1. Automatic Coded Card Security
System using PIR sensors
Priyanka Raina1
, Vishal Yadav2
, Manik Sonar3
, Sahil Shinde4
1,2,3,4
Department Of Electronics & Telecommunication ,
Sinhgad Institute Of Technology, Lonavala
1
priyankaraina3@gmail.com2
vish.yadav89@gmail.com3
maniksonar88@gmail.com4
sahil.shinde5@gmail.com
Abstract— The Automatic coded card security
system is a pioneer for security system. This is
one of the most high tight system. It contains a
special sensor which captures the radiations
(infrared) from human body. The special feature
of this novel system is that each authorized person
is given a card which carries unique ID in it. The
system is able to detect the unique ID inherited on
the cards with the help of a card reader, which is
built around the smart controller. Along with the
coded card, the person who is authorized to enter
the protected zone is also provided with a secret
‘code number’. The person who wishes to get
inside the area must first press the code number
through a decimal keyboard placed at the door. If
the number pressed by him does not match with
the set one, the card reader and the door are not
activated and hence the person trying to get inside
illegally is not allowed.
Keyword: Microcontroller 89S51, PIR Sensors,
RFID Reader, GSM, Bio-capsule.
I. INTRODUCTION
The PIC controller Based Coded Card Security System is
a novel approach to modern automated security
management. The microcontroller Based Coded Card
Security System consists of a number of coded cards,
door driving mechanism and a number of sensors and
alarms. The special feature of this novel system is that
each authorized person is given a card which carries
unique ID in it. The system is able to detect the unique
ID inherited on the cards with the help of a card reader,
which is built around the smart microcontroller. Any card
other than those provided to the authorized persons will be
rejected by the controller Decoder. For the right card
controller generates ‘Door Open’ command, by which
system will activate the door, so that the person can enter
the security zone. Here, along with the coded card, the
person who is authorized to enter the protected zone is
also provided with a secret ‘code number’. To enter the
protected area, the person who wishes to get inside the
area must first press the code number through a decimal
keyboard placed at the door. If the number pressed by
him does not match with the set one, the card reader and
the door are not activated and hence the person trying to
get inside illegally is not allowed to do so. If the number
entered is right but the card inserted is fake even then the
door will not be activated. Hence, to enter the protected
zone a person is required to know the correct code
number along with the right coded card.
II. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fig.1 Block Diagram

2. A. PIR SENSORS
SB0061 is a pyroelectric sensor module which developed
for human body detection. A PIR detector combined with
a fresnel lens are mounted on a compact size PCB
together with an analog IC, SB0061, and limited
components to form the module. High level output of
variable width is provided.
Features and electrical specifications:-
• Compact size (28 x 38 mm)
• Supply current: DC5V-20V(can design DC3V-24V)
• Current drain :< 50uA
• Voltage Output: High/Low level signal ：3.3V
• TTL output
• High sensitivity
• Delay time：5s-18 minute
• Blockade time：0.5s-50s (acquiescently 0 seconds)
• Operation temperature:-1500
C-7000
C
Fig.2 Lens Information
B. 89S51 MICROCONTROLLER
The AT89S51 is a low-power, high-performance
CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 4K bytes of In-System
Programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured
using Atmel’s high-density non volatile memory
technology and is compatible with the industry standard
80C51 instruction set and pin out. The on-chip Flash
allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-
system or by a conventional non volatile memory
programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with In-
System Programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the
Atmel AT89S51 is a powerful microcontroller which
provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to
many embedded control applications.
The AT89S51 provides the following standard features:
• 4K bytes of Flash,
• 128 bytes of RAM,
• 32 I/O lines,
• Watchdog timer,
• two data pointers,
• two 16-bit timer/counters,
• on-chip oscillator
C. RFID SENSOR
We can generate IR[Infrared] source using electronic
circuitry in our labs. This circuit is constructed using IC
555, as astable multivibrator. In astable multivibrator
mode the I.C 555 generates continuous pulses. The
amplitude of the pulses will be equal to Vcc voltage. In
this mode the pin no 2 and 6 will be shorted. There will
be a resistor (Ra) connected between pin no.7 & 8,
another resistor (Rb) between pin no.7 to Vcc and a
capacitor (C) from pin no. 6 to ground. The pin no. 4
will be connected to supply point. After feeding the
supply to pin no 1 &8 the output is taken at pin no.3 it
will be a continuous square wave. By varying the values
of Ra, Rb and C the output frequency can be varied.
This frequency is used to driver the IR LED connected
at the at pin no 3. it emits IR rays, as the normal LED
emits light, IR LED emits IR rays. These are not visible
to eye.The frequency range is 20Hz to 455KHz.
D. MAX 232
The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver that
includes a capacitive voltage generator to supply
TIA/EIA-232-F voltage levels from a single 5-V supply.
Each receiver convert TIA/EIA-232-F inputs to 5-V
TTL/CMOS levels. These receivers have a typical
threshold of 1.3V, a typical hysteresis of 0.5 V, and can
accept ±30-V inputs. Each driver converts TTL/CMOS
input levels into TIA/EIA-232-F levels.The MAX232 was
the first IC which in one package contains the necessary
drivers (two)and receivers (also two), to adapt the RS-232
signal voltage levels to TTL logic. It became popular,
because it just needs one voltage (+5V) and generates the
necessary RS-232 voltage levels (approx. -10V and +10V)
internally. This greatly simplified the design of circuitry.
The MAX232 has a successor, the MAX232A. It should
be noted that the MAX232 (A) is just a driver/receiver. It
does not generate the necessary RS-232 sequence of marks

3. and spaces with the right timing, it does not decode the
RS-232 signal, it does not provide a serial/parallel
conversion. All it does is to convert signal voltage levels.
Generating serial data with the right timing and decoding
serial data has to be done by additional circuitry. The
original manufacturer offers a large series of similar ICs,
with different numbers of receivers and drivers, voltages,
built-in or external capacitors, etc. E.g. The MAX232 and
MAX232A need external capacitors for the internal
voltage pump, while the MAX233 has these capacitors
built-in.
III. CIRCUIT OPERATION
First, the secret code is entered from the
keyboard. The number decoder connected to the keyboard
will read this number and if the number entered is correct
then the number decoder will trigger the Monostable
latch whose output will go high. This high output will
activate the card reading system. Now, the card is placed
into its socket in the card reader. If the valid card is
entered then the card reading system will activate the
electromechanical driver stage which will open the door.
It may happen that an unauthorised person tries to enter
the protected zone from some other entry i.e. other than
the door, then to avoid such an attempt a multi-channel
alarm system is fixed. The alarm system makes use of
Doppler sensors which detect moving objects and upon
detection activate the siren. This sensor is particularly a
PIR sensor (passive infrared sensor). It divides the areas
to be sensed in various temperature gradients. By the
emission of infrared signals from the human body, this
sensor senses with the help of temperature levels. It has
an angle of 140 degree.
Fig.3 Process diagram
IV. FLOW CHART
Fig.4 Flow chart
V. CONCLUSIONS
This security system based on RFID is the best secured
system. This security system contains multi-security bases.
First of all a bio-capsule is placed on the RFID tag. Then a
random message is generated.
Also after the door is opened a PIR sensor is present to
sense the incoming of a person by various temperature
gradients. Then an image capturing system captures the
image and sends the data to the back end. So it is a multi-
secured system with PIR sensors, bio capsule and image
capturing system. With the help of such secured system we
can keep all our data secured.

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