This document provides information about verb tenses in English, including the simple present, present progressive, simple past, and past progressive tenses. It defines each tense and provides examples of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in each tense. For each tense, it explains how to form sentences based on subject, auxiliary verbs, and the base or "-ing" form of main verbs. Time expressions commonly used with certain tenses are also discussed. The document aims to teach English verb tenses to Spanish speakers through concise explanations and examples.

1. REPUBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA
MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓ
UNIVERSIDAD YACAMBÚ
CABUDARE - LARA – LA MORA
Student: Gabriela C. Lucena S.
Record: ACP- 14300669
Tenses Verbs

2. TYPES OF VERB TENSES
Past
• Simple
• Progressive
Present
• Simple
• Progressive
Future
• Simple
• Progressive

3. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
The simple present tense in English is used to describe an
action that is regular, true or normal.
We use the present simple
tense to express the following
ideas:
• To state facts or general
truths
• To express habits or
customs
• To relate future plans (often
regarding programs and
timetables)
• To tell jokes and stories or
to report sporting events in
real time.
Types of sentences:
1. Affirmative
2. Negative
3. Interrogative

4. 1. Affirmative Sentences
Structure
Subject + Verb + Rest of sentence
Subject Verb
Rest of
sentence
I / You / We
/ They
sleep
late on
Saturdays
He / She /
It
goes
to the
beach
every
weekend
Forming the Present Simple
Examples of the Present
Simple
• The sun sets in the west.
• We produce lasers for
cosmetic surgery.
• They move into their new
home next week.
• So, I go to Mr. D and say “I
deserve a better mark in this
class”.
• Jones stops in mid-court
and passes the ball to
Schuster.

5. The most common time expressions in the present simple are: usually, always,
never, on Wednesdays, every Wednesday, twice a week, once a month, in
general, every other day.
Time expressions made up of one word are placed between the subject and the
verb in positive sentences and questions and between the auxiliary verb and main
verb in negative sentences.
 I always study hard for exams.
 Do you usually speak to him like that?
Time expressions made up of two or more words are placed either at the
beginning or the end of a sentence and usually at the end of questions.
 Ben goes to football practice every Tuesday.
 In general, I believe that all people can live in peace.
 you go to the supermarket every week?
Time Expressions in the Present Simple

6. 2. Negative Sentences
Structure
Subject + Verb aux (to do) + not +
Verb + Rest of sentence
Subject Auxillery verb
Verb in base
form
Rest of
sentence
I / You / We /
They
don’t (do not) eat late at night
He / She / It
doesn’t (does
not)
watch TV every day

7. Examples of the
Present Simple
• I don’t like the food
they serve at that
restaurant.
• Jim doesn’t
work on Fridays.
• My
friends don’t usually
leave so early.
• I do not want to go
with you!
Spelling Tip
When shortening the 3rd person (he, she,
it) negative, just remove the o in not and
add an apostrophe (‘) does not > doesn’t
When creating negative sentences, we
usually use the auxiliary verbs don’t and
doesn’t + the base form of the verb.
Note: Save the long forms (do not, and
does not) for when you want to create
emphasis. When speaking, put the stress
on ‘not’.
Negative Sentences in the Present Simple Tense

8. 3. Interrogative Sentences
Yes/No Questions in the Present Simple
Punctuation Tip
Always begin a sentence, question and wh-question with
a capital letter:
1. He always does good work.
2. Do you like me?
3. What did they bring you?
To create a question that will be answered with a yes or
no, start the question with Do or Does, then add a subject
(the person or thing that does the action) followed by the
base form of the verb and only then add the rest of the
sentence
Structure
Aux verb to do + subject + Verb +
Rest of sentence + ?

9. Auxiliary Verb subject
verb in base
form
rest of sentence
Do
I / you / we /
they
drive
to the city on
Mondays
Does he / she / it break down often
?
?
?
Examples of the Present Simple
1. Do you surf the Internet every day?
2. Does your boss give you positive
feedback?
3. Does Jonathan always turn off the
lights?
4. Don’t you ever clean your room?
Interrogative Sentences

