ANXIOLYTICS AND STIMULANTS DRUGS

1. SEMINARON‘ANXIOLYTICSAND
STIMULANTSDRUGS’
PRESENTED BY-
DEEPAMANI
LALITA
SMRITA
PRESENTED TO-
MA’AM LAMLYNTI LANGBANG
LECURER ADTU)

2. ANXIOLYTICS
• The drugs or agents which are used in treatment of anxiety is
called anxiolytics.
• Anxiolytics acts by balancing brain neurotransmitters level to
ease anxiety.

3. CLASSIFICATIONS
1. BARBITURATES:- Example- Phenobarbital, Secobarbital,
Thiopentone.
2. NON-BARBITURATE NON- BENZODIAZEPINE ANTI-ANXIETY
AGENTS :- Example- Meprobamate glutethimide, Ethanol,
Diphenhydramine, and Methaqualone.
3. BENZODIAZEPINES:- Presently benzodiazepines are the rugs
of first choice in the treatment of insomnia.

4. CONT.
-VERY SHORT ACTING:- Triazolam, Midazolam.
-SHORTS- ACTING:- Oxazepam, Lorazepam, Alprazolam,
-LONG-ACTING:- Chlordiazepoxide, Flurazepam.

5. INDICATIONS
• Anxiety Disorders
• Insomnia
• Depression
• Panic disorders and social phobia
• PTSD
• Bipolar I disorder.
• Alcohol withdrawal, substance induced and psychotic
agitation.

6. DOSAGE(mg/day)
• ALPRAZOLAM:-(0.5-6 PO)
• OXAZEPAM:-(15-120 PO)
• LORAZEPAM:- (2-6 PO/IV/IM)
• DIAZEPAM:-(2-10 PO/IM/ slow IV)
• CLONAZEPAM:- (0.5-20 PO/IM)
• CLORAZEPOXIDE:- (15-100 PO; 50-100 slow IV)
• NITRAZEPZEPZM:- (5-20 PO)

7. MECHANISM OF ACTION
Benzodiazepines binds to specific GABA receptors
Increase GABA level
Calming effect on CNS
Reduces Anxiety

8. SIDE EFFECTS

9. NURSES RESPONSIBILITY
 Administer with food to minimize gastric irritation.
 Advise the patient to take medication exactly as directed.
Abrupt withdrawal may cause insomnia, irritability, and
sometimes even seizures.
 Explain about adverse effects.
 Caution the patient to avoid alcohol or any other CNS
depressants along with benzodiazepines.
• If IM administration is preferred give deep IM.
• For IV administration, do not mix with other drugs.

10. STIMULANTS

11. DEFINTION
Psychoactive drugs that induce temporary improvement in
either mental or physical functions or both.
Effects include:- Alertness, wakefulness and locomotion.
Stimulants are widely used as prescription as well as without
prescription.

12. MECHANISM OF ACTION
1. BLOCK NEUROTRANSMITTERS REUPTAKE:- COCAINE.
2. PROMOTE NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE:- AMPHETAMINE.
3. BLOCK METABOLISM:- PHENELZINE.
4. ANTAGONIZE THE EFFECT OF IMHIBITORY
NEUROTRANSMITTER :- PICROTOXIN.

13. SOURCES
THEY ARE MOSTLY OBTAINED FROM:-
COCAINE(Erythroxylon coca)
Caffeine(Thea sinesis)
Ephedrine(Ephedra sinica)
Nicotine(Nicotiana toaccum)
Strychnine(Strychnox-nux-vomica)
Tea(Thea sinensis)
Coffee(Coffea arabica)

14. INDICATIONS OF STIMULANTS
• Lethargy and Fatigue
• Insomnia
• To decrease appetite and promote wight loss
• Prescribed along with anti depressants
• Bronchial asthma
• Added to painkillers
• Aid cessation of smoking

15. ADVERSE EFFECTS

16. CLASSIFICATIONS
1. ANALEPTIC STIMULANTS
2. PSYCHOMOTOR STIMULANTS
3. METHYLXANTHINES

17. WITHDRAWEL SYMPTOMS OF CNS
STIMULANTS
• Hunger
• Anxiety
• Irritability
• Aggression
• Radical mood swings
• Depression
• Nightmares
• Extreme fatigue
• Long but restless sleep

18. REMEDY

19. THANK YOU