Presentation before the 5th ICLESS conference November 11th 2023, Kupang, Indonesia

1. Shaping the Future of
ELT in Industry 5.0:
Setting our Compass
Robert J. Dickey
Keimyung University, S. Korea

2. WARNING !
Elicitation Ahead!

3. Preview
1. Framing the Issue
• Industry 5.0 ?
• Education & ELT + Technology
2. The role(s) of technology
 Terrors, Toys, or Tools?
3. Beyond Technology
 A new generation of learning & learners

4. Industrial “Revolutions”
1780 1890 1975 2000 2020

5. Education Metaphor

6. Education Metaphor
Fountain of Knowledge?

7. Education Metaphor
Fountain of Knowledge?

8. The Compass Metaphor

9. The Compass Metaphor

10. The Vocationalization of
Education
• Defining “education” in the 19th century
as dabbling in the Humanities
–Studying ancient Greek & Latin
–Taking “The Grand Tour”
–Reading Alfred Lord Tennyson
–Broader “Awareness”
–Engineering & Medicine as lower class

11. The Vocationalization of
Education
• Targeting “education” in the 21st
century as improving economics
–Finding a better job
–Taking commercial exams
–Addressing corporate/societal needs
–“Tech,” Foreign Language, “skills”
–Humanities “a waste of time”

12. The Teacher’s Mandate

13. The Teacher’s Mandate
• Empowering or disabling?
• Preparing for the Future or living in the past?
• Allowing Experimentation by learners
• Fostering Mature behavior
• Encouraging Inquisitiveness
• “Teaching the Curriculum”

14. The Teacher’s Mandate
• Empowering or disabling?
• Preparing for the Future or living in the past?
• Allowing Experimentation by learners
• Fostering Mature behavior
• Encouraging Inquisitiveness
• “Teaching the Curriculum”
• Where can Technology fit in?

15. Learning Objectives
• In your classroom?

16. Learning Objectives
• According to the curriculum / coursebook
• Today, and this moment? (in your lesson
plan?)
• A defined skill, knowledge, intelligence
• “Communicative Competence”
• To speak, to write?
• Ability to recite Tennyson from memory?
• Construe sentence grammar?

17. Methodologies
• Grammar Translation Method
• Audio-Lingual Method
• Direct Method / variants
• 1960s Reactionary Approaches
• Task-Based (and project based)
• Content-based/CLIL (for materials)
• Technology (CALL, MALL, etc) is NOT

18. A Broad View of Technology

19. A Broad View of Technology

20. A Broad View of Technology

21. A Broad View of Technology
• Chalkboard (green vs. black vs. white)
• E-board
• Room fixtures
• Textbook
• The Student’s Brain
• Recordings
• Posters/Photos
• Realia
• “Digital”

22. Technology: Bane or Boon?

23. Alan Maley’s 1997 KOTESOL
Conference Presentation
“Technology, Bane or Boon?”
- asking two general questions
1. is it feasible?
2. is it valuable? (worth the effort)

24. Why Teachers’ Technology?
• the use of technology has
to be in the best interests
of the learners, and not
purely in the interests of
technology
A. Maley, 1997

25. Why Teachers’ Technology?
• the use of technology has
to be in the best interests
of the learners, and not
purely in the interests of
technology
A. Maley, 1997
• (And, may I add, not merely in a
teacher’s own interest in technology)

26. Fear of Technology?

27. Fear of Technology?

29. Fear of Technology?

30. Blended Learning?

31. Blended Learning?

32. Blended Learning?

33. Blended Learning?
Modality
or content
or skills?

34. A place for Technology
• In-class options
• “Homework” explorations (web-tasks)
• “virtual” classroom (Our Covid experience)

35. Is mastering various
technologies a learning
objective?

36. Social Aspects of Tech

37. A different perspective on
Industry 5.0
• 1st: mechanical - the factory (textiles)
• 2nd: electrical - the moving assembly line, mass
production (cars)
• 3rd: digital - ICT, automation (computers)
• 4th: connected - IoT, Big Data & AI, Metaverse
• 5th: “human-centeredness,”
“sustainability,” “virtual teams”
(brain-computer interfaces)

38. Artificial Intelligence

39. Artificial Intelligence
• Isn’t

40. Artificial Intelligence
• Isn’t (yet?) creative?

41. Artificial Intelligence
• Isn’t.
• … yet “intelligence”?
• … wholly artificial (yet)
• Is it plagiarism?
• Is it “correct” (or perhaps, lacking
proper citations?)

42. But what if ???
… we define the 5th revolution as
“a marriage of the strengths of humans
and technology” --
• human-centeredness
• sustainability
• virtual teams (brain-computer interfaces)
Tools, not Toys or Terrors.

43. AI, Chat GPT, Grammarly…
• As a “tool”

44. AI, Chat GPT, Grammarly…
• Is using a tool Cheating?
Or “working smarter”?

45. AI, Chat GPT, Grammarly…
• Is using a tool Cheating?
Or “working smarter”?
• What will our learners need & use
post-schooling?

46. After Generation X and Y (“Millennials”)
• Gen Z (b. 1997-2012) &
Gen Alpha (b. 2013-__)
• “The Automation Generation”
–AI replaces entry-level roles
–Need for “soft skills” + know-how
https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/focus-
employability-ai-takes-graduate-roles-says-report
New Age Learners?

47. Let’s remember that tool…

48. Hope this Helps!
Robert J. Dickey
Keimyung University
Daegu, S. Korea
robertjdickey@yahoo.com
https://www.slideshare.net/RobertDickey
Shaping the Future of ELT in Industry 5.0:
Setting our Compass