Parts of the earth (outer core)

1. Science
GROUP 4 PRESENTS

2. The Outer Core

3. What is the outer core?
The outer core is the third layer of the earth,
located between the inner core and the mantle, it
is the only liquid layer and mainly made of the
minerals irons and nickels.

6. Temperature
The temperature of the outer core is approximately
4000-5000° degrees celsius, it's so hot that turns the
metal in the outer core into liquid magma.

7. Composition
(what is the outer core made of?)
The outer core is mostly composed of iron Nickel.
NiFe Or FeNi.

8. Thickness (How thick is the outer core?)
The outer core is about 2,200 -2,300 kilometers
(1,367 miles) thick, it is the second largest layer and
made entirely out of liquid magma.

9. Why is the outer core liquid and the inner is
solid?
The metallic iron-nickel outer core is liquid because
of the high temperature, however the intense
pressure which push the inner core, dramatically
changes the melting point or liquid state into solid
state.

11. Who discovered the outer core?
The Earths outer core was discovered by German-
american seismologist Beno Gutenberg in 1913. Today the
boundary between the mantle and the outer core is known
as the Gutenberg discontinuity.

12. How the outer core formed?
The core formed during accretion, as metal from impactors sank through a
magma ocean to the center of the Earth. Liquid metal in contact with liquid
silicate equilibrated at high pressures and temperatures, resulting in the core
and mantle compositions that we see in the Earth today. The inner core is
formed therefore also the outer.
It has formed relatively early in the Earth’s history (first 30-50MYrs) in a melting
event in which droplets of iron gravitationally moved toward the center.
Although difficult to estimate, some current models place its temperature in the
range of 3000–5000 K.

15. how do we know that the outer core was
liquid?
Two kinds of waves created by earthquakes are compressional (P) waves and
shear (S) waves. Both of these waves can travel through solids, but S waves
cannot travel through liquids. Scientists figured out that the outer core must
be liquid because S waves do not pass through it, but P waves do.
We can also determine that the outer core was liquid, because Earth have
magnetic field and we know that the Earth’s magnetic field is the result of
Earth’s outer core electric currents or convection.

17. Magnetism, or the magnetic field
The outercore is responsible of why we have magnetic field in the
earth.
As the earth spins on its axis, the iron-Nickel inside the liquid Outer
core moves around, causes powerful electric currents or convection,
creates an invisible force to stretch around the earth, and thousand
miles in space. Which also known as magnetic field.

19. Thank You And The end