Excel|Built in function

1. BUILT–IN FUNCTION
Excel has many built-in functions to build complex formulas,
some of them are shown in Table 1.3.
Before using a function, it is advised to know well the function
and its arguments.

7. ARRAY FORMULA
By excel definition, array formula is a formula that can
perform multiple calculations and then return either a single
result or multiple results.
Array formulas act on two or more sets of values known as
array arguments. Each array argument must have the same
number of rows and columns.

9. PROTECTION
Is used to select the condition (locked or not) of data and formulas
(hidden or not) in a cell when worksheet protection is enabled.
To protect a worksheet click Review tab > in Changes group click
Protect Sheet

11. ERROR MESSAGE
Error message will appear if a formula is not working as it
should be,
-Arguments in a formula are not complete
-The data type does not much
-Or wrong in developing the logic

13. MAKING CHARTS
Charts are created through the Insert Tab > Chart, and there
will be Charts Group.

15. In the Chart, the regression line is also shown
with the associated equation. Regression
Line is created by clicking mouse on the data
in the chart (at a point or a line), then right
click > Add Trendline > Linear > checked the
Display Equation on Chart.
Furthermore if you want to work with the
chart thoroughly, click the grapg area to
display Chart Tools Tab
Example of Scatter with smooth lines Chart Type

16. ENGINEERING DRAWING
Focus: Scatter Chart Type with Straight Lines
Chart type of XY Scatter is suitable for use in Civil engineering practices in giving a
drawing presentation that forms lines or elements of structure.
A straight line of XY Scatter chart type is determined by the given coordinates of
both ends required for its input data.
If both ends of a line are called joint, then a line segment is formed by the
coordinates of two joints. Thus, there will be a series of joint data put into a
worksheet table to create straight lines.

17. Example 1: Create 3 continuous lines drawing through 4 points (1 to 4) as shown in the figure below.

19. To create continuous lines as the figure above, it takes the following steps:
1. First step: click on the Insert tab > Scatter > Scatter with Straight Lines and Markers.
2. Chart Area displays nothing because no data on it as shown below. Click Select Data on the Ribbon
interface to display the Select Data Source dialog box.
3. A Select Data Source dialog box is displayed as shown in the figure below (left side). Click Add to display
the Edit Series dialog box (right side). Each series that added (clicking Add) represents a line that requires a
pair of x and y values as inputs. Thus, a line series shall consist of the coordinates of the both ends, the one
to be (x1, y1) and the other is (x2, y2).

20. 4. Following Step 3 is to enter the line coordinate values i.e. series x and series y values. When needed,
give a name for the series in the Series name input box.
5. Click OK to end.
The intended joint coordinate and lines for chart depiction can be summarized as below:
Thus it can be stated that the first line (no.1) is a line created by given joint 1 and 2 coordinates (refers to
the figure).
In step 4, what we do is to enter x1 and x2 range of values (colored yellow) into the Series X values
input box, while the Series Y values is filled by column y1 and y2 range of values (colored green). To
enter x-coordinates, press Ctrl+left mouse button click at x1 column and repeat left mouse button
click at x2 column to get the range of cells. Do the same way to enter y-coordinates.
Repeat step 3 to 5 to make 2nd and 3rd line. The result will be shown as below:

22. Example 2
Draw a simple picture of one floor building as below:
As in Example 1, to simplify the portrayal of the drawing it needs to produce joints and lines coordinate
tables. The building is composed of 6 joints and 6 straight lines that can be built up with the following
numbering system:

24. Based on the picture above, the following tables can be formed:

25. Activity
Draw the following truss structure that consists of
21 lines and 12 joints. The joint coordinates are
tabulated as below: