Referencing lesson

1. YEAR 12 MHS
RESEARCH AND
REFERENCING
M S M C C A L L A N
T E A C H E R L I B R A R I A N

2. LEARNING INTENTIONS AND SUCCESS
CRITERIA
• Learning Intention – To become aware of and understand the Year 12 MHS Vietnam
War Library Research Pathways
- To learn how to access and use the subscription databases via
the SJFC Library
- To understand the importance of in-text citation and to learn
how to do this in your own assignments
• Success Criteria
– Be able to access the Library Catalogue, online databases and Library
Research Pathways
– Be able to locate 3 useful resources you could use for your assignment
– Be able to identify how to correctly use in-text citation/referencing in
writing

3. LIBRARY RESEARCH PATHWAY
• Who knows how to get onto the Library Catalogue?
• Who uses the catalogue to find information?
• Library Research Pathway

4. REFERENCING
• Why is referencing important?
• What do we need to reference?
• What DON’T we have to reference?
(Image sourced from Creative Commons)

5. REFERENCING
Reference when you are using words or ideas from:
• books and journal articles;
• newspapers and magazines;
• pamphlets or brochures;
• films, documentaries, television programs or advertisements;
• websites or electronic resources;
• letters, emails, online discussion forums;
• personal interviews;
• lecturers or tutors (not always necessary, but check with your lecturer or tutor about
their preferences before you draw on their ideas).
• when you reprint any diagrams, illustrations, charts or pictures.

6. No need to reference:
• when you are writing your own observations or experiment results (for example, a report on
a field trip);
• when you are writing about your own experiences (for example, a reflective journal);
• when you are writing your own thoughts, comments or conclusions in an assignment;
• when you are evaluating or offering your own analysis;
• when you are using 'common knowledge' (facts that can be found in numerous places and
are likely to be known by a lot of people) or folklore;
• when you are using generally accepted facts or information
(University of NSW, 2013).

7. IN-TEXT REFERENCING
What are in-text citations?
• When you include sources in your writing, you need to cite (or give credit to) the
original author. In-text citations allow authors to credit their sources immediately
they quote them in the text. This method allows the reader to immediately see the
author’s source.
When should in-text citations be used?
• An author should include in-text citations whenever he or she directly quotes,
paraphrases or summarizes a source.

8. How are in-text citations generally formatted?
• In-text citations appear directly after the quoted, paraphrased or summarized
in parenthesis. The information within the parenthesis will vary depending upon
referencing system the author is using. At SJFC we use the Harvard
in-text citations usually include the author’s name and page number of the source
material.
What else should I know about in-text citations?
• When citing research sources in the text, you will need to include a reference list
will list all of your sources ALPHABETICALLY. The purpose of a reference list is so the
reader can look up your sources for further information.

9. • Citations or references are important because they are like the addresses where the
information resides. If we have the right address we can get somewhere cool and
useful. Otherwise we get LOST!

10. HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES FROM QUT
LIBRARY’S CITE-WRITE WEBSITE
• When you add a citation into your text, you need to
include the following information:
– author's family name or name of the corporate source
(organisation, government department, etc.)
– year of publication - this is usually in the front pages
of a book or at the bottom of a web page (look for
the copyright symbol © in the source)
– page number to indicate where you found the
information. If there is no page number (e.g. on an
internet source) provide the paragraph number or the
title of the section heading. Please see the examples.
Summaries of information coming from many pages
do not require page numbers (e.g. a summary of an
argument put forward by an entire chapter, book, or
website).
• Use quotation marks when copying the words exactly.
• When you have multiple citations to support one
sentence:
– separate authors with a semi-colon
– there is no set rule regarding the order of the authors
– provide the sources alphabetically by author in the
reference list.
• In-text examples:
• In an investigation with older drivers (Perryman and
Fitten 1996, 23) …
• Perryman and Fitten (1996, 23) conducted an
investigation with older drivers …
• Recent studies show that … (Shaw 2008, 156-157;
Epstein and Hanson 2006, 34).
• According to Ernst and Hua … (2011, under "Health and
Wellbeing").
• Ng and Shurtleff stated that "…" (2015, para. 3).

11. HERE’S AN EXAMPLE
• Here’s some notes I might have taken from a couple of different sources:
– McQuire, Amy. 2015. “Gallipoli Could Never Define Australia Like This War Did.” New Matilda,
April 22. Accessed April 28, 2016. https://newmatilda.com/2015/04/22/gallipoli-could-never-
define-australia-war-did/
• Continuation of belief that Aboriginal tribes didn’t declare war is being contested
• Thousands of Aboriginal men, women, children died in “Frontier Wars”.
• No mention in Australian War Memorial of these sacrifices.
– Smith, Keith Vincent. 2003. “Australia’s oldest murder mystery.” Sydney Morning Herald,
November 1. Accessed April 28, 2016.
http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/11/01/1067597158244.html
• Aboriginal resistance leader Pemulwuy shot 1802
• From 1790 until death was “…scourge of the colony of NSW…”
• Member of Bidjigal tribe

12. HERE’S A PARAGRAPH I MIGHT WRITE
FROM THESE NOTES
• It has long been part of accepted Australian history that Aboriginal Australians did not
engage in active resistance when Europeans first invaded their lands. Some writers
and historians, however, are starting to contest this concept, arguing that what
occurred at the time of invasion were a form of “Frontier Wars” (McQuire, 2015).
Bidjigal tribal man “Pemulwuy” is a recorded example of one of the “resistance
fighters” who attempted to defend Aboriginal lands against apparent invasion (Smith
2013). Keith Vincent Smith (2013) describes Pemulwuy as “…the scourge of the
colony…”, who, from around 1790 until his shooting death in 1802, led attacks on NSW
colonists.

13. KAHOOOOOOOOT!