BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING

1. Methods to screen Blood
Pressure
Sandeep Kumar B

2. Intoduction
• Arterial blood pressure can be defined as the lateral pressure exerted
by the moving column of blood on the walls of the arteries.
• SIGNIFICANCE
1. To ensure the blood flow To various organs.
2. Plays an important role in exchange of nutrients and gases across
the capillaries.
3. Required to form urine.
4. Required for the formation Of the lymph.

3. Normal Values
• Normal Adult range
• Can fluctuate within a wide range and still be normal
• Systolic/diastolic : 100/60 - 140/80
• Systolic B.P (S.B.P): Defined as the maximum B.P in the arteries
Attainable during systole.
Normal 120 + 20 mm Hg.
This is mainly contributed by: 1. Force of heart beat 2. Normal blood
volume 3. Cardiac output.
Normal range 90-140 mm Hg

4. DIASTOLIC B.P (D.B.P)
• Def--- as the minimum pressure that is obtained at the end of the
ventricular diastole.
• Normal range 60 -90 mm Hg.
• 1. It represents a constant load on the arterial walls with little or no
fluctuation at all.
• 2. It is an index to the peripheral resistance and decides the filling of
the Coronary system.

5. • Pulse Pressure (P.P) :
Denotes the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure.
PP= SBP - DBP = 40 mm Hg
• MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE
Mean arterial .BP = DBP + 1/3 Pulse Pressure normal = 95 mm Hg.
Not the arithmetical mean but geometrical mean.
It is because the period of the systole is only 0.3 sec when compared
to 0.5 sec of the diastole.

6. PHYSIOLOGICAL VARIATION IN BLOOD
PRESSURE
• A) Age
• B) Build
• C) Climate
• D) Diurnal Variation
• E) Exercise
• F) Fever
• G) Gestation
• H) high Altitude
I) Infusion/ Intake
J) Pain
K) Posture
L) Sleep
M) sex

7. RECORDING OF B.P
• Direct method
• Indirect method
METHODS
Indirect Methods
1. Palpatory method
2. Auscultatory method

8. Indirect methods
• Method developed by riva- rocci
• Uses a sphygmomanometer
• Palpatory method: (feel)
Taking the radial pulse while inflating the cuff
The systolic pressure is where the cuff pressure cuts off the pulse,
hence no pulse can be felt
Limitation: cannot measure diastolic pressure
Advantage: provides a wise instrument in a patient suspected of HTN
(silent period with korotkoff sounds)

9. Ausculatry method (developed by Russian
scientist Korotkoff)

10. PRINCIPLE INVOLVED IN RECORDING BLOOD
PRESSURE

11. Measurement devices

12. RECOMMENDED BLOOD PRESSURE
MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE

13. Direct method
• Most precise measure.
• Direct connection to major artery to a transductor via a catheter