OUTLINES 1.Define disaster. 2.Types of disaster. 3.Phases of disaster and disaster management. 4.Consequences of disaster. 5.Disaster Nursing and role of nurses. 6.Disaster in Pakistan. 7.Conclusion

1. 6/2/2021 1

2. 6/2/2021 2
Group#08
Presented by
N/C H.Sammer Rasheed
4th Year Generic BSc
Institute of Nursing
Lahore medical college
DISASTER NURSING

3. OUTLINE
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• Define disaster.
• Types of disaster.
• Phases of disaster and disaster management.
• Consequences of disaster.
• Disaster Nursing and role of nurses.
• Disaster in Pakistan.
• Conclusion

4. INTRODUCTION
Disaster means
Dus = bad aster = star
The root of the word Disaster (bad stars
in Greek) comes from an astrological sense of a
calamity blamed on the position of planets.
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5. DISASTER
“Disaster means that any occurrence that causes
damage, ecological disruption , loss of human life or
damage to health and health services on a scale
sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from
outside the affected community or area”
(WHO, 1995)
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6. DISASTER ALPHABETICALLY MEANS
• D- destructions
• I- incidents
• S- sufferings
• A- administrative, financial failures
• S- sentiments
• T- tragities
• E- eruptions of communicable diseases
• R- research programs and its implementation.
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7. TYPES OF DISASTER
• Meteorological
• Topographical
• Environmental
Natural Disasters
• Technological
• Industrial
• warfare
Man Made
Disasters
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8. NATURAL DISASTERS
Meteorological
• Floods
• Tsunami
• Cyclones
• Hurricane
• Typhoon
• Snow Strom
Topographical
• Earthquake
• Volcanic
Eruption
• Landslides &
Avalanches
Environmental
• Global
warming
• Ozone
Depletion
• UV
Radiations
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9. 6/2/2021 9

10. 6/2/2021 10

11. MAN MADE DISASTER
TECHNOLGICAL
• Transport
Failure
• Public
place
Failure
• Fire
INDUSTRIAL
• Chemical
Spills
• Radioactive
Spills
WARFARE
• War
• Terrorism
• Internal
conflicts
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12. 6/2/2021 12

13. PHASES OF DISASTER
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Pre
impact
phase
• Disaster prevention and education
Impact
phase
• Information collection and disaster mitigation
Post
impact
phase
• Long term Rehabilitation following a disaster

14. PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER NURSING
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1. Rapid assessment of the situation.
2. Triage and initiation of life-saving measures.
3. The selected use of essential nursing interventions.
4. Adaptation of necessary nursing skills to disaster.
5. Evaluation of the environment and the mitigation.
6. Prevention of further injury or illness.
7. Leadership in coordinating patient triage, care,
and transport.

15. CONT…
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8. The teaching, supervision, and utilization of
medical personnel and volunteers.
9. Provision of understanding, compassion and
emotional support to all victims and their
families.

16. PHASES OF DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
Disaster Preparedness
Disaster Impact
Disaster Response
Disaster Recovery
Disaster Mitigation
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17. DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
1.Community awareness and education
2.Proper warning system
3.Mutual aid arrangement
4.Drill and training practice.
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18. DISASTER IMPACT
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19. DISASTER RESPONSE
It involves measures taken in anticipation of
,during and immediately after a disaster to ensure that
the effects are minimized.
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20. MEDICAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH
RESPONSE
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21. CONT…
TRIAGE: French word meaning selection
and classification. Assigning priority for
treatment and transport on the basis of severity
of injuries and likelihood of survival when
resources are insufficient for all to be treated
immediately
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22. Red
High priority
Black
Dead Patients
Yellow
Medium Priority
Green
Ambulatory
Patients
Triage
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23. DISASTER RECOVERY
It involve measures, which support emergency
affected areas in reconstruction of the physical
infrastructure and restoration of economic and
emotional well being.
n reconstruction of the physical infrastructure
and restoration of economic and emotional well
being.
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24. DISASTER MITIGATION
Permanent reduction of risk of a disaster, to limit
impact on human suffering and economic assets.
• Primary mitigation - reducing hazard &
vulnerability.
• Secondary mitigation- reducing effects of
hazard.
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25. CONSEQUENCES OF DISASTER
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• Physical : Injuries ,Disability, Coma ,Death.
• Psychological: Cognitive, Behavioral
• Ecological: Changes in Eco system.
• Economical: Financial losses.

26. ROLE OF NURSES
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Disaster preparedness, including risk assessment and
multidisciplinary management strategies at all system levels
is critical to the delivery of effective responses to the short,
medium and long term health needs of disaster stricken
population.
International Council of nurses(2006)

27. CONT ...
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• Determine magnitude of the event.
• Define health needs of the affected groups.
• Establish priorities and objectives.
• Identify actual and potential public health problems.
• Determine resources needed to respond.
• Collaborate with other health care professionals.
• Maintain a unified chain of command.
• Communication.

28. MAJOR DISASTER IN PAKISTSAN
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Event Disaster Location Date Affected Death
1935 Quetta
earthquake
Earthquake Quetta May 31, 1935 60,000
1945
Balochistan
earthquake
Earthquake/
Tsunami
Makran Nov 27, 1945 4,000
1974 Hunza
earthquake
Earthquake
Northern
Areas
Dec 28, 1974 97,000 5,300
Wind storm Karachi Dec 15, 1965 10,000
Earthquake Muzaffarabad Oct 8, 2005 2,500,000 78,000
Flood Jul/Aug 2010 20,000,000

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2008 Earthquake

30. CONCLUSION
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Disaster management is a multi-sectorial coordination
system based on daily utilized procedures, managed by
skilled persons in order to maximize the use of existing
resources; provide prompt and adapted care to the
victims; ensure emergency services and hospital return
to routine operations as soon as possible.

31. REFERENCES
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• Marquis, L. B., N & Huston, C. D.(2006). Leadership
roles and management functions in nursing: “Theory &
Application.”
• Sullivan, E. J., & Decker, P J. (2005). Effective leadership
and management in nursing(6th ed.)

32. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
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