2. Abnormalities of the uterus
• Uterus (womb) is a pear-shaped organ, tucked away in
your pelvis. A normal uterus is about 7.5cm (3in) long,
5cm (2in) wide and 2.5cm (1in) deep. Inside, it is hollow
with thick muscular walls. The lower part of the uterus
dips down into the vagina and is called the cervix. The
upper portion is called the fundus. The fundus is the part
where the fertilised egg grows into a baby. A small number
of women have a uterus (womb) that differs in shape or
structure from the norm. This is called an abnormality of
the uterus, or a uterine abnormality.
3. CONT---------------------
• Generally speaking, a uterine abnormality won't
affect ability to become pregnant and give birth.
But depending on the abnormality, it may be more
difficult to carry baby for the full nine months of
pregnancy. So, some abnormalities mean need extra
monitoring during pregnancy to give the best chance
of having a baby.
The good news is that in most cases it is possible to
have a baby if one of these uterine abnormalities are
there:
5. Unicornuate uterus
A unicornuate uterus is half the size of a normal uterus and there is
only one fallopian tube. Because of its shape, it is described as a uterus
with one horn. It is a rare abnormality, affecting about one in 1,000
women. It develops in the earliest stages of life, when the tissue that
forms the uterus does not grow properly. If a unicornuate uterus,
probably have two ovaries but only one will be connected to uterus.
6. Bicornuate uterus
Instead of being pear-shaped, this type of uterus looks more like a
heart, with a deep indentation at the top. It is called a uterus with two
horns, because of its shape. It's thought that fewer than one in 200
women has a bicornuate uterus.
7. Septate uterus
This is where the inside of the uterus is divided by a muscular or
fibrous wall, called the septum. About one in 45 women is affected.
The septum may extend only part way into the uterus (partial
septate uterus) or it may reach as far as the cervix (complete septate
uterus). Partial or subseptates are more common than complete
septates. A septate uterus may make it more difficult for you to
conceive.
8. Arcuate uterus
This looks more like a normal uterus, except it
has a dip, or slight indentation at the top. It is a
common abnormality, affecting about a quarter
of women.
10. The uterus has central position in the pelvic
The ternal os is at the level of the ischial spine
It is ante verted & ante flexed
Anteverted ;angle between axis of the cervic and
vertical axis of female .
Ante flexed ;angle between
Axis of the uterine body and
Axis of the cervix
11. • Retroversion of the uterus ;
• it mean that the axis of the cervix become
• behind the vertical axis of femal body .
• Retoflexion;
• axis of the uterine body become behind the axis
• of female body
13. Signs
1. Cervix is displaced
2. Fundus in dougl’s pouch
3. Absent of the uterus interiorly
4 Acute anterior angulation of the vagina
5. The cervix positioned well behind the pubic
symphysis
6. A soft, smooth, nontender mass filling the cul-
de-sac
