Process and Thread Management in Solaris Operating System.

1. Process and Thread
Management in Solaris
Operating System
Created by – Samyak Jain
MCA/25014/2022
Submitted to – Shripal Vijayvargiya Sir

2. What is Process?
 A Process is an instance of a running program or a
program in execution.
 A Process can create another process called a child
process,any process that creates the child process is
called the parent process.
 This creation of new processes from existing parent
processes is called forking.
 Each process is identified uniquely with a positive integer
number names PID.

3. Process and Thread Management
Managing processes becomes important in a multiuser environment such as
Solaris.
There are three broad categories of tasks associated with the management of
the systems processes:
 Monitoring the Processes
Viewing the PID,UID and PPID
Viewing the priority of the process
Viewing the Resource Usage(in terms of memory and processor utilization)
Viewing the state of the process ,etc.
 Controlling the Processes
using Signals
Assigning the priority to the processes
 Scheduling the Processes

4. Monitoring the Processes
In Solaris, you can monitor processes that are exactly on a system by using one of
the commands listed.
1.ps command – the ps command can be used to view the processes running on the
system.
• ps prints information about processes that have the same effective user ID and the
same controlling terminal as the invoker of ps command.
• The output contains only the process ID(PID), terminal identifier (TTY),cumulative
execution time (TIME), and the command name (CMD).
2.pgrep – the pgrep command examines the active processes on the system and
reports the process IDs of the processes whose attributes match the criteria
specified on the command line.

5. 3.prstat – the prstat command iteratively examines all active processes on the system and
reports overall statistics on screen.
Syntax – prstat [option] <count> <interval>
4.preap – you can use the preap command to clean up a defunct or a zombie process.
5.pstop – A process can be temporarily suspended with the pstop command.
• You need to specify the PID of the process to be suspended.
# pstop 1234

6. 6. prun – A temporarily suspended process can be resumed and made runnable with prun
command.
# prun 1234
7.pwait – pwait command blocks and wait for termination of a process.
8.pwdx – the current working directory of a process can be displayed using the pwdx
command
9.pfiles – A list of files open within a process can be displayed with the pfiles command

7. Controlling the Processes
Controlling the processes in solaris includes clearing hung processes,
terminating unwanted or misbehaving process, changing the execution
priority of a process , resuming a suspended process , and so on.
The different ways the process can be controlled in solaris:-
1. The nice and renice Commands – the nice value of a process represents
the priority of the process.
- Every process has a nice value in the range from 0 to 39 being the
nicest.
- Higher the nice value, the lower the priority.
- by default ,user processes start with a nice value of 20.
2. Signals – Solaris supports the concepts of signals, which are software
interrupts.
- Signals can be used for communication between processes.
- A signals notifies the receiving process about an event.

8. Scheduling Processes
Scheduling Processes includes assigning priorities to the processes based on the
importance and the need.
Using these command one can increase the priority of the process.
1.cron Utility – cron utility allows tasks to be automatically run in the
background at regular intervals by the cron daemon. These are often termed as
cron jobs in solaris.
- cron daemon: Is a software process that runs in the background
continuously and provides the service to the client upon request.
2.at command – the at command lets you specify a one-time action to take
place at some desired time.
syntax- at [-m] <time> <date>
• atq- to check your jobs that are waiting in the queue.
syntax – $ at –l [job-id]
• at –r – this command is use to remove any existing at job.
syntax - # at –r [job-id]

9. THANK YOU