10. Wh-Questions
Wh-Questions in the
Present Simple
Wh- questions are questions that require
more information in their answers. Typical
wh- words are what, where, when, why,
who, how, how many, how much.
To create a wh-question, start with the wh-
word, then add do or does, then the
subject (a person or thing that does the
action), followed by the base form of the
verb and only then add the rest of the
sentence.
1.When do you want to meet me?
2.Why does Beth always complain so
much?
3.How much does the ticket cost?
4.Why don’t you ever go on vacation?
 who, whom
 what
 when
 where
 why
 how
 which
 whose
Interrogative Sentences
Wh-Word + Aux verb to do + Subject
+ Verb + Rest of sentence + ?
Structure

11. PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE
The present progressive tense is formed from the
present tense of the verb be and the present
participle (-ing form) of a verb
Spelling Tip
Verbing (Present Participle)
Add ing to most verbs. Ex. play > playing, cry > crying,
bark > barking
For verbs that end in e, remove the e and add ing. Ex:
slide > sliding, ride > riding
For verbs that end in ie, change the ie to y and add ing.
Ex: die > dying, tie > tying
For a verb whose last syllable is written with a consonant-
vowel-consonant and is stressed, double the last letter
before adding ing. Ex: beg > begging, begin > beginning.
However: enter > entering (last syllable is not stressed)

12. 1. Affirmative Sentences
Structure
Subject + aux verb to be + verb ing +
Rest of sentence
Forming the Present Progressive
Subject
A form of be + Verbing
(Present Participle)
Rest of Sentence
I am taking
my final exam
tomorrow
He / She / It is sweeping
the floor at the
moment
You / We / They are giving me a headache

13. 2. Negative Sentences
Structure
Subject + aux verb to be + not +
Verb ing + Rest of sentence
Subject
A form of be +
Verbing
Rest of Sentence
I am not working on that project now
He / She / It isn’t sleeping at the moment
You / We / They aren’t running
in the marathon
tomorrow
Spelling Tip
When shortening a form of be and
negative, just remove the o in not and add
an apostrophe (‘)
is not > isn’t
are not > aren’t
The negative in the present progressive
tense is created using am not, is not or are
not together with the ing form (present
participle) of the verb.

14. 3. Interrogative Sentences
Yes/No Questions in the Present
Progressive
To ask a question that will be answered
with either a yes or no, start with Am, Is
or Are, then choose your subject (the
person or thing doing the action),
followed by theing (present participle)
form of the verb and then the rest of your
question.
Structure
Aux verb to be + subject + Verb ing +
Rest of sentence + ?
A Form of be Subject Verbing
Rest of
Sentence
Am I making myself clear
Is he / she / it shaking right now
Are you / we / they buying
steaks for
dinner
tomorrow
Examples of the Present Progressive
1. Am I talking too much?
2. Is that your dog barking?
3. Are you participating in the competition
next week?
?
?
?

15. Wh Word
A form of
be
Subject Verbing
Rest of
Sentence
Who am I meeting with today
What is he / she / it doing right now
When are
you / we /
they
choosing
the colors
for the
room
Wh-Questions in the Present Progressive
Wh- questions are questions that require more information in
their answers. Typical wh- words are what, where, when,
which, why, who, how, how many, how much.
To create a wh-question, start with the wh-word, then add am,
is or are, then the subject (a person or thing that is doing the
action), followed by the ing ( present participle) form of the verb
and only then add the rest of the sentence.
1.Which route are you taking to the conference this week?
2.Why is she bleeding?
3.Who am I sending to the meeting?
?
?
?

16. PAST SIMPLE TENSE
Structure
Subject + Verb in past + Rest of
sentence
Spelling Tip
Regular verbs in the past simple
Add ed to most verbs. Ex. talk > talked , employ > employed
If a short verb ends with a consonant-vowel-consonant, double the last letter and
then add ed. Ex. stop > stopped, top > topped
However, do not double the last letter if the verb ends in w, x or y.
Ex. play > played, mix > mixed.
In longer words, if the last syllable of the verb ends with a consonant-vowel-
consonant and that syllable is stressed, double the last consonant and then add
ed. Ex. prefer > preferred
However, do not double the last letter if the first syllable is stressed. Ex. enter >
entered
If the verb ends in e, just add d. Ex. create > created , live > lived
If the verb ends in a consonant + y, change the y to i and add ed. Ex. try > tried

17. 1. Affirmative Sentences
Structure
Subject + Verb in past + Rest of
sentence
Forming the Past Simple
Examples of the Past Simple
• I visited a client in London
yesterday.
• She planned the event all by
herself
Subject
Verb + d,
ed, ied
or irregular
form (in
past)
Rest of
Sentence
I / He / She
/ It You /
We / They
walked
to the shop
yesterday
slept
late last
Saturday

