‐(d+),(d+):(d+):(d+),(?:[^,]*,){2}([w-‐]*)]]></text>

</define>

<timePatterns>

<use
name=”two_tz">

</timePatterns>

<datePatterns>

<use
name=”two_tz">

</datePatterns>

</datetime>

props.conf

#
USER
CONF

[user_conf]

DATETIME_CONFIG
=
/etc/apps/splk_ps_user_conf_props/local/datetime.xml

*
Do
not
set
TIME_FORMAT

12-‐Sep-‐2014,09:01:00,12-‐Sep-‐2014,09:02:00,-‐4
INFO

Gtle="User
Conference"
msg="Splunk
hosted
user
conference
in
Las
Vegas."

12-‐Sep-‐2014,19:01:00,12-‐Sep-‐2014,19:02:00,-‐5
DEBUG
Gtle="User
Conference"
msg="Gecng
Data
In,
Correctly
is
a
solid
session."

Database
Connect

35

!   Allows
for
indexing
data
from
database
sources
directly

!   Allows
for
adding
meta
data
to
events
from
database
sources
using

lookups

Caveats

!   Java
required
on
Splunk
server

!   Search
head
pooling
requires
custom
conﬁguraGon
to
share
the
DB

connecGon
passwords.
Not
meant
for
data
input
sources

Database
Connect
Best
PracGces

36

!   Normalize
Gmestamps
naGvely
inside
the
SQL
Query

!   Filter
results
down
in
SQL
Query
to
reduce
garbage
in
Splunk
index

!   Repeated
DBLookups
should
be
converted
to
staGc
lookup

!   Search
head
pooling
requires
encrypted
password
replicaGon

Modular
and

Scripted
Inputs

Modular
and
Scripted
Inputs

38

Benefits

!   Almost
any
program
that
can
output
text
can
be
used
to
index

!   Modular
inputs
allow
for
configuraGon
files
and
configuraGon
secngs
inside
Splunk

Differences

!   Scripted
inputs
require
configuraGon
to
be
done
in
the
script

!   Modular
inputs
can
be
configured
via
deployed
.conf
files
and
accessed
via
REST
API

!   Scripted
inputs
need
are
specific
to
the
OS
deployed
on
where
modular
inputs
can

support
mulGple

Examples

vmstat,
iostat,
Checkpoint
Opsec,
Twider,
Stream,
Amazon
S3
Online
storage
and
more…

Scripted
Inputs
Example

39

!   Shell
script
saved
in
/opt/splunk/bin/scripts/
OR
in
a
speciﬁc
app

!   Allows
you
to
execute
any
program
on
Splunk
forwarder
and
index

STDOUT
data.

!   UGlizing
key
value
pairs
makes
for
easier
searching.

Sample
output
from
custom
script
/Applica3ons/Splunk/bin/scripts/FantasyFootball.sh

Scripted
Inputs
Example

40

Shell
script
calls
local
system
binary
programs
and
can
provide
conﬁguraGon
opGons.

Use
Inputs.conf
to
deﬁne
INDEX,
SOURCETYPE,
and
INTERVAL
for
the
scripted
input

ProducGon
Environment

42

!   Complexity
managing

conﬁguraGons
across
tens,

hundreds,
or
thousands
of

forwarders

!   Not
all
indexers
and
search

heads
receive
the
same

conﬁguraGons

!   Should
think
about
version

control
for
deployment
apps,

e.g.,
GitHub

SHP

Deployment
Server
Terminology

43

!   Deployment
Server
-‐
A
Splunk
instance
that
acts
as
a
centralized
configuraGon
manager,

grouping
together
and
collecGvely
managing
any
number
of
Splunk
instances.
Any
Splunk

instance
can
act
as
a
deployment
server,
even
one
that
is
indexing
data
locally.
Splunk

instances
that
are
remotely
configured
by
deployment
servers
are
called
deployment

clients.

!   Deployment
Client
-‐
A
Splunk
instance
that
is
remotely
configured
by
a
deployment
server.

