The document discusses the use of urine for nutrient recovery and production of crops. It provides information on:
1) The nutrient and monetary value of urine in terms of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Urine can be used for water treatment, hydroponics, aquaponics, and fish farming.
2) Methods for storing urine, such as adding acid to prevent ammonia loss. The nutrient content of spinach and duckweed are compared to the nutrients found in urine.
3) Details on using urine to grow spinach hydroponically. The yields of spinach based on utilizing the nitrogen, phosphorus, or potassium in 1 liter of urine are provided.
4) An analysis of the costs
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Urine as a Value-Added nutrient:-
3
Applications:
Can be used in water treatment, Hydroponics,
Aquaponics & fish farming for following reasons:
• To Produce Palak with total usage of Nitrogen,
Phosphorus, potassium etc. for minimal raw
material cost.
• To produce duckweed for Fish farming
• For composting of hardly decomposable materials
like Rice Husk and Sugarcane strands.
उपयोग
वॉटर प्रक्रिया, हायड्रोपोनिक्स, अॅक्वापॉनिक्स आणि
मत्स्य शेतीमध्ये वापरली जाऊ शकते.
• कमीतकमी कच्चच्चया मालाच्चया क्रकिं मतीसाठी
िायट्रोजि, फॉ्फरस, पोटॅशशयम इत्सयादीिंच्चया
एक
ू ि वापरासह पालक तयार करिे.
• मत्स्यपालिासाठी बदकति तयार करिे
• राईस ह्क आणि ऊस पेंढा सारख्या
महत्सप्रयासािे ववघटिीय सामग्रीच्चया
क
िं पोस्टिंगसाठी.
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Storage of urine:-
4
80 शलटर मूत्र 100 शमली HNO3 Quantity
1 लिटर HNO3(65%) ची
क िं मत
25 रूपये
प्रत्ये लिटर मूत्रसाठी 0.1
लिटर HNO3 (65%) ची
क िं मत
0.048 रूपये
Air compresor
80 Litre urine 100 mL HNO3
Cost of 1 Litre
HNO3(65%)
25 INR
Cost of 0.1 Litre
HNO3(65%) for
every Litre Urine
0.048 INR
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Anthraponics:-
5
Key features:
• Palak Gets all the nutrients from urine required for
its Growth.
• 1.8 kg of palak can be made from 1 Litre urine if all
the Nitrogen is Utilized.
• 0.8 kg of palak can be made from 1 Litre urine if all
the Phosphorous is Utilized
• 0.3 kg of palak can be made from 1 Litre urine if all
the potassium is Utilized.
Key features:
• पालक त्सयाच्चया वाढीसाठी आवश्यक असलेल्या सवव
लघवीपासूि पोषक शमळववते.
• जर सवव िायट्रोजिचा उपयोग झाला असेल तर १ शलटर
मूत्रातूि १.8 क्रकलो पालक तयार करता येतो.
• जर सवव फॉ्फरस वापरण्यात आले तर 1 शलटर
मूत्रातूि 0.8 क्रकलो पालक बिवता येते
• जर सवव पोटॅशशयम वापरले गेले तर 1 शलटर मूत्रातूि
0.3 क्रकलो पालक बिवता येतात.
0
500
1000
Values
in
mg
Comparison of nutrients in Spinach and urine
Spinach Nutrients in mg / (100g) Urine nutrients in mg/ 100 ml urine
1877.55
779.59
268.81
151.51 126.58
Palak from 1000 g urine per nutrient
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
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Cost to produce Palak:-
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0.652853432
1.282390671
3.045677843
1.836150278
0.232318182
0.284823529
0.116566667
0.042719388
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
Cost(Rs)
Fertilizers
Cost(rs)/per litre urine Fertilizers Cost
Potassium sulphate 0.652853432
Phosphoric acid 0.116566667
Calcium carbonate 0.042719388
Total cost to produce 1.87 kg palak 0.812139487
Cost to produce 1 kg palak
from New system 0.44INR
Cost to produce 1 kg palak
from existing system 1.05INR
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Duckweed as a means for a circular economy for hydroponics and
aquaponics: -
0
5
10
Weight
per
Nutrient(g)
Nutrients
Comparison of Nutrients in Duckweed
and Urine
Duckweed(g/100g) Urine(g/Kg)
Calcium, 25 Magnesium,
22.02643172
Phosphorous
,
54.26136364
Potassium,
65.2173913
Copper,
44.03409091
Nitrogen,
287.5
Duckweed obtainable per
litre urine.(g)
Calcium
Magnesium
Phosphorous
Potassium
Copper
Key features:
• Duckweed Gets all the nutrients from urine required for its
Growth.
• 287.5 g of Duckweed can be made from 1 Litre urine if all the
Nitrogen is Utilized.
• 54.36 g of Duckweed can be made from 1 Litre urine if all the
Phosphorous is Utilized
• 65.2 g of Duckweed can be made from 1 Litre urine if all the
potassium is Utilized
Key features:
• बदकति त्सयाच्चया वाढीसाठी आवश्यक असलेल्या सवव
लघवीपासूि पोषक शमळववते.
• जर सवव िायट्रोजिचा उपयोग झाला असेल तर १ शलटर
मूत्रातूि 287.5 g बदकति तयार करता येतो.
• जर सवव फॉ्फरस वापरण्यात आले तर 1 शलटर मूत्रातूि
54.36 g बदकति बिवता येते
• जर सवव पोटॅशशयम वापरले गेले तर 1 शलटर मूत्रातूि 65.2 g
क्रकलो बदकति बिवता येतात
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Economics of a 30-person
Urinal:-
8
g/M2
Rate
Palak Duckweed
71.42857143
17.46875
640
156.52
PRODUCTION AND REVENUE OF PALAK AND DUCKWEED
g/M2
Rate
If Potassium is used as a
limiting nutrient Palak
generation from K content
in urine 268 g
Amount of Palak generated
from Kitchen hydroponics
unit per day 142.85 g
Area of kitchen
hydroponics unit 2 M2
Amount of urine generated
daily at vigyan ashram 60 Lit
Amount of Palak to be
generated from K being a
limiting nutrient 16129 g
Surface area required for
growing Palak 225.806 M2
Amount of Duckweed to be
generated from K being a
limiting nutrient(dry basis) 3913 g
Surface area required for
growing duckweed 224 M2
Rate for 1 kg Palak( wet
basis) 40 INR
Rate for 16 kg Palak every
day from 225 m2 area 640 INR
Rate of Fish feed( dry basis) 40 INR
Rate of 4 kg duckweed
every day from 224 m2 area 156.52 INR