18. 2. Negative Sentences
Structure
Subject + didn’t + Verb + Rest of
sentenceSpelling Tip
When shortening the 3rd person (he, she,
it) negative, just remove the o in not and
add an apostrophe (‘)
did not > didn’t
To create a negative sentence in the past
simple, use didn’t (did not) + the base form
of the verb.
Note: Save the long forms (did not) for
when you want to create emphasis. When
speaking, put the stress on ‘not’.
Subject
didn’t + verb in the
base form
Rest of Sentence
I / He / She / It You /
We / They
didn’t walk to the shop yesterday
didn’t sleep late last Saturda
Examples of the Past Simple
• I didn’t talk to John yesterday.
• He didn’t steal those ideas from
the company.
• You didn’t show me the photos
from the wedding.
• Ron did not sign the document.

19. 3. Interrogative Sentences
Yes/No Questions in the Past Simple
To create a question that will be
answered with a yes or no, start the
question with Did, then add a subject
(the person or thing that does the action)
followed by the base form of the verb
and only then add the rest of the
sentence.
Structure
Aux Did + subject + Verb in base form
+ Rest of sentence + ?
Examples of the Past Simple
• Did you ask Tina to go out with you?
• Did the employees stay late again last
night?
• Did Rob finish his assignment
yesterday?
Auxiliary Verb Subject
verb in base
form
rest of
sentence
Did
I / you / we /
they
walk
to the shop
yesterday
he / she / it sleep
late last
Saturday
?
?
?

20. Wh-Questions in the Past Simple
Wh- questions are questions that
require more information in their
answers. Typical wh- words are what,
where, when, why, who, how, how
many, how much.
To create a wh-question, start with the
wh-word, then add did (or didn’t for a
negative question), then the subject (a
person or thing that does the action),
followed by the base form of the verb
and only then add the rest of the
sentence.
Wh-word
auxiliary
verb
subject
verb in
base form
rest of
sentence
What did I / you / we
/ they
he / she / it
sell the house
Why didn’t rescue me
Examples of the Past
Simple
• When did you buy that
sweater?
• Why did the
computer break down?
• How long did the train
journey take?
• Why didn’t you tell me
about the accident?
?
?
?

21. PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE
Spelling Tip
Verbing (Present Participle)
Add ing to most verbs. Ex. play > playing,
cry > crying, bark > barking
For verbs that end in e, remove the e and
add ing. Ex: slide > sliding, ride > riding
For verbs that end in ie, change the ie to y
and add ing. Ex: die > dying, tie > tying
For a verb whose last syllable is written
with a consonant-vowel-consonant and is
stressed, double the last letter before
adding ing. Ex: beg > begging, begin >
beginning. However: enter > entering (last
syllable is not stressed)
The past progressive tense is difficult for
many non-native speakers to master
because many languages don’t have an
equivalent.
Structure
Subject + aux to be in past (was –
were) + Verb ing + Rest of sentence

22. PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE
The past progressive describes an action
that was in progress at a specific time in
the past. It can be used:
• To describe an action that started in the
past and was interrupted by another
action
• To describe two actions that were in
progress at the same time in the past
Subject
a form of be +
verbing
rest of sentence
I / He / She / It was finishing
the exam when the
bell rang
You / We / They were paying
the bill while I was
waiting to be seated
The past progressive is formed using was or were and the ing (present participle) form of the verb.
Examples of the Past
Progressive
• I was preparing dinner while
Melanie was working upstairs.
• He was writing an e-mail when
the phone rang.
• While Melanie was working
upstairs, I was preparing
dinner.

23. 2. Negative Sentences
Structure
Subject + aux to be in past (was –
were) + not + Verb ing + Rest of
sentence
Spelling Tip
When shortening the 1st & 3rd person (I,
he, she, it) negative, just remove the o in
not and add an apostrophe (‘)
was not > wasn’t
were not > weren’t
The negative in the past progressive tense
is created using was not or were not + the
ing (present participle) form of the verb.
Note: In general, use these contractions in
the negative: wasn’t, weren’t. Save the long
forms for when you want to create
emphasis.
Subject
a form of be +
verbing
rest of sentence
I /He / She / It wasn’t crying
when you came
home
You / We / They weren’t hiking
there when the
earthquake hit
Examples of the Past Progressive
• I wasn’t sleeping when you came
home last night.
• When Ms. Foster came in, the
girls weren’t studying.
• Sam wasn’t lying when he said he
loved you.

