4. Pressurisation
Low differential pressure
Low level of differential pressure = no greater than 0.27 bar
Normal (high) differential pressure
Aircraft type Altitude Pressure
usual passenger transport operations Max : 2.44km
Or preferably
Not more than 1.83 km
implied pressure differential for
subsonic aircraft
Up to 7.6 km
to
13.1 km
0.37-0.58
bar
A supersonic airliner 19.8 km 0.65bar
8. The process of aircraft design is a complex combination of
numerous disciplines which have to be blended together to
yield the optimum configuration to meet a given requirement.
9. Name
Cabin Size
cu. m cu.m
Small-cabin jets 5,3 10,08
midsize cabin jets 10,11 17,4
super midsize cabin jets 17,4 28
large cabin jets 28,09 42,11
large cabin jets (heavy) 42,11 70,2
bizliners 70,2 up
Aircraft Classification
Based on Cabin Size
10. Cabin Volume
(cu. m)
Aircraft Type
Learjet40xr 10,2 midsize
Lear jet 45xr 10,22 midsize
Lear jet60xr 13,4 midsize
Learjet85 19 supermid size
Challenger300 24,2 supermid size
Challenger850 56,3 heavy
Challenger605 33 large
Hawker900xp 17 midsize
Premier1 8,85 small
Dornier 43,4 large
Spectrum freedom 15,17 midsize
MRJ90 72 bizliners
global express 60,6 large cabin
11. Seating Arrangement
The following points should be considered:
Should be arranged such that the passengers need to
move as little as possible.
As far as possible the passenger seats and provision
for freight and baggage should be equally disposed
about the nominal centre of gravity position.
If a seat directly faces a bulkhead additional space is
required together with protection in the event of a
crash.
One toilet for each 50 passengers
Overhead lockers
Headroom and aisles width
12. Cabin width
The internal width of the cabin is determined by a combination of:
Width of individual seats and the number of them across the
cabin
Aisle width
13. symbol DE Lux Normal Economic
a 50(47-53) 43.5(42.5-45) 42(40.5-43.5)
b2** 120(117-123) 102(100-105) 99(47-102)
b3** - - 145
1 7 5.5 5
h 107(104-112) 107(104-112) 99(92-104)
k 43 45 45
m 20 22 22
n Usually 81(61-86)
Seat Width (m) Seat height (m)
Average 0,46 100
• Width of individual seats and the number of them across the cabin. Seats are
usually used in sets of two to four. No passenger should have to cross more than
two others to reach an aisle. Individual economy class seats are just over 0.5 m
wide, but there are variations. Business and first class seats are wider.
14. • Aisle width should be at least 0.4 m with 0.5 m desirable in economy
arrangements and 0.6 m or more in first class. Up to six seats across, in two
pairs of three, can be used with a single aisle. Theoretically up to twelve
seats across can be used with two aisles, although a maximum of eleven is
more usual.
Aisle width
(m)
Aircraft Type
Learjet40xr 0,25 midsize
Laer jet 45xr 0,25 midsize
Lear jet60xr 0,35 midsize
Learjet85 0,43 supermid size
Challenger300 0,65 supermid size
Challenger850 0,27 heavy
Challenger605 0,5 large
Hawker900xp 0,42 midsize
Premier1 0,27 small
Dornier large
Spectrum freedom 0,35 midsize
MRJ90 0,46 bizliners
global express 0,65 large cabin
Aisle width
15. • The internal width of the cabin for economy seating is approximately given
by the relationship (0.5p + 0.55a), where p is the number of seats across the
cabin and a is the umber of aisles. Typical first class seating layout requires
between 125 and 140% of the width of economy seating.
Cabin Width (m)
Average 1,84
(0.5p + 0.55a)*1,2 1,86
The internal width of the cabin
16. Cabin length
The length of the cabin is determined by:
The seat pitch,
The number of rows
Provision of galleys, toilets
• Seat pitch which varies from as low as an uncomfortable 0.7 m for high
density short flights to above 1 m in first class accommodation. The actual
pitch used is a decision made by the operator but the designer must make
acceptable provision when proposing the capacity of a given design. As a
guide the economy seating pitch on long haul flights is typically about 0.83
to 0.85 m with business class at about 1.0 m and first class up to 1.5 m.
17. where
P is the total number of passengers in that unit of accommodation
g is the number of galleys along the length
p is the number of seats across the cabin width
s is the seat pitch (m)
t is the number of toilets along the length
w is the number of cross aisles
• A typical galleyfloor area of some 2 m by 0.65 m may be assumed
for initial purposes. Location of the 0.65 m dimension along the
length of the cabin enables a galley to be accommodated within a
typical seat pitch or opposite an entrance door.
• Toilets have a typical floor area of 1 m 2, but it is acceptable to
reduce the width to about 0.7 m with a corresponding increase in
length. See paragraph.
• The total length of cabin in any given unit of accommodation is
approximately:
