Assignment on pathogenesis of Adenoviruses, clinical syndromes with a brief introduction of Adenoviruses.

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Pathogenesis
of
Adenoviruses

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Introduction
 Adenoviruses are a group of medium sized, non- enveloped,
double stranded DNA virus that has an icosahedral capsid.
 First isolated from human adenoids.
 Infect humans, animals and birds.
 Capable of infecting multiple organ systems; however, most
infections are asymptomatic.
 Causes diseases involves RTI, UTI, GIT and eyes.

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Transmission –
 Spread like a common cold from person to person via
coughing and sneezing.
 Respiratory transmission
 Fecal-oral transmission
 Fomite transmission
 Water borne transmission

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Upon Infection with adenovirus, one of three different interactions with
the cells may occur:
1. Lytic infection- occurs when virus enters human epithelial cells
and continues through an entire replication cycle.
Results in cytolysis, cytokine production and induction of host
inflammatory response.
2. Chronic infection- involves asymptomatic infection of lymphoid
tissue.
Exact mechanism of which is unknown.

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3. Lastly, oncogenic transformation has been observed in rodent cells.
During oncogenesis, multiplication of the virus is inhibited and followe
by integration of viral DNA into the host DNA.
Virus produces potent E1A proteins which targets rodent cells by
altering cellular transcription, finally leads to transformation of the
cells.
However, oncogenesis of human cells has not been demonstrated.

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Clinical syndromes -
Over 50 serotypes of adenoviruses have been isolated from human
sources.
Most were recovered from AIDS patients.
More than one type of virus may produce the same clinical syndrome
and one type of virus may cause clinically different diseases.

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References
 www.biologydiscussion.com
 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles.com
 http://virology-online.com/viruses/Adenoviruses2.htm