a ppt depicting the health hazards and the preventive measures parents should should take to tackle common domestic accidents occurring at homes.

1. DOMESTIC HAZARDS AND
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Dr. SHIVANGI DIXIT

2.  Accidents and injuries are common,especially
among children
 aged 1-4 years of age
 Accidents are happening that are usually unitended
and unforeseen
 Accidents sometimes result from negligence

3.  Predisposing factors to the causation of accidents
are of two types:
 ENVIRONMENTALFACTORS
things in the child’s environment at home and
outdoor
 CHILDHOOD FACTORS
normal curiosity,exploration nature and imitation of
a child ,a child still learning and has no experience
that can lead them into accidents

4.  Falls
 Cuts
 Burns and scalds
 Bites and stings
 Poisoning
 Inhalation of foreign bodies
 Road traffic accidents

5. WHAT IS CHILDPROOFING?
 Almost all injuries can be prevented
 The act of making an environment or an object
relatively safe for children.
 To reduce risk of injuries to a considerable level and
to offer safety solutions suiting the specific
requirements.

6.  LET US EXPLORE THE HOME THROUGH A
CHILD’S EYE…

7. BABY CARE
 Baby skin care
 Toys/prams/bassinets/cribs
 Baby food
 Baby toiletries and diapers
 Vaccines
 Clothes and shoes

8. KITCHEN HAZARDS
• Burning Hazard: Stoves, ovens, microwave,
pots or pans full of boiling water or hot food
etc.
• Finger pinching: Drawers and cabinet doors
• Cuts or bruises: Sharp knives or other utensils
• Risk of fire/explosion: Unsafe handling of
stove knobs by children

9. KITCHEN SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
• Rotate the handles of pots and pans inside
• Keep matches, lighters, sharp objects and
utensils out of reach of children
• Don't store heavy objects overhead
• Don't let children climb on kitchen counters,
especially while you are cooking
• Plastic bags and cleaning liquids to be kept in a
secure place
• Avoid table cloth and / or table mats

10. KITCHEN SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
 While cooking place glasses,knives,hot food and
drinks away from the edges of counters
 Once cooking is done do not leave hot
tawas,cooking pans on the platform
 Do not leave hot oil within reach of children
 Put your baby down before lifting any hot utensils
 Do not let your child open containers with rice,flour
or beans
 They can pose a chocking hazard

11. BATHROOM HAZARDS
• Drowning Hazard: Bath Tubs or Buckets
• Burning and Scald: hot water
• Poisoning: Detergents, soaps

12. BATHROOM SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
 Razors,scissors,nail cutter,blades,shall be kept in
cupboards
 Unplug any appliance that creates heat and put them
away after each use to prevent burns and risk of shock
 Keep cosmetics,mouth washes,cleaners,detergents
should be kept out of reach of children
 Make sure the hot water tap is not open when the child
is around
 Keep the floor dry to avoid slippagesoap,detergent can
make the floor slippery so wash it properly
 Always stay with your child when in bathroom

13. BATHROOM SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
• Check the bath water before placing your child
• Keep toilet lids shut and use toilet locks
• Drain the tub immediately once bath is over
• Empty all buckets and containers after use and
store them upside down
• Prepare yourself before heading into the
bathroom
• Keep bathrooms doors closed when not in use
• Never leave electrical appliances plugged in
near water
• No child should ever be left alone in the tub
• OUT OF SIGHT;OUT OF MIND

14. FALLS
 Most common
 Due to slippery floors,from the stairs,scattered toys
on the floor,unstable gait of the child
 What to do?
 Keep floors free of toys
 Close supervision
 Never leave babies unattended on high surfaces
 Keep floor dry
 Windows and doors must be locked

15. BURNS AND SCALDS
 Sclads by hot water,burn by fire touching of hot
object
 What to do?
 Never hold a hot object and child at the same time
 Ensure milk and food is at a reasonable
temperature before feeding
 While cooking pay extra attention to the stove fire
and cooking utensil
 Always test water temperature before bathing the
child

16.  Matches and lighters should be placed out of reach
of children
 All hot objects like iron containers with hot matter
must not be placed near the edge of the tables
 Warn children never to play with fire

17. CHOCKING
 Accidental swallowing of foreign
body,strangulation,covering of head by
blankets,accidental suffocation by pillow while baby
sleeps
 What to do?
 Choose toys appropriate to the age of children
 Avoid toys with very small parts
 Strings and plastic bags should be kept out of reach
of children
 Instruct children not to play while eating
 Never use pillow for baby under 1 yr of age

18.  Do not use large or heavy blanket for covering a
child
 Bucket filled with water must be covered and keep
children away from it

19. INHALATION /ASPIRATION OF FOREIGN BODIES
 May cause obstruction of airway or GI tract
 Causes inflammation and infection
 Sharp objects such as pins,screws usually pass
through the GI tract
 Removal of foreign bodies should be done by the
specialist
 Do not force feed infants who are crying as that may
lead to inhaltion of liquid or solid food into their
airway

20. PREVENTION
 Cut food into small pieces and then feed
 Disccourage talking,laughing or playing while taking
meals
 Keep small objects out of reach of children

21. HEIMLICH MANEUVER
 1.see if your child can speak
 2.look to see if the child is having trouble having
breathing
 3.look for weak coughing
 4.check for blue tinges
 5.see if the child is conscious

22. STEPS…
 Bend the child over at the waist,place your hand under her
chest for support
 Kneel on the floor
 You can also place a child across your lap face down
 Give 5 back blows with heel of the palm between the
shoulder blades
 Place your fist above the childs navel
 Pull upwards,4 times

23. POISONING
 Food poisoning,accidental swallowing of
drugs,detergents,insecticides
 What to do?
 Keep medicines and chemicals out of sight and
reach of cildren
 Small cells and batteries should be discarded
 Keep nail paint,thinners,ointments bottles out of
reach of children
 Lock up detergent

24. ANIMAL BITE,BEE STING ,SNAKE BITE
 Dog/cat bite-wash the wound gently with
soap/detergent and water
 Apply pressure with a clean towel to the bleeding
area
 Keep the injury elevated above level of heart visit
the nearest hospital immediately
 Take the vaccination-tetanus,rabipur
 Apply antibiotic ointment
 Keep the wound open

25.  Bee sting-Remove the stinger.It should not be pulled out
but scrapped because that will avoid spreading of venom
 Wash the area with cold water and soap
 Antiseptic like dettol or savlon can be applied
 Apply calamine lotion
 Pain can be relieved by applying cold compress on the
spot for 15 mins

26. SNAKE BITE
 Remain calm and reassure your child
 Move the child to a nearby safe area,away from the
snake
 Call fro emergency help immediately
 Have your child lie down and try to stay still
 Keep the bite area still and lower than the heart
 Wash the area with soap & water
 Remove all rings,bangles threads and tight clothing
 Do not give anything to eat or drink
 Do not suck out the poison

27. ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
 Help them to navigate driveways,cars,roads and
car parks safely
 Always holding your childs hand when he’s near
cars before moving a vehicle check theres no child
behind or in front of the vehicle
 Never leave young children alon eto play near
parked or moving vehicles

29.  Q.FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR DOMESTIC
ACCIDENTS IN CHILDREN?

30.  Q.TYPES OF DOMESTIC ACCIDENTS

31.  HOW TO TAKE CARE IN CASE BABY DIAPER
RASHES?

32.  Q.7 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN KITCHEN?

33.  7 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN BATHROOM?

34.  STEPS OF HEIMLICH MANEUVER…

35.  What to do in case of a dog bite?

36.  What to do in case of a bee sting?

37.  What to do in case of a snake bite?

38.  Q.safety precautions to avoid road traffic
accidents?