24. 3. Interrogative Sentences
Yes/No Questions in the Past Progressive
To ask a question that will be answered with
either a yes or no, start with Was or Were,
(Wasn’t or Weren’t for a negative question)
then choose your subject (the person or
thing doing the action), followed by the ing
(present participle) form of the verb and then
the rest of your question.
Structure
Aux verb to be in past (was, were) +
subject + Verb ing + Rest of
sentence + ?
A form of Be subject verbing rest of sentence
Was I walking too fast
Was he / she / it shouting
while you were
trying to sleep
Were you / we / they waiting
for her when the
plane landed
Examples of the Past Progressive
• Was I talking to you?
• Were you writing the report when
the electricity went off?
• Wasn’t Tom sitting in the cafe
when you drove past?
?
?
?

25. Wh-Questions in the Past Progressive
Wh- questions are questions that require more information in
their answers. Typical wh- words are what, where, when,
which, why, who, and how.
To create a wh-question, start with the Wh-word, then was or
were (wasn’t or weren’t for a negative question), then the
subject (a person or thing that does the action), followed by the
ing (participle) form of the verb and only then add the rest of
the sentence.
?
?
?
Wh Word
a form of
be
subject verbing
rest of
sentence
Who was I talking to
What was he / she / it doing
When were
you / we /
they
planning
on telling
me the bad
news

26. FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE
The future can be expressed in several ways in English. Here are the different
possibilities:
Future Simple: will + base form of the verb
Be Going To: am, is, are + going to + base form of the verb
Shall: Shall + subject + base form of the verb?
Future Progressive: will be + verbing
Present Simple and Present Progressive with Future Meaning
.
Time expressions in the Future Tense
There are several time expressions that
are used in all of the different forms of the
future tense. They are generally used at
the end of the sentence or question. The
most common are: tomorrow, next week
(Sunday/month/year), in two days (weeks,
months years), the day after tomorrow.

27. FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE
1. Affirmative Sentences Structure
Subject + aux will + verb in base
form + Rest of sentence
Examples of the Future Simple
• I will see you tomorrow
• She‘ll write the e-mail after
lunch.
• She will play tennis with me
• He gonig to study engineering
• We going to sleep
Structure
Subject + aux verb to be + aux going
to + verb in base form + Rest of
sentence

28. 2. Negative Sentences
Structure
Subject + aux won’t + Verb in base
form + Rest of sentence
Structure
Subject + aux verb to be + not +
goning to + Verb in base form +
Rest of sentence
Examples of the Future Simple
• I won’t cook dinner with Julia.
• They won’t buy a new car this
year.
• He isn’t going to study in
Merida.
• Alice won’t help us decorate for
the party.
• If you don’t finish the bid, the
boss won’t give you a raise.
• They aren’t going to buy the
house.
• I am not going to make dinner
tonight.

29. 3. Interrogative Sentences
Structure
Aux Will + subject + Verb in base
form + Rest of sentence + ?
Structure
Aux verb to be + Subject + goning to
+ Verb in base form + Rest of
sentence + ?
Yes/No Questions in the Future
Simple
To ask a question that will be answered
with either a yes or no, start with Will or
Won’t, then choose your subject (the
person or thing that will be doing the
action), followed by be + verbing
(present participle).
Will/Wont Subject be + verbing
Rest of
Sentence
Will I
he / she / it
you / we /
they
be exhibiting
at the show
next month
Won’t be coming
to the wedding
on Sunday
?
?
?

30. 3. Interrogative Sentences
Structure
Wh + Aux Will + subject + Verb in
base form + Rest of sentence + ?
Structure
Wh + Aux verb to be + Subject +
goning to + Verb in base form +
Rest of sentence + ?
Wh-Questions in the Future
Progressive (Continuous)
Wh- questions are questions that require
more information in their answers.
Typical wh- words are what, where,
when, which, why, who, how,
To create a wh-question, start with the
wh-word, then will +the subject (a person
or thing that is doing the action), followed
by be + the ing ( present participle) form
of the verb.
Examples of the Future Simple
• When will he give you an answer?
• Why won’t you tell him the truth?
• How much is the computer going to cost?
• Why aren’t you going to buy that car?
• Will Dave burn the CD for you?
• Won’t the girls be late for the party?
• Am I going to feel bad about my decision?
• Is he going to watch the film tonight?