!   Server
Class
-‐
Represents
a
configuraGon
of
Splunk
deployment
clients.
Server
classes

enable
the
management
of
a
group
of
deployment
clients
as
a
single
unit.
A
server
class
can

be
used
to
group
deployment
clients
together
by
applicaGon,
OS,
data
type
to
be
indexed,

or
any
other
feature
of
your
Splunk
deployment.

Deployment
App

44

!   A
deployment
app
(configuraGon
bundle)
is
a
set
of
deployment

content
(including
configuraGon
files)
deployed
as
a
unit
to
clients
of

a
server
class

!   Located
in
$SPLUNK_HOME/etc/deployment-‐apps
and
pushed
to

deployment
client’s
$SPLUNK_HOME/etc/apps
folder

! DO
NOT
store
configuraGons
in
$SPLUNK_HOME/etc/system/local

!   Use
deployment
apps
regardless
of
your
deployment
tool

Deployment
App
-‐
Naming
ConvenGon

45

org

acme

acme

splk

splk

group

ﬁnance

markeGng

all

ps

applicaGon

apache

iis

indexer

user_conf

conﬁguraGon

inputs

props

Base

inputs

Deployment
App
-‐
Naming
ConvenGon

46

org

acme

acme

splk

splk

group

ﬁnance

markeGng

all

ps

applicaGon

apache

iis

indexer

user_conf

conﬁguraGon

inputs

props

base

inputs

Deployment
App
-‐
Naming
ConvenGon

47

org

acme

acme

splk

splk

group

ﬁnance

markeGng

all

ps

applicaGon

apache

iis

indexer

user_conf

conﬁguraGon

inputs

props

base

inputs

Deployment
App
-‐
Naming
ConvenGon

48

org

acme

acme

splk

splk

group

ﬁnance

markeGng

all

ps

applicaGon

apache

iis

indexer

user_conf

conﬁguraGon

inputs

props

base

inputs

Deployment
App
-‐
Naming
ConvenGon

49

org

acme

acme

splk

splk

group

ﬁnance

markeGng

all

ps

applicaGon

apache

iis

indexer

user_conf

conﬁguraGon

inputs

props

base

inputs

Deployment
App
-‐
Naming
ConvenGon

50

org

acme

acme

splk

splk

group

ﬁnance

markeGng

all

ps

applicaGon

apache

iis

indexer

user_conf

conﬁguraGon

inputs

props

base

inputs

splk_ps_user_conf_inputs

Deployment
Apps

51

!   SplunkForwarder

!   SplunkLightForwarder

!   Splunk_for_AcGveDirectory

!   Splunk_for_Exchange

!   splk_all_deploymentclient

!   splk_all_forwarder_outputs

!   splk_all_indexer_base

!   splk_all_search_base

!   splk_ps_user_conf_inputs

!   splk_ps_user_conf_props

!   splk_ps_user_conf_web

!   splunk_app_was

•  user-‐prefs

mba13:apps
$
ls
-‐la

CollecGng
Syslog

52

!   Send
device,
e.g.,
routers,
firewalls

to
a
syslog
collector

!   Write
files
to
this
directory

structure:
/sourcetype/host/log.txt

!   Monitor
the
sourcetype
level
cisco_asa

my.firewall.name

#
CISCO
ASA

[monitor:///data/cisco_asa/…/]

sourcetype
=
cisco_asa

host_segment
=
3

index
=
firewall

Summary

53

!   Test
in
a
non-‐producGon
environment

!   Always
use
key
props
parameters:

–  TIME_PREFIX

–  TIME_FORMAT

–  MAX_TIMESTAMP_LOOKAHEAD

–  SHOULD_LINEMERGE

–  LINE_BREAKER

–  TRUNCATE

!   Deploy
apps
to
/etc/apps;
not
/etc/system/local

!   Clear
predictable
naming
convenGon

!   When
you’re
stuck,
use
Answers
and
Re-‐Use
apps
from
Apps.Splunk.com

Resources

54

!   Get
educated:
hdp://www.splunk.com/view/educaGon/SP-‐CAAAAH9

!   Download
Splunk
applicaGons:
hdp://apps.splunk.com/

!   Hire
Splunk
Professional
Services:

hdp://www.splunk.com/view/professional-‐services/SP-‐CAAABH9

!   Watch
some
videos:
hdp://www.splunk.com/videos

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