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ModalAuxiliaries :
katakerjatambahanyangdigunakan
untukm
engekspresikankem
ungkinan,
keinginan,hinggakebutuhanuntuk
m
elakukansuatupekerj
aan
*CAN- COULD
Modals Auxiliaries
*WILL - WOULD
*SHALL -SHOULD
*MAY - MIGHT
*OUGHT TO
*MUST
Ability/Disability
Possibility
Request
Permission
Offer
CAN-COULD
CANNOT-COULDNOT
.
I canplay guitar well
My father candriveacar
The students can speak
English
The little boy can ride a
bike
The old m
an could
run fast
CAN :
PRESENT COULD
:P
AST
Mysister cannotswim
The girls cannot repair
the car
I couldn't climba tree whenI
wasachild
P
inguincannotfly
We couldn't build the
tent becauseit was
raining
Can I come five
minutes later?
Can I borrow
your dictionary?
CanI useyourpen,please?
CouldI seeyoutomorrow?
Could I ask you
some questions?
CAN :
INFORMAL COULD
:FORMAL
Can you give m
e a glass
of water?
Couldyoufollowme,please?
Can you spell your
name,please?
Could you tell m
e the way
to thehospital?
Smokingcancausecancer
The flood can destroy
the vllage
The weather could be
bad today
She could be on the way
home,shedidn'tanswermy
call
CAN :
INFORMAL COULD
:FORMAL
CanI helpyou?
CanI doanythingfor
you? WhatcanI dofor
you?
CouldI takeyourbaggage?
1
2
3
3
REQUEST
REFUSAL
OFFER
WILLINGNESS
WILLINGNESS-UNwillingness
1. He will always help you
anytime
2. Come, I will show you my
new collection
3. Davin is angry with me, He
won't answer my phone
4. Will you give this letter to
Miss Diana?
REQUEST _REFUSE
1. Will you close the
window?
2. Will you come earlier
tomorrow?
3. Will you sing in my party?
4. Would you bring me pizza
for
dinner?
5. Would you take care of my
cat this afternoon?
OFFER
1. Wouldyoucom
ewithm
etothe
cinema?
2.Willyoubuy som
efruits?
3.Wouldyouget som
esnack?
Obligation
Prohibitio
n
Necessity
Certainty
We m
ust w
ear a m
ask to avoid
th
espreadof th
evirus
Y
oum
u
stbeaw
areof th
ecrow
d
P
eople m
ust obey h
ealth protocol
of Covid-1
9
The students must keep
physicaldistancing
MU
ST
We m
ust n
ot use th
e cel-ph
on
e
w
h
iledrivin
g
Th
estuden
tsm
ustn
otlitter
Th
eteach
er m
ustn
otcom
elate
P
eople m
ust stay at h
om
e durin
g
PPKM
We m
ust h
avea perm
it to en
ter
th
en
ation
alpark
Y
ou m
ust stop sm
okin
g for th
e
sakeof you
r h
ealth
MU
ST
Lookat th
esn
ow
,it m
ust becold
outside
Th
at m
ust beJerry
.Th
ey saidh
e
w
astalw
ithbrigh
tredh
air
Th
ey m
ust beat h
om
e,I see
th
e car inth
egarage
Shallis not usedvery m
uchnowadays andm
ostly in
formalspeechandsomelegaldocuments.Originally
Shallwasusedinsteadof Willinfirst person(withI
andWe) whentalkingaboutthefuture.Nowalmost
everyoneuses Willwithallsubj
ects.
Nowadays,themostcommonuseof shallineveryday
English(althoughnot inAm
ericanEnglish) is in
questionsthatserve asoffers orsuggestions: "Shall
I .
.
.
?" or "Shallwe.
.
.
?"
Andy :I'vegot stom
ache
Sue :Y
oushouldgotothedoctor
Lea :Y
oushouldnot eat toom
uch
Drew :I'vegot toothache
candies
Weshouldnot gotosleeptoolate
MAY- MIGHT
POSSIBILITY
ASK- GIVE
PERMISSION
WISHES
POSSIBILITY.
1. It mightrainlater
,bringthe
umbrella
2. Thesupervisormay
come today
,let's be
ready
3. Y
oumaywintherace,you
havepracticedhard
PERMISSION
1.MayI comein,Maam?
2.MayI sit nexttoyou?
3.Y
oumaywearmyraincoat
4.MayI useyourumbrella?
modals+V-1
(+) Subject+Modals+V
1
(-) Subject+ModalsNot+
V1(?) Modals+Subject+V!
HappyLearning!
!
I hopeyouenjoythecontent

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