Canine sarcocystis,sarcocystosis

1. Canine Sarcocystis,Sarcocystosis
Prepared By
Sabal Pokharel

2. Major Outlines
• Introduction on Sarcocystis
• Morphology
• Life cycle
• Clinical signs
• Treatment
• Control
• Diagnosis
• National and International review

3. Introduction
• Sarcocystis ,protozoan genus of
parasites, majority of species infecting
mammals and some infecting reptiles
and birds
• Disease caused by it ,
called Sarcocystosis
• Also called rice breast disease
in duck
• Occurs in endothelium,muscles
and soft tissues by invasion

4. Classification
Lankester,1882

5. Geographical distribution
• are parasite which live in number of hosts,
distribution is wide, varied and infect animal
worldwide.
• Most prominent cases are observed in
North america
South africa
Australia
canada

6. Major species

7. Hosts

8. Morphology
• Cysts vary in size from few micrometers to cm depending
upon host and species
• Either microscopic or macroscopic
• Macro-sarcocysts-filamentous,granular,spindle or rice grain
• Micro-sarcocysts-long &narrow to short and wide(0.5mm-
5.0mm)
• Tropozoites – banana shaped

9. Modes of Transmission
• Transmission from animal to animal incompletely
understood
• Transmitted via ingestion of flesh containing
sarcocysts(bradyzoites)
• Ingesting infected faeces

10. Life cycle
• Indirect
• Intermediate host-usually herbivores-
schizonts(tachyzoites) in endothelial cell of
blood vessels of kidney and brain,Later cysts
containing (bradyzoites and metrocytes) are
formed in muscles
• Definitive Host or Final host:usually carnivores
-sporocysts develop in small intestines

11. Develop into typical sporocyst(containing bradyzoites)
Invade muscle fibre
Merozoites
Schizonts in vascular endothelium
Schizonts(tachyzoites)
Sporozoites
Ingestion of sporocyst/oocyst by IM host
Final host begin to shed infective sporocyst in the feces
Muscle tissue contain sarcocystis cysts(bradyzoites)
Ingestion by final host

13. Signs and symptoms
• Nonfatal ,usually asymptomatic infection
• Lack of appetite
• Weight loss
• Diarrhoea, potentially bloody diarrhea
• Dehydration
• Depression
• Paralysis
• Muscle pain
• Myositis (inflammation with the muscle)
• Muscle atrophy (muscle wasting)

14. Diagnosis
• Sarcocystis organisms can be seen in the feces
on microscopic fecal examination and
macrocysts can be seen visually on muscle
• organism on histopathology in tissues such as
the lungs, liver, kidney, spleen, brain and/or
muscle.(stain =Periodic Acid Sciff)
• ELISA based on antigens from merozoites
• Indirect HA test

16. Treatment
• no definitive treatment for sarcocystosis
exists.
• Treatments such as Cotimoxazole or
Primaquine may be tried if sarcocystosis is
suspected or diagnosed.
• Both of these drugs are appear to be logical
but not proven choice till present.

17. Treatment
• Amprolium-100mg/kg bwt s.i.d in calves and
sheep has been effective
• Salinomycin-4mg/kg bwt s.i.d for 30 days
• Oxytetracycine at high dose rates has been
effective in acute infection

18. Control
• Vaccine are not available till date
• Good sanitation and hygiene maintenance
• Proper slaughter house management
• Reduce contact among intermediate and
definitive host
• Avoid feeding raw meat, offal or dead animals
to canine feline

19. Literature review
• National
- Studies on prevalence of zoonotic important
protozoan parasite Sarcocytis spp. In Nepal
(Rana HB and prof. Dr.Manandhar K.D ,2016)

20. • International
-Detection of Sarcocytis spp. In cattle (Bos taurus)and
water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)in Iran by PCR-
RFLP( Hamidinejat et al.,2015)
-Occurrence of Sarcocystis cruzi in cattle of Santa
Catarina,Brazil (Marques et al.,2018)
-Prevalence and intensity of Sarcocystis spp.infection
in animals saughtered for food in
Lithuania(Butkaukas et al., 2019)

21. Conclusion
• Sarcocytis is a protozoan parasite that has
indirect life cycle found in muscles of
intermediate host and intestines of final host
,Avoiding contact between them would be
prior method to control Sarcocytis .

22. REFERENCES
• https://doi.org/10.17221/151/2017-VETMED
• ISSN:2362-1303(Paper) eISSN:2362-
1311(online)
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.4105
• Savini,G. et al.(1997) Prev. Vet. Med
• Images from – instagram @meatinspection Dr.
Mirjalal Seyedrasouli
www.images.google.com

23. Be Aware,Thank You