#1249 Construction Set Student workbook

01
Creative Ability
can be Learned
Creative Ability
can be Learned
Gigo Learning Lab’s complete series includes 20 individual packages, as well as five
school sets. The special features of Gigo’s Learning Lab are as follows:
1. Using GIGO’s “building block” construction-based curriculum, every class has
a ready-to-assemble model, and includes time designed to promote individual
creativity.
2. Promotes thinking outside-the-box of the traditional educational framework by
learning innovation through play!
3. We are all innately good at something, so we should take into account both individual
development and the ability to work as part of a team effort.
4. Course levels are designed from elementary to difficult, combining a life sciences-
based curriculum with applications from daily life.
5. Experiment using Gigo’s “building blocks”, which can be used over and over again,
saving both time and effort.
6. Comes with Gigo’s newly developed 3D Smart Manual, which makes learning how to
intelligently assemble each model easier than ever before.
7. Learning Lab’s Cloud Platform allows systematic recording of learning progress.
We hope that kids can enthusiastically learn scientific knowledge through fun hands-
on experience, developing their problem-solving abilities, as well as a positive attitude
towards science. Our mission is to help children apply their newfound knowledge to
daily life, furthering their innovational skills and abilities.
For any questions or inquires. please email to LL@mail.gigo.com.tw

02
07. Pendulum Pitching Machine
08. Pinball
10. GreenMech (2)
11. Spiral Rolling
Appendix: Learning Lab Packages
20. GreenMech (4)
19. Peacock
18. Newton’s Cradle
17. Going Through The Wall
16. Pendulum Clock
15. GreenMech (3)
14. High Speed Track
13. Ski-jump Ramp
12. Bifurcated Track
09. Gravity-pick Machine
04. Springboard
05. GreenMech (1)
06. Pitching Machine
03. Rising Dominos
02. U-shaped Track
01. Skyscraper
Parts List
Index
Preface 01 39
03 45
09 53
17 59
23 67
31 75
02 41
05 49
13 57
21 63
27 71
35 77
Index (v1.0)

53 54 55 56 57 58 5950
62
51
63
52
64
65 66 67
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16
x4
x4
x4
x6
x2
x4
x4
x6
x2
x6
x2
x1
x1
x6
x2
x6
x1
x5
x1
x2
x6
x1
x2
x1
x1
x6
x1
x1 x6 x3 x6 x22 x16
x1
x1
x1
x1
x6 x5x7
x14
x1
x5 x3 x1 x4 x1 x5
x3
x1
x2
x4
x1
x6x6
x4 x7
x1
x1 x1
x2
x8 x1
17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37
38 39 40 44 45 46 47
48
60
49
61
41 42 43
x4 x4 x1 x1
03

P a r t s L i s t
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Long Frame
Short Frame
Square Frame
Long Rod
11-hole Rod
11-hole Prolate Rod
7-hole Prolate Rod
5-hole Rod
5-hole Rod-III
3-hole Rod
3-hole Dual Rod
Cross Axle 6CM
Cross Axle 7CM
Cross Axle 10CM
Cross Axle 15CM
3-hole Rod
Round Bar 3CM
Round Bar 6CM
Round Bar 8CM
Round Bar 16CM
L Cross Axle
Transparent Tube 15CM
Straight Track
Curved Track
Slide Track
6T Drive Gear
20T Gear
40T Gear
60T Gear
30T Sprocket
Egg Cam
160 Gear
Racing Tire
Waterwheel Scoop
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
Transparent Ball
L Rubber Band
Track Connector
Curved Track Connector
Multi Direction Connector
Ring Connector
L Cube
Tube Connector
Multi Direction Axle Connector
Lateral Adaptor
Multi Direction Adaptor
Vertical Adaptor
Track Fixer
Concave
Cross Axle Fixer
Two-in-one Converter
Hinge
Cross Axle Connector
90 Degree Adaptor-I
90 Degree Adaptor-II
Axle
Loose Axle
L Connecting Peg
S Connecting Peg
Hollow Tube 3CM
Crank
S Button Fixer
Marble
Base Grid
Jumbo Base Grid
Jumbo Base Grid Connector
Jumbo Base Grid Remover
Spanner
04

