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1. NAME: Suhail Naveed
Roll no : FA18-BME-084
SESSION : 2018-22
DEPARTMENT : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2. Performance Enhancement of Photovoltaic Module with Effective Cooling System
ENGINEERING PROJECT PROPOSAL

3. DESCRIPTION OF PV MODULE:
A single solar cell cannot provide required useful output. So, to increase output
power level of a PV system, it is required to connect number of such PV solar
cell. A solar module is normally series connected sufficient number of solar cells
to provide required standard output voltage and power. One solar module can
be rated from 3 watts to 300 watts. In a solar module the solar cells are
connected in same fashion as the battery cell units in a battery bank system.
That means positive terminals of one cell connected to negative terminal
voltage of solar module is simple sum of the voltage of individual cells
connected in series in the module.

4. Fill factor of a solar module is defined as the ratio of maximum power (Pm = Vm x Im) to
product of open circuit voltage (Voc) and
Short circuit current (Isc). Higher the Fill Factor (FF), better is the solar module
FILL FACTOR:

5. Efficiency of solar module is defined as the ratio of maximum power at standard
test condition, to the input power. Input power of a solar module is solar
radiation which is considered as 1000 w/m2 . So, actual input power to the cell
is 1000A W. Where, A is the exposed area of the solar module. Therefore,
efficiency,
EFFICIENCY:

6. The performance ratio is one of the most important variables for evaluating the
efficiency of a PV plant. Specifically, the performance ratio is the ratio of the
actual and theoretically possible energy outputs. This document explains what
the performance ratio is and its function.
You will also discover how to calculate the performance ratio for your PV plant
and which factors have an influence on it.
PERFORMANCE RATIO: