3. CULTURE
• Group which shapes a persons values and
identity.
• Culture is formed
Race
Ethnicity
Gender
Class & Religion
Country of origin
Geographic region
4. 6 FUNDAMENTAL PATTERNS
OF CULTURAL DIFFERENCES
• Different Communication Styles
• Different Attitude towards Conflicts
• Different Approaches in Completing Tasks
• Different Decision Making Styles
• Different Attitudes towards Disclosure
• Different Approaches to Knowing
6. CROSS-CULTURAL
COMMUNICATION
• Cross-cultural communication is a field of
study that looks at how people from
differing cultural backgrounds communicate,
in similar and different ways among
themselves, and how they endeavour
to communicate across cultures.
7.
8. • Important to companies due to the growth of
global business, technology, and the Internet.
• Understanding of how people from different
cultures speak, communicate, and perceive the
world around them.
• Language differences, High-Context vs. Low-
Context cultures, Non-Verbal differences, and
power distance are major factors affect cross-
cultural communication.
9. WHY ISIT IMPORTANT?
• Business Opportunities
• Job Opportunities
• Globalization
• Sharing of views and ideas
• Talent Improvisation
• Understanding of Diverse Market
10. High VsLow-Context Cultures
High-Context Cultures : Cultures that rely
heavily on non-verbal & subtle situational cues
in communication.
Ex: North America, Western Europe.
Low-Context Cultures : Cultures that rely
heavily on words to convey meaning in
communication.
Ex: Middle East.
11.
12. VERBAL COMMUNICATION
• Use of sounds and words to express yourself.
• Includes
Face-Face Communication
Telephone Communication
Radio / TV
15. EYE-CONTACT
• Some cultures, looking people in the eyes is
honesty and straight forwardness & in others it
is seen as challenging and rude.
16. • In US, if you have good eye contact with a
person, it generally signifies that you are
interested in the person.
• In Middle East, eye contact is much less
common and considered less appropriate.
• In many Asian, African and Latin American
cultures, extended eye contact can be taken as
an affront or a challenge of authority.
• In Western Europe, it is considered proper and
polite to maintain almost constant eye contact
with another person.
17. GESTURES
• A movement of part of the body, especially a
hand or the head, to express an idea or
meaning.
18.
19. TOUCH
• Islam & Hinduism : Touching with left hand is
insulting.
20. COLOURS
• A single color can have many different
meanings in different cultures.
• In Asia orange is a positive, spiritually
enlightened, and life-affirming color.
• In US it is a color of road hazards, traffic
delays, and fast-food restaurants.
• Green is considered the traditional colour of
Islam. It is also the national colour of Egypt.
21. • Green is a symbol of Ireland; green is a strong
trend in the Irish holiday St. Patrick’s Day.
• White is the traditional colour of bridal dresses
in Western cultures.
• China: blue-coloured gifts are associated with
death.
22. CLOTHING
• Traditional clothing is an important part of a
region’s history and identity.
• Men tend not to wear suit jackets and ties in
Colombia and the Middle East.
• The traditional dress for an Indian woman is a
Sari.
• Gulf countries women's have to wear Pardha
& compulsory for every women who visits
Saudi.
• Western Countries, the women's can wear
25. greeting
• Bow is the customary greeting in Japan.
• Westerner’s always start with a handshake.
• Most Latinos are more accustomed to physical
contact. Even people who know each other
only slightly may embrace when greeting.
• People from France, Spain, Italy, and Portugal
greet friends by kissing on both cheeks.
• Indian’s usually collide their hands for
greeting others.
28. • It arises because of the difference in value
and norms of behaviour from different
cultures.
• So this situation create misunderstanding
and lead to conflict.
29. Different situationsDifferent situations
• Misunderstanding or conflict between
different nationalities, religious or ethnic
groups.
• Cultural ignorance and insensitivity.
• Lack of awareness of social life style
practises.
• Miscommunication and misinterpretation.
• Perception of illness and treatment.
30. BLOCKSTO CULTURAL
COMMUNICATION
1. Ethnocentrism : Inability to accept another
cultures world view. Ex: “ my way is the best
way”
2. Discrimination : Treatment to an individual
due to minority status, actual & perceived.
Ex: “we just aren't equipped to serve people
like that.”
3. Stereotyping: Generalizing about a person.
Ex: “she’s like that …because she is Asian”
31. 4. Cultural Blindness: Differences are ignored &
ne proceeds though differences did not exist.
Ex: ‘there is no need to worry about a persons
culture”
5. Cultural Imposition: Belief that everyone
should conform to majority. Ex: “we know
what's best for you, if you don’t like it you can
go elsewhere”
6. Tone Difference: Formal tone change
becomes embarrassing & off-putting in some
culture.
32. IMPROVING CROSS-
CULTURAL COMMUNICATION
• Overcome Ethnocentrism
• Recognize Cultural Variation
• Learn about Cultures
• Remove Language Barrier
• Help others adapt to our culture
• Write & speak clearly
• Improve Communication Skill
• Listen Carefully
• Respect Style Preferences
33. TIPSFOR EFFECTIVE CROSS-
CULTURAL COMMUNICATION
1. Slow Down
2. Avoid Negative Questions
3. Separate Questions
4. Take Turns
5. Write it Down
6. Be Supportive
7. Check Meanings
8. Avoid Slang