05
01
斜面
學習目標
生活中常看到的斜坡無障礙設施，其主
要是應用了斜面的特性，方便讓殘障的朋
友，能夠不太費力氣就能推著輪椅慢慢往上
走，或者以小力煞車緩緩地往下滑。斜面是一種傾
斜的平面，可以減緩物體落下速度，但會使物體的移動路徑變
長；反過來看，也能夠較省力地將物體從低處移到高處，但會比
較費時。主要影響斜面參數會有斜面角度、物體重量、接
觸面磨擦力。
05
S e s s i o n
The contours of a skyscrapers are vertically aligned; thus, forming a right
angle between the building’s base and its center of gravity. This way, the
building doesn’t produce torque, allowing the building to stand for long
periods of time.
If you were to build a skyscraper like the Leaning Tower of Pisa, then the
contours of the building would be tilted. This causes the center of gravity
to not form a right angle with the base of the building; therefore, producing
torque. The torque will cause the building to progressively tilt before
eventually falling over.
Some claim that the tower is famous for being the
site of Italian scientist, Galileo Galilei’s experiment
of dropping two balls of different masses in 1589,
as well as its ability to avoid collapsing despite it’s
unintentional tilt. In fact, over the past 100 years,
the tower faced a potential disaster, as it kept tilting
more and more towards the south. The Italian
government closed the tower to
the public and implemented a
restoration project in 1990.
After 11 years, engineers
finally stabilized the tower.
Skyscraper Center of Gravity
and Torque
Jenga is a game that is based on the idea of
keeping the balance between a tower’s center of
gravity and its torque. The game is comprised of many
long wooden blocks. There are many different variations of
game play: one version is to try and build a tower by removing
blocks and adding them to the topmost level. The key is to maintain the
vertical contour of the tower while adding blocks to the top. This way, the tower’s
center of gravity and base form a right angle, producing zero torque. However,
stabilizing the tower while using just one hand is difficult. Another
method is to place the blocks on the opposite side of the tower’s lean.
For example, if the tower is leaning left, you place the blocks on the right.
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

01
03
02
04
06
想想看
斜面機構還能應用在哪些
地方？
06
1 2
8
23
37
45
x4
x2
x4
x2
x1 x1
x4
x4
57
64
65
66
x6
x2
x2
x1
55
29
Big hole on Jumbo Base Grid
Small hole on Jumbo Base Grid
Assembly
Steps
01
03
02
04
Parts List
Brainstorming
What details need to be paid attention
to if we want to build a tall structure?
Assembly
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
08
Try to use two different kinds of blocks to
build a structure over 30 cm tall.
Art
Attack
Test your structure by shaking it. Does
your structure easily collapse? How can
you make it stronger and more solid?
Experiment
Time

09
Inertia
02
This is an U -shaped track used to
experiment the horizontal motion of a projectile.
First, set up the U- shaped track at an oblique angle,
adjusting the end of the track to maintain levelness. Conduct
the experiment by placing the steel ball at different heights along the
track. The steel ball will quickly roll down from its own downward acceleration,
reaching the flat end of the track at different speeds. Its trajectory demonstrates
the horizontal motion of a projectile. Afterwards, the steel ball will be pulled to the
ground by gravity. From this experiment, we can realize how releasing the
steel ball at different heights impacts the distance traveled horizontally, by
observing the ball’s displacement.
At some amusement parks, there is a large U-shaped ride that travels
at a very fast speed.The ride operates on the principle of inertia. As
passengers rush up 9 stories high to one endpoint of the U-shaped
track, the ride slows and begins racing in reverse towards the other
side. This is like an advanced version of the “pirate ship”.
The ordinary pirate ship is a swing that travels through in midair, but
this new type of pendulum ride is driven on a U-shaped track. The ride
can swing back and forth between two top points just like an ordinary
pirate ship, but the centrifugal force it produces makes it far stronger.
So, if you are an adventure lover, try to take the seat in the back. You’re
guaranteed to swing the highest and have
the most fun!
U-shaped Track
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

10
57
64
65
66
1 2
37
x2
x1
x6
x2
x2
x4
x2
x2
x1
17 23
45
x4
x2
x2
x4
19
38
39
x1
35
What other facilities have you seen
that also use a U-shaped track?
01
03
02
04
Parts List
BrainstormingAssembly
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
12
Tr y using transparent balls of different
weights. Set them up at the same point on
the track and record the height difference
between the balls as they fly off of the track.
Art
Attack
How could we adjust the tracks in order to
make the ball consistently both travel at a
certain height, and land in a designated
area?
Experiment
Time

13
When the dominos are standing, their
center of gravity is higher. The bottom of the
domino and the ground’s surface form a right angle;
therefore, the domino produced no torque and remains standing.
However, once the domino is hit on the side by an external force, the produced
torque uses the ground as a fulcrum. This force shifts the domino’s center of
gravity, causing the domino to fall. When dominos fall, they produce torque, which
can cause nearby domino pieces to fall as well in a sequence. This chain reaction
is known as the “domino effect”. If dominos are appropriately placed on a staircase,
the transmission of torque from the first domino falling can make the
domino effect look like it is climbing up the staircase.
03
Center of Gravity
and TorqueR i s i n g
D o m i n o s
After dinner, Grandpa Rudolph told Tony that he wanted to show him a
new domino game that he had never played before. Curious, Tony asked
what it was. Grandpa Rudolph explained that Tony would recognize it
after giving Grandpa all his new erasers and steel rulers.
Thus, Tony went to his study and got everything Grandpa Rudolph had
asked for. First, Grandpa Rudolph took the two erasers and placed them
underneath the middle of the ruler, using them as a fulcrum. Then, he
placed the rest of the erasers at an equal distance apart on top the steel
ruler. It was a domino seesaw!
Tony lightly push the bottom domino. The tumbling domino successfully
initiated the domino effect. When the
top eraser was knocked
down, the top side
of the seesaw
moved down.
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

14
53
56
58
62
51
64
65
66
1 2
3
4
5
8
10
17
23
37
45
41
What ways we can transmit energy
from the bottom to the top?
01
03
02
04
x3
x2
x4
x2
x2 x1
x3
x1
x1
x2
x1
x1
x1
x1
x1
x6
x1
x2
x2
x1
Parts List
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
16
Try to design a contraption, where a marble
placed on top will enter the track after five bricks
hit each other.
Art
Attack
Tr y to design the path of energy
transmission to be U-shaped.
Experiment
Time

17
Springboard Lever
04
The springboard act at a circus is very
dangerous. As one person leaps down from a
very high platform and lands on a springboard, another
standing on the opposite side is sprung high into the air. Fortunately,
a diving board is relatively much safer. A diving board is a level whose end
is fixed. This means that the further away the lever “arm” is from the fulcrum, the
greater its elasticity. During diving competitions, athletes need to exploit the maximum
elasticity of the board, bouncing as close to the front as possible. By
rhythmically landing on the diving board right before the board bends down,
the diver increase its rebound, allowing them to shoot up higher.
A teacher introduced the lever principle during class. The teacher said
that the motion of bending over to pick up things was one application of
the lever principle. When we bend over, our muscles need to produce
a lot of pulling force. This is because our waist muscles and backbone
combine to form a “third class lever”. Therefore, the proper position for
lifting heavy stuff is to make sure the object is as close to our body as
possible, in order to prevent injury. Students also learned some useful
facts about physiology at the same time.
At the end of the class, teacher introduced a quote from Archimedes,
“Give me a place to stand, and I shall move the earth”. Tony raised his
hand and said “Give me a lever as a springboard, and I shall spring
the earth away”. The class roared with
laughter at Tony’s wild imagination.
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

18
1 2
3
5x2
x4
x3
x1
x2
x4
58
x12
64
65
x2
x2
66
x1
9
13
x2
33
x1
49
57
x2
x2
56
x1
35
37
x2
x2
44
How can we use an object with little
mass to drive an object with much
greater mass?
01
03
02
04
23
x2
Parts List
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
20
Adjust the distance of the fulcrum so that the
racing tire can bounce the transparent ball more
than 10 centimeters.
Art
Attack
Try to define the ball’s pop-out angle
and direction, so that it lands in a
designated area.
Experiment
Time

21
Try to combine two or more contraptions together, which would
allow a ball to fly over a 10cm high obstacle from a “low” point,
using the models and theories we have learned so far.
Model
Review
1
01. Skyscraper
03. Rising Dominos
02. U-shaped Track
04. Springboard
05
G r e e n M e c h
S e s s i o n

1
Model
Design
2
Model
Creation
3
Winner!
Evaluation
22
1
Model
Design
2
Model
Creation
3
Winner!
Evaluation
Design
Concept
My Artwork

23
06
P i t c h i n g
M a c h i n e
Slope and Gravity
This is a pitching machine for helping
baseball players practicing hitting baseballs.
The way the machine projects the ball is just like how a
pitcher throws the ball. Batters can practice hitting the ball this
way. So how could a pitching machine “throw” the ball? First, baseballs are
inserted into a spiraling tube. Underneath the tube is a battery-powered vibrating
motor. Once a ball reaches the bottom of the spiral tube, the motor’s vibration
causes the ball to jump onto a declined track. The ball slides down the track
from its own gravity, before arriving onto a small platform that projects the
ball out towards the batter for he or she to hit.
This is a water balloon- hitting game we sometimes see at a carnival.
The game is set up by placing a big tube on two wooden boards at
different heights. This makes an inclined surface for water balloons to
slide down. At the end of the tube is a flat platform. The design is as
simple as a pitch- ball machine.
Before the game starts, the owner needs to prepare a lot of water
balloons. When players arrive, the owner gives them a hammer and
asks the them to wait at the end of the tube.
And then the game begins! The owner will put in several water
balloons from the top entry of the tube. The water balloons will slide
down the tube from their own weight.
When the water balloons appear at the
end of the tube, the player tries to hit
as many of the water balloons as he or
she can. Most importantly,
it only counts if the
water balloons are
destroyed.
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

24
57
58
64
65
66
1 2
3
5
37
x4
x3
x1
x1
x4
x1
x1
x2
x3
x8
x1
x2
x2
x1
9
35
44
8
17
23
45
x3
x4
x1 x4 x1 x1
x1
52
14
20
60
What facilities and structures
in our daily life apple a spirally-
sloped surface?
01
03
02
04
Parts List
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
26
Try to adjust the path of the slope and
make the ball drop down slowly.
Art
Attack
D e si gn your pitc hing mac hine w it h
different outlook.
Experiment
Time

27
07
27
S e s s i o n
Pendulum and
Projectile MotionPendulum
Pitching Machine
The simple pendulum mechanism is a
standard device for testing impact and projectile
motion. When conducting the experiment, place a steel
ball on the platform, move the “bob” to a certain swing angle,
and then release the bob. The bob will swing in a pendulum motion.
When the bob swings towards the platform and hits the steel ball, the steel ball
will fly off of the platform from the impact. After flying for a period of time,
the steel ball will eventually land on the ground from its own gravity. This is
a horizontal projectile experiment. This device can also provide settings for
a shooting elevation experiment.
There is an impact test for car fuel tanks, which is based on the simple
pendulum theory. This is an experiment designed to test the capability of
a car’s gasoline tank to handle being hit by sharp objects.
The simple pendulum impact machine is mounted onto a beam bracket.
The beam is able to move up and down to adjust the location of the
horizontal impact. The fuel tank is installed onto a base that is attached
to a track. This track is able to move forwards and backwards to adjust
the fuel tank’s position, utilizing a three- dimensional space to define the
hammer’s hitting point.
A simple pendulum impact machine has a pointer and a scale to indicate
the opening angle of the hammer. Since
the mass of the hammer is fixed, we
can calculate the hammer’s impact
energy by identifying its opening angle
and thus, evaluate
the result from
the impact.
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

01
03
02
04
組裝
步驟
28
想想看
斜面機構還能應用在哪些
地方？
28
2
4
5
23
37
x4
x1
x2
x4
x1
x1
x3
64
65
66
x2
x2
x2
x1
44
45
x3
x2
57
x2
x4
56
54
21
26
x1
35
What methods could we use to hit
the ball so that is travels far away?
01
03
02
04
Parts List
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
30
Trying choosing three different kind of
weights and observe the difference in their
shooting distances.
Art
Attack
What parameters will be impacted if we
were to change the pendulum length of
the hammer?
Experiment
Time

31
The pinball machine here refers to the
mechanical type. Marbles can be launched
either automatically or manually, with both of them
launching the marble by releasing a plunger, which sends the
marble along the track up to the top. Since a pinball machine’s design is
sloped, gravity will pull the marble down. While rolling, the marble strikes stakes,
altering its path. Eventually, the marble will fall into different columns that are dived
by different baffles. One giant pinball machine uses a football instead of a marble.
After the football is launched, it follows the curved path to the top. This looks
like the “banana-throwing” skill from football, hence why this machine is
called a “banana-throwing pinball machine”.
This is an experimental instrument, which looks like a pinball at first
glance. On the top of the device, there is a funnel-shaped container
that contains hundreds of same-sized marbles. The mouth of the
funnel is controlled by an active latch. Underneath it are a bunch of
regular triangular lattices, which consists of stakes. Furthest below
are the baffles, which correspond to each stake.
When conducting the experiment, you only
need to pull out the latch. The marbles
will roll down into different columns, which
are divided by the baffles. The outline of
the marble pile will be bell-shaped. Most
of the marbles fall into the middle section,
with some marbles deflecting either left or
right with equal probability. The result is
close to a normal distribution.
This is Pascal's Marble
Run, often used for
learning probability
distributions.
08
P i n b a l l Slope and Gravity
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

32
23
37
x1
x1
64
65
66
x7
x2
x2
x1
44
45
x3
x5
1 2
3
x2
x2
x2
x6
x4
x2
x2
x2 x1
20
17
18
19
38
4641
What other ways can we produce
a random distribution?
01
03
02
04
Parts List
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
34
Release three paper balls, one at a time.
Try and observe if they all land on the
same spot.
Art
Attack
How could we make the three paper
balls land on the same spot?
Experiment
Time

