Case presentation on lower respiratory tract, hypertention
1. CASE PRESENTATION ON LOWER
RESPIRATORY TRACT,
HYPERTENTION, CONJUNCTIVTES ,
HEART DISEASES
BY SHAHAN.K
2nd year PHARMD
JAMIA SALAFIYA PHARMACY COLLAGE
2. Lower respiratory tract infection
Definition
• Lower respiratory tract infections are any
infections in the lungs or below the voice
box. These include pneumonia, bronchitis,
and tuberculosis
• A lower respiratory tract infection can
affect the airways, such as with bronchitis,
or the air sacs at the end of the airways,
as in the case of pneumonia.
3. Symptoms
• Symptoms of lower respiratory tract infections vary
and depend on the severity of the infection.
• Less severe infections can have symptoms similar to
the common cold, including
– a stuffed up or a runny nose
– a dry cough
– a low fever
– a mild sore throat
– a dull headache
• In more severe infections, symptoms can include:
– a severe cough that may produce phlegm
– fever
– difficulty breathing
– a blue tint to the skin
– rapid breathing (tachypnea)
4. Hypertension (HTN or HT)
Definition
• Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known
as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long-
term medical condition in which the blood
pressure in the arteries is persistently
elevated.
• High blood pressure typically does not
cause symptoms
• SBP: will be more than or equal to
120mmHg
5. symptoms
• Most people with high blood pressure
have no signs or symptoms, even if blood
pressure readings reach dangerously high
levels.
• A few people with high blood pressure
may have headaches, shortness of breath
or nosebleeds, but these signs and
symptoms aren't specific and usually don't
occur until high blood pressure has
reached a severe or life-threatening stage
6. CONJUNCTIVITIS
DEFINITION
• Conjunctivitis is an inflammation or
swelling of the conjunctiva. The
conjunctiva is the thin transparent layer of
tissue that lines the inner surface of the
eyelid and covers the white part of the
eye.
7. SYMPTOMS:
• People with conjunctivitis may experience
the following symptoms:
– A gritty feeling in one or both eyes
– Itching or burning sensation in one or both
eyes
– Excessive tearing
– Discharge from one or both eyes
– Swollen eyelids
– Pink discoloration to the whites of one or both
eyes
– Increased sensitivity to light
8. ETIOLOGY
1) The Hypertension mainly classified into two :
1 ) primary hypertension : ( without any specific reasons)
2)Secondary hypertension : (it is due to high blood pressure that
caused by another medical condition or drug ).
STAGES: 1) PREHYPERTENSION SBP :120- 129 mmHg DBP: 80-
89 mmHg
2) HYPERTENSION STAGE 1 SBP:130-139mmHg DBP :
90-99mmHg
3) HYPERTENSION STAGE 2 SBP : greater than or
equal to 140 mmHg
4) PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION :because of
increased production of hormones during pregnancy
2) Lower Respiratory tract infection :1) viral infection
Eg : 1) chicken pox
2) influenza A
3) Conjunctivitis: 1) infective – bacteria virus fungal
2) allergic – pollen or mould spores
3) irritative
12. OTHER TEST
• Accurate history
• physical examination
• supportive lab studies
• Bp
• X ray
13. NAME:XXXX
AGE:92 yrs
SEX:F
DOA:07/12/18
DOD:----
CHIEF COMPLAINTS:
Cough since 3 days
breathlessness on exertion since 3 days
swelling of legs since 3 days
HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS:
Patient was apparently well 3 days back when the developed
cough with expectoration sputum is colorless not blood
stained.
C/o breathlessness on minimal activity like walking, talking,
since 3 days , more laying down.
H/O chest pain on exertion present
14. H/O redness of left eye with discharge since 2 days .
No H/o abdominal pain vomiting diar fever .
PAST HISTORY :
No H/o DM or HYPERTENSION
LAB EXAMINATION :
leukocytes count total : 13100cumm
Neutrophils :79%
Lymphocytes : 12%
serum urea : 25mg/ dl
serum sodium : 129 m Eq/R
15. DIAGNOSIS:
• Total blood count
• X-ray
• ECG
• Accurate history
• physical examination
• supportive lab studies
• Bp
• X ray
16. TREATMENT:
BRAND NAME GENERIC
NAME
DOSE ROA FREQUENCY
T. Prolomet XI Metaprolol 50mg oral 1-0-0
T.Ecospirin AV Aspirin+
atorvastatin
45/10mg oral 0-0-1
Inj rasix curosemide 20mg IV BID
E/D moxiflox moxifloxacin 1 drop instill 1-1-1-1
T Dolo paracetamol 650mg oral sos
Inj pan pantaprazole 40mg IV OD
T. Tamiflu oseltamivir 75mg oral 1-0-1
18. Drug- Drug Interactions:
• Pantaprazole+ Metaprolol: the
metabolism of metaprolol can be
decreased when combined with
pantaprazole
• Metaprolol+Ipratropium brommide:The
metabolism of Ipratropium bromide is
decreased
• Metaprolol+Furosemide:Increased risk of
adverse effect
• Metaprolol+Atorvastatin:Serum
