4. Any object that contains handwritten, typewritten markings,
alphabets, letters, words, markings or combination of all whose
source or authenticity is in doubt.
QUESTIONED DOCUMENT
5. a branch of forensic science that deals with documents having a
suspicious authenticity. Also called as Forensic Document
Examination, it involves the application of scientific methods and
principals for document examination. This helps to produce
evidence about a questioned document that is admissible in the
court of law to prove its legitimacy.
Questioned Document
Examination
6. Two Categories of Document
Questioned Document – Document to which an issue has been
raised or which is under scrutiny. Thefocalpoint of the
examination and to which the document examiner relies as to
the extent of theproblem. (also referred to as disputed
document).
Standard Document – Document in which the origin is
known can be proven and can legally beusedassample
to compare with other things is questioned.
1.
2.
7. Types of Standards
Collected/Procured Std. Requested/Dictated
Standard specimen executed in
the regular course of man’s
activity or that which are
executed on the day to day
writing activity.
a Standard document
which are executed upon
request, they are prepare
at one time.
8. Legal Classification of
Documents:
• Public Document = a document
created, executed or issued by a
public official in response to the
exigencies of the public service, or
in the execution of which a public
official intervened.
= is any instrument authorized
by a notary public or a
competent public official,
withthesolemnities required by
law ( Cacnio , et.al. vs. Baens, 5
Phil. 724).
2. Official Document = a document
which is issued by a public official in the
exercise of the functions of his office.
An official document is also a public
document as a larger classification.
9. 3. Private Document = A deed or instrument
executed by a private person without
theinterventionofa notary public or other person
legally authorized, by which documents, some
dispositionoragreement is proved, evidenced or
set forth. (US Vs. Orera, 11 Phil 596) e.g. Theater
Ticket.
4. Commercial Document = any
document defined and regulated by
the Code of Commerce( PeopleVs. Co
Beng, C.A. 40 OG 1913) or any other
commercial law.