35
Gravity-pick
Machine
In our daily lives, there is a coin-sorting
machine that also uses the same principle as the
gravity-pick machine. Inside of the machine is a sloped-spiral
track. After inserting coins, the coins travel down along the sloped track
in a circular motion. On the sides of the track are several round holes that differ
according to each coins’ diameter. While the coin is spinning, a centrifugal force
is created. Therefore, when the size of a coin matches a hole’s size, the coin will
be sucked out into that hole by its centrifugal force, and will fall into the container.
Since only coins of the same size would be collected in each container, the
machine can successfully sort out different coins from one another.
In 17th century Britain, a person designed a perpetual motion
machine. The machine they designed consisted of a turntable with
many inclined partitions. Dozens of steel balls rotate in a circular
motion along with the turntable, which increases their torque. When
a steel ball reaches the top point of the machine, the ball would
roll back to the turntable center along the inclined surface. The
ball would then once again follow the
turntable in a circular motion, increasing
its torque accordingly. The turntable
rotates from this repetitive movement,
making this a perpetual motion machine.
09
Circular Motion and
Slope
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

36
57
58
64
2
x1
x1
x1 x3
x1
x6
x3
x1
x3
x9 x6
x2
9
8
17
x4
x5
x2
x1
12
60
56 62
4 10
x3
x1 x7
x2
x1 x1 x3
59
7 11
12
29
31
34
61
43
55
14
H o w c a n w e m a k e s e v e r a l
balls travel to the next track in
sequential order?
01
03
02
04
Parts List
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
38
Try putting in three marbles at the same time,
and then make them roll down one by one.
Try to modify the model’s design so
that you can control the length of time
it takes for each marble to fall down.
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

39
Try using the models and the theories we have learned to
create a series of two configurations that can collect marbles
and shoot them out one by one.
2
10
06. Pitching Machine
08. Pinball
07. Pendulum Pitching Machine
09. Gravity-pick Machine
S e s s i o n
G r e e n M e c h
Model
Review

1
Model
Design
2
Model
Creation
3
Winner!
Evaluation
40
Design
Concept
My Artwork

41
11
Tony randomly saw a lottery draw show on TV. He noticed that all
the lottery machines were transparent. This way, people could see
through the machine and remove any doubt of cheating.
Tony curiously noted how the numbers that the lottery machine
chose all rolled through a long spiral track. What he couldn’t figure
out was what difference was there between a spiral track and
straight track.
One day, while his teacher was introducing spirals, Tony realized
that the benefits of a spiral design were that they provided the most
efficient use of space, extended the length of the track, and slowed
the speed at which the ball fell. Tony
guessed the purpose of making lottery
machines transparent was also to let the
audiences to see each
number clearly!
It is very common to see water slides at
a water park. Some water slides are spirally-
shaped, so that the riders can feel the rush of the
water flow, as well as the excitement of spinning! If you pay
more attention to the design, you will notice that there is a cover on every
turn. This is because, due to the movement of inertia, it is very easy to fly off the
edge when sliding into the turn at a very high speed. To have a cover is to prevent
the riders from falling off the slide.
Slope
Spiral Rolling
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

42
Parts List
Brainstorming
How can we design it such that we
can prevent the ball from easily falling
out of the track while traveling?
1 2
17
23
37 45
x3
x2
x2 x4
x1
x14
x6
x4
x2
x5
x3
57
64
65
66
x1
x2
x2
x2
x1
35x2
x1
20
16
19
24
25
39
44
01
03
02
04
Assembly
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
44
Put the materials in different weights in the
transparent ball and see the ball will fall down
under which condition.
Art
Attack
Increase the gap between two tracks to
30cm; then make your ball drop to the
lower track successfully.
Experiment
Time

45
12
Lever and Slope
Bifurcated
Track
Bifurcated tracks are one of the core
designs in a mechanical coin slot machine. The
bifurcated track can differentiate genuine coins from
fake ones. Mechanical coin-slot devices are a key component
of vending machines. The first stage of a vending machine is to
determine which coins were inserted via a currency-weighing scale, which
consists of a special weight beam and load. When a coin is inserted, it slides along
a groove before making impact with the weight scale. It is a bifurcated track, which
allows coins that meet the suitable diameter and weight to go through. The currency
weighing scale presses down, creating enough space to initiate the separation of
the tracks. The qualified coins then move on to the next stage, where they activate
other parts of the vending machine. As for non-qualified coins, they can’t
make the weighing scale function; therefore, they return to the repayment
port through another track.
When a train runs from one track to another, it needs a controllable
railroad switch. The switch consists of a pair of linked tapering
rails, known as points. The railroad switch can guide the moving
train to another track safely.
A railroad switch consists of two
beveled, adjustable tracks, to reduce
its rigidity. It is easily operated by
using a rod which can control the
direction of the tracks. This way, a
train’s rims can be guided toward the
scheduled tracks.
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

46
64
65
x2
x2
66
x1
57
58
x1
x2
x10
x16
8
x3
12
10
x2
x2
x4
7
11
51
2
3
4
5
x1
x3
x6
x4
x6
x2
x4 x1
52
19
39
48
62
x1
01
03
02
04
What are the ways to relieve the
tide of cars in the traffic jam?
Parts List
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
48
Art
Attack
Design a track with a 3-road fork.
Release three marbles consecutively. Try to
make the second one roll to a track that is
different from the one that the first and the
third marbles enter.
Experiment
Time

49
13
Slope and Inertia
S k i - j u m p
R a m p
The a deck of an aircraft carrier is not completely flat. The flight deck
is inclined like a ramp for jets to take off of. The design of a carrier’s
deck is no different from an ordinary boat. There’s no need for any
special equipment, hence, there is no need to enlist any professional
or technical staff. Of course, as a flight deck, its strength must be
enhanced.
When planes are carrying out their flight mission, the planes speed
up near the end of the ramp deck. This creates an upwards lift, which
increases the elevating force needed
for taking off. The movement of inertia
helps the plane take off from the ramp.
There is one kind of ski equipment that
applies the principles of slope and inertia. It’s the
ramp for the ski jump at the Winter Olympics. It is a long
and steep ski slope. At the end of the slope is a kicker ramp. When
you watch a ski jumping competition and its equipment on TV, you may find that
it’s exciting. However, if you saw all of this in person, you may freak out, especially
if you stood on the starting platform and looked down the mountain. Skiers first go
down a take-off ramp. Once they reach the kicker ramp, they fly off of the ramp and
are projected forward through the air by the movement of inertia. Finally,
they travel and land in the shape of a parabola. The champion is the one
who jump the furthest.
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

50
64
65
66
x2
x2x1
x1
57
x2
x1
x3
x1
x22
8
x3
10
x2
x2
19 39
1 2
3
4
5
37
41
x2
x2
x1
x5
x1
x1
x1
x1x1
9
35
23
45
x1
x1 x2
x1
x2x3
x2
x2
x4
20
25 44 55
15
22
29
36
4742
27
How do you feel when you drive on a
bumpy road?
01
03
02
04
Parts List
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
52
Art
Attack
Try to use the ski-jump track model to
design a forked track.
Place some obstacles on the track. Try to
get the ball to successfully jump over the
obstacles.
Experiment
Time

53
14
The high-speed track we introduce here is a combination of building
blocks, which utilize slope and elasticity. By combining building
blocks to operate in this way, the speed of the ball as it is launched from
the track is faster than if you were only using elasticity to launch it on a horizontal
railway. This is because the former uses a track where the slope is facing downhill,
allowing the pull of gravity to increase the ball’s speed. Since the former track is
relatively faster, it is called a high-speed track. As previously said, it’s necessary
to consider the appropriate slope angle and track width. The relative position of
the bricks to the left and right of the high speed track must also be aligned
and kept straight during actual assembling. This way, we can make sure to
achieve the effects of a high speed rail.
Elasticity and Slope
High Speed
Track
Most high-speed tracks are high-speed rail tracks, which are usually
referred to as Bullet Trains. This is a railway transportation system
with traveling speeds much faster than that of ordinary railways.
The main high-speed rail operators of the world now usually limit
the maximum speed at around 300 kph. This requires technical
cooperation between the railway vehicles, tracks, and signal systems.
There is a large demand for high speed tracks.
The biggest different between high-
speed tracks and normal tracks
is that there are no rocks applied
between the sleepers. This is to
prevent any “rock splash” from the
airflow caused while the train is
moving at high speeds, which may
damage the train.
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

54
2
5
23
45
x4
x2
x6
x5
64
65
66
x2
x2
x1
x6
x1
11
19
37
x7
x1 x2
x1
35
x2
20
36
x2
24
57
x4
56
x2
40
01
03
02
04
What ways can produce a very
high speed?
Parts List
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
56
Art
Attack
Try to use the high speed track and
design a launcher which hitting the ball
upon trigger.
Place the ball onto the high speed track.
Making sure none fall off of the track,
observe how far the balls can push the
obstacles away.
Experiment
Time

57
Try using the models and the theories we have learned so far
to create a model that consists of more than two tracks, which
allows a ball to roll in one track for a certain distance and go to
the other track.
3
15
11. Spiral Rolling
13. Ski-jump Ramp
12. Bifurcated Track
14. High Speed Track
S e s s i o n
G r e e n M e c h
Model
Review

1
Model
Design
2
Model
Creation
3
Winner!
Evaluation
58
Design
Concept
My Artwork

59
16
Pendulum
P e n d u l u m
C l o c k
Even though Galileo Galilei and some other 16 century scientists knew the
pendulum’s potential for use in timekeepers, the first person who invented the
pendulum clock was Christiaan Huygens.
In 1656, Christiaan Huygens exploited the pendulum’s isochronous
characteristic, and made the first pendulum-powered mechanical clock. This
greatly improved the accuracy of clocks. Christiaan Huygens discovered that the
frequency of a pendulum’s swing can be used for calculating time. In 1673, he
was also the first person to bring up the famous pendulum calculator.
Christiaan Huygens also got the exact value for the acceleration of gravity with
his pendulum swing . He also suggested using the
pendulum “second” as the standard metric length
for time. However, the cycle of a pendulum swing is
impacted by the acceleration of gravity in different
locations. This made the standard length required
for a pendulum to different. As a
result, this second-based swing
definition wasn’t accepted
by the French Academy
of Sciences, which was
developing the metric
system at the time.
A clock and pendulum mechanism combined
constitutes a pendulum clock. However, since the
arrival of the Electronic Age, it is very rare to see this kind
of antiquated device nowadays. Therefore, this device is also
called an antique mechanical-pendulum clock, or better known as a
“grandfather” clock. A pendulum clock utilizes the period of a bob’s pendulum
cycle to measure time. Generally speaking, the weight of the bob is fixed. To adjust
the swing cycle, one only needs to change the length of the bob string.
When the string is shorter, the clock goes faster; when it is longer, the
clock moves slower.
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

60
1. ㄨ
Parts List
Brainstorming
What applications in daily life
apply the pendulum theory?
64
65
66
x2
x2
x1
57
x2
x1x1
x16
8
x1 x1
10
x1
x2 x4
39
1
5
37
x2
x1
x4
x3
15 29
27
58
x4 x1
x2
x1
x6
x1
12
6056
x1x2
x1
x1
55
51
52
6
18
28
30
32 49
01
03
02
04
Assembly
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
62
Try to discover the relationship between the
speed of a clock and its pendulum swing.
Art
Attack
Design a mechanism where when a
pendulum device swings, it also drives
the clock at the same time.
Experiment
Time

63
17
Lever and GravityGoing Through
The Wall
In the past, in order to prevent an external invasion, people dug deep
channels around castles, and then guided water into the channel. This
channel became a moat. In order to make it convenient to travel in and out
of the castle, a suspension bridge would be built outside of the gate. The
bridge itself also serves as a preventive measure. Its pivot is built on the
border of the gate and the bridge.
To travel in and out of the gate, one only needs to lower the bridge down
on the moat by using its gravity. It then became a passageway, allowing
people to enter and exit the castle. If there were enemies coming, the
bridge could be pulled up by string with a lever to move the bridge against
its own gravity. The bridge would be
pulled up and the gate would be closed.
The bridge at the gate
applies both a lever
action and its own
gravity to open
and close.
A dog door is a typical example of an
application which uses both a lever and gravity.
It is a small portal, where a hinge attaches with a flexible
flap. When a dog door is installed on a door, the flexible flap is
closed by its own gravity. When a dog wants to enter or exist the house, he
doesn’t need to wait for his owner to open the door for him. He can use his head to
push the flap. With this motion, the hinge on the top of the flap becomes the pivot
point, activating the lever motion needed to lift up the flap. Therefore, the dog can
go enter and exit through it. After the dog passes through, the flap closes
from its own gravity. With the application of levers, and the gravity of the
dog door, this flap can be both opened and closed.
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

64
64
65
66
x2
x2
x1
57
x1 x4
x2 x1
39
15
58
x6
x2 x1
18
49
1 2
x3
x2
23
x3
37
x3
x1
x2
x1
35
x2
9
33
38
63
01
03
02
04
Have you ever played with pull-up
bars before? What moves can be
done on the bars?
Parts List
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
66
How fast or heavy of a ball is required to be able to
flip the brick over?
Art
Attack
Try using tools, other than a ball, to flip
the brick over.
Experiment
Time

67
18
Elastic Collision
Newton’s
Cradle
After school, Tony and his friends went to play billiards together. This
was Tony’s first time playing. After seeing his friends continuously
knocking balls into the corner pockets, Tony felt like a loser. It seemed
that he couldn’t get the technique down right.
Tony’s friend told Tony that in order to hit the a ball into one of the
pockets, you have to imagine the hit-point of the cue ball first. Then,
you must predict the trajectory of the target ball after it gets hit by
the cue ball. Basically, you can assume a two-dimensional strike; the
striking angle and force of the cue ball will decide the direction and
distance the target ball will travel. After
their explanation, Tony
finally understood the
trick behind playing
billiards.
A Newton’s cradle is a device which consists
of five identically-sized steel balls suspended on
a metal frame. The steel balls are touching each other at
rest. This limits the movement of the steel balls in a one-dimensional
elastic collision. Therefore, if you were to lift up the right-end ball and release it
freely, it will strike the second ball beside it. Because every steel ball’s mass is the
same, the first ball stops and transmits its energy to the second one. Now the second
ball has the same speed that the first ball had before striking. Because the second
ball touches the third ball, the same elastic collision as before happens again. When
the energy transmits to the left-end ball, the ball swings upward. When the
left-end ball strikes back, the same sequence happens again. Only the end-
balls swing. The balls in the middle stay still.
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

