This document discusses stress management and provides information on stress, causes of stress, and models of stress. It defines stress management as controlling and reducing tension in stressful situations through emotional and physical changes. Stress management is important for better health, relationships, and life. Causes of stress include feeling pressure, facing big changes, worries, lack of control, and discrimination. Two models of stress are described: the transactional model which views stress as interactions between a person and their environment, and the health realization model which sees stress resulting from negative thought patterns rather than external stressors.
3. WHAT IS STRESS MANAGEMENT?
Stress is any circumstance that places special physical and/or psychological
demands on a person such that an unusual or out-of-the- ordinary response occurs.
• Stress management involves controlling and reducing the tension that occurs in
stressful situations by making emotional and physical changes. The degree of
stress and the desire to make the changes will determine how much change takes
place.
• Stress management gives you a range of tools to reset and to recalibrate your
alarm system. It can help your mind and body adapt (resilience). Without it, your
body might always be on high alert. Over time, chronic stress can lead to serious
health problems.
4. IMPORTANCE OF STRESS MANAGEMENT:
• For a better life; learning stress management skills and applying them to everyday
life helps a person take control of his or her life.
• To Improve health; constantly being under stress affects your health. It is
important to identify and treat stress at an early stage in order to lead a healthy
life.
• To Strengthen formal relationships; it takes no time for relationships to collapse
under stress, it affects human behaviour and hence the people of the
organization won’t be able to socialize and it might affect the overall results of
the organization.
5. CAUSES OF STRESS:
• Feel under lots of pressure.
• Face big changes in your life.
• Are worried about something.
• Don’t have much or any control over the outcome of a situation.
• Have responsibilities that you find overwhelming.
• Don’t have enough work, activities or change in your life.
• Experience discrimination, hate or abuse.
• Are going through a period of uncertainty.
6. TYPES OF STRESS MODELS:-
1. Transactional Model ;
The Transactional Model of Stress and Coping, proposed by Lazarus and Folkman (1984),
contended that a person’s capacity to cope and adjust to challenges and problems is a
consequence of transactions (or interactions) that occur between a person and their environment.
The transactional model describes the way in which you can use transactions in message flows to
accomplish certain tasks and results.
A message flow consists of the following constituent parts:
1. An input source.
2. The message flow or logic, which is defined by a sequence of nodes.
3.Zero or more external resources that are accessed during the flow.
7.
8. 2. Health realization/innate health model:
Health realization/innate health model of stress is also founded on the idea that
stress does not necessarily follow the presence of a potential stressor. Instead of
focusing on the individual's appraisal of so-called stressors in relation to his or
her own coping skills (as the transactional model does), the health realization
model focuses on the nature of thought, stating that it is ultimately a person's
thought processes that determine the response to potentially stressful external
circumstances. In this model, stress results from appraising oneself and one's
circumstances through a mental filter of insecurity and negativity, whereas a
feeling of well-being results from approaching the world with a "quiet mind,"
"inner wisdom," and "common sense".
This model proposes that helping stressed individuals understand the nature of
thought--especially providing them with the ability to recognize when they are
in the grip of insecure thinking, disengage from it, and access natural positive
feelings--will reduce their stress.
