These are words used to replace nouns.

2. What is Pronoun?
Pronouns are words that take the
place of nouns. We can use a
pronoun instead of a noun. If we
didn’t have pronouns, we would have
to repeat a lot of nouns. We would
have to say things like:

3. • Do you like the president? I don’t
like the president. The president is
too pompous.
With pronouns, we can say:
• Do you like the president? I don’t like
him. He is too pompous.

5. Pronouns (and nouns) in English display
“case” according to their function in the
sentence.
The function can be:
1. subjective (they act as a subject)
2. objective (they act as the object)
3. possessive (they show possession of something
else)

6. Singular
Speaker Subjective/Nominative
Case
Objective Case Possessive Case
First Person I me my (mine)
Second Person you you your (yours)
Third Person
Masculine: he Masculine: him Masculine: his
Feminine: she Feminine: her Feminine: hers
Neuter: it Neuter: it Neuter: its
Plural
First Person we us our (ours)
Second Person you you your (yours)
Third Person All genders: they them their (theirs)

7. Example:
A problem of case: Mary and I or Mary or me?
1. Mary and I are delighted to be here today.
(NOT Mary and me)
2. The letter was addressed to Mary and me.
(NOT Mary and I)

8. Explanation
In Sentence 1, Mary and I are subjects, which
is why the pronoun takes the subjective case
(“I”).
In Sentence 2, Mary and I are subjects, which
is why the pronoun takes the objective case
(“me”)

9. Compound Personal Pronouns
Compound personal pronouns are personal pronouns to which
the suffix –self (or the plural –selves) is added.
Examples:
myself yourself thyself himself itself
herself themselves ourselves yourselves

10. Reflexive Pronouns
Reflexive pronouns are compound personal pronouns that
“reflect” the action of the verb back to the subject.
Example:
They can defend themselves.
He hit himself on the thumb with a hammer.

11. Intensive Pronouns
Intensive pronouns are compound personal pronouns used for
emphasis.
Examples:
They themselves can defend the fort.
He himself did the work.

12. Take note!
Compound personal pronouns should be limited to the reflexive
and intensive uses as explained on the previous slides. They
should not be used in the place of personal pronouns.
Examples:
Alice and myself will be there to help. (Incorrect)
Alice and I will be there to help. (Correct)

13. Interrogative Pronouns
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask a question.
Examples:
who whom whose which
what

14. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN WHO
Singular and Plural
Simple/Compound Nominative Case Objective Case Possessive Case
Simple who whom Whose
Compound whoever whomever whosever

15. Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns point out the person or thing referred.
Examples:
this these that those

16. Indefinite Pronouns
Indefinite pronouns do not point out definite
persons or things and do not usually have
antecedents (word for which the pronoun stands)

17. Indefinite Pronouns
Singular
each either neither one
everybody everyone anybody anyone
somebody someone nobody no one
Plural both few Several many
Singular/
Plural
some
any none all
most

18. Numerical Pronouns
Numerical pronouns can either be cardinal or ordinal numbers
and are used to take the place of nouns in sentence.
Cardinal Numbers one two three
Nominal Numbers first second third

19. Reciprocal Pronouns
Reciprocal pronouns indicate an exchange of action in
accordance with what is suggested by the verb.
Examples:
Each other- used when two persons or things are involved
One another- used when more than two persons or things
are involved.

20. Relative Pronouns
Relative pronouns are used to introduce dependent clauses.
Examples:
who whom whose which that

21. Sources
• Smart English by San Miguel, et. al. (pages 20-22)
• Merriam-Webster Dictionary Mobile App
• English Grammar Mobile App