68
Is it possible to feel an impact from
the other side of a wall?
64
x2
17
x4
45
x6
x1
5
x8
3
x2
x6
57
x6
x10
56
54
50
01
03
02
04
Parts List
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
70
Try to add up a many pieces of block in the
middle as you can. What is the maximum
number you can have?
Art
Attack
How can we adjust the point of impact
in order to make the shock waves travel
further?
Experiment
Time

71
19
Lever and Tension
P e a c o c k
Tony and Grandpa Rudolph went to the zoo together. They saw
a peacock, which made a very attractive sound as he opened his
beautiful tail feathers.
Grandpa Rudolph explained to Tony that the peacock normally hides
his colorful tail, but when mating season arrives, the male peacock will
open up his beautiful feathers in a fan-shape, displaying them for a
peahen.
Additionally, male peacocks have many eye-spotted tail feathers.
Their purpose is to intimidate enemies.
When a peacock faces a threat, he will
open his tail feathers.
Confused by the
number of “eyes”,
the enemy will
retreat.
The closest example from daily life, of how a
peacock opens his tail feathers, is the folding
fan. These fans are foldable and easy to carry around.
When using one, all you need to do to open the fan is to push
the bottom frame with your hand. The frame acts as a lever, while the
fan’s nail acts as its pivot, allowing the surface of the fan to unfold. This makes
the frame of the fan fling out in an arc. Since the fan’s surface is attached to the
frame, its tension limits the frame’s range of movement. This surface
tensions causes each part of the surface to unfold, just like how a
peacock opens his tail.
S e s s i o n
Learning Subject
Daily
Application

72
What methods could be used to
separate bricks that are initially
together?
57
58
64
x1
x1
x1 x12
x8
x2
8
17
x4
x2
x2
x2
x1
12
60
4
10
x1
x1
29
14
1 2
37
45
x4
x4
x2 x1
x1x2
x2
5
x1
52
15
27 39
49
Parts List
Brainstorming
01
03
02
04
Assembly
Steps

1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Experiment
Time
74
Draw a picture on a plain piece of paper, and then
stick them on the bricks. Then assemble the bricks
to see the end result when opened.
Art
Attack
Try to modify the model so that it opens
at a different angle.
Experiment
Time

75
Try to use the models and the theories we have learned before,
to connect two or more tracks together, which allows the bricks
to flip over and activate the next track.
4
20
16. Pendulum Clock
18. Newton’s Cradle
17. Going Through The Wall
19. Peacock
S e s s i o n
G r e e n M e c h
Model
Review

1
Model
Design
2
Model
Creation
3
Winner!
Evaluation
76
Design
Concept
My Artwork

每個包裝皆含 20 堂課，每堂課 40 分鐘。
30 mins/ session; 30 sessions/ package
#1230 Wonderful World1
#1249 Construction Set20
#1231 Theme Park2
#1232 Little Artist3 #1233 Fun Cube4
#1248 Basic Set19
#1245 Vibro & Gyro16#1244 Robot15
#1246 Programmable
Controller
17 #1247 S4A Interactive
Bricks
18
Creative World
Technology Explorer
Brick Contraption
#1238 Gas & Pneumatics9
#1240 Light & Solar Energy11
#1242 Chemical Battery13
#1234 Force &
Simple Machine
5 #1235 Motion &
Mechanism
6
#1236 Electricity & Circuit7 #1237 Electromagnetism
& Motor
8
#1239 Wind Power10
#1241 Liquid & Hydraulics12
#1243 Optical Devices14
Scientific Experiment
Learning Lab- Individual Packages
77

Target: age 2-6 (Kindergarten)
30 mins/ session;
120 sessions in total
Target: age 10+ (Jr. & Sr. High School)
50 mins/ session;
Target: age 7+ (Elementary School)
40 mins/ session;
Target: age 7+
40 mins/ session;
Target: age 7+ (Elementary School)
40 mins/ session;
#1250 Creative World Set
#1251 Scientific Experiment Set-
Power Machine
#1252 Scientific Experiment Set-
Green Energy
#1253 Technology Explorer Set
#1254 Brick Contraption Set
Creative Classroom
Learning Lab- School Packages
78

#1249 Construction Set Student workbook

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#1249 Construction Set Student workbook