American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) presentation

1. .
Welcome
to
Our Presentation
Course Instructor : RETHWAN FAIZ

2. .
• Group members…………
• ## Hossain,md.riaz ----------------------- 13-24434-2
• ##Jesan,Jahidur rahman ------------------- 13-24453-2
• ## Puja,ananya dey ----------------------- 13-24322-2
• ## Hosssain md rubayet------------------- 13-25385-3
• ## Rakin farhan tanvir --------------------- 13-25389-3

3. Topic…………….

4. .
• There are many types of remote controls on the market
today. Below is a list and description of the most
common types of remote controls system.
• Infrared (IR)
• Radio Frequency (RF)
• Wi-Fi
• Combination - IR, RF, Wi-Fi and wired
• Remote control type subcategory

5. INFRARED (IR) …………..

6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

7. Working process……………….
• Buttons
• Integrated circuit
• Button contacts
• Light-emitting diode (LED)
• You push the "volume up button on your remote control The
integrated circuit detects this.

8. .
• The integrated circuit sends the binary "volume
up" command to the LED at the front of the
remote.
• The LED sends out a series of light pulses that
corresponds to the binary "volume up" command..

9. .
• transmit‐side there is just the need for a very simple
microcontroller. The number of required input and output
pins is basically defined by the number of buttons on the
controller.
• The IR‐LED is simply connected to one of the output pins
of the microcontroller directly or in some cases driven by
an additional transistor stage.

10. .
• As a time‐base a crystal is rather over engineered; most
designs rely on a cheap ceramic resonator or even a
RC‐oscillator with rather poor frequency stability (up to
+/‐5%may be tolerated by the receiver).
• Disposal batteries are the first choice for the power
supply.
• As the dimensions of the remote controller case are
mainly defined by the number of buttons and ergonomic
aspects there is enough space for cheapest AA‐ or
AAA‐cells.

11. .
• On the component side, the infrared receiver sits on the
front of the device where it can easily see the signal
coming from the remote control.
• When the infrared receiver on the TV picks up the signal
from the remote and verifies from the address code that
it's supposed to carry out this command, it converts the
light pulses back into the electrical signal for 001 0010. It
then passes this signal to the microprocessor, which goes
about increasing the volume. The "stop" command tells
the microprocessor it can stop increasing the volume.

12. .
• Its output is already a digital signal with clean edges for easy
protocol handling by a microcontroller. As the data rate on
infrared is rather low (approximately 500 to 1000 bit per
second) a microcontroller which is anyway in the receiving
device may handle the IR‐reception as a side task by simply
measuring the time distance between edges using a timer. The
real design challenge is the power supply concept since the
remote control receiver must remain active even in stand‐by
mode of the system.

13. Radio frequency control…………

14. .
Since most of the
encoders/decoders/microcontroll
ers are TTL compatible, most of
the inputs by the user will be
given in TTL logic level. Thus,
this TTL input is to be converted
into serial data input using an
encoder or a microcontroller.
This serial data can be directly
read using the RF Transmitter,
which then performs modulation
on it and transmit the data
through the antenna.

15. • Inside transmitters are wires that allow negatively charged particles, called electrons, to flow
through them, which makes an electrical current. When current flows within a wire, it
generates an electromagnetic field around the wire. This electromagnetic field radiates out of
the antenna in all directions, creating invisible radio waves.

16. • In the receiver side, the
RF Receiver receives the
modulated signal through
the antenna, performs all
kinds of processing,
filtering, demodulation,
etc and gives out a serial
data. This serial data is
then converted to a TTL
level logic data, which is
the same data that the
user has input.
.

18. Wi-fi……….

19. .
• A wireless network uses radio waves, just like cell phones, televisions
and radios do. In fact, communication across a wireless network is a
lot like two-way radio communication. Here's what happens:
• A computer's wireless adapter translates data into a radio signal and
transmits it using an antenna.
• A wireless router receives the signal and decodes it. The router sends
the information to the Internet using a physical, wired Ethernet
connection.
• The process also works in reverse, with the router receiving
information from the Internet, translating it into a radio signal and
sending it to the computer's wireless adapter.
• The radios used for WiFi communication are very similar to the
radios used for walkie-talkies, cell phones and other devices. They
can transmit and receive radio waves, and they can convert 1s and 0s
into radio waves and convert the radio waves back into 1s and 0s. But
WiFi radios have a few notable differences from other radios:

20. .
• They transmit at frequencies of 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz. This frequency is
considerably higher than the frequencies used for cell phones, walkie-
talkies and televisions. The higher frequency allows the signal to
carry more data.
• They use 802.11 networking standards, which come in several
flavors:
• 802.11a transmits at 5 GHz and can move up to 54 megabits of data
per second. It also uses orthogonal frequency-division
multiplexing (OFDM), a more efficient coding technique that splits
that radio signal into several sub-signals before they reach a receiver.
This greatly reduces interference.
• 802.11b is the slowest and least expensive standard. For a while, its
cost made it popular, but now it's becoming less common as faster
standards become less expensive. 802.11b transmits in the 2.4 GHz
frequency band of the radio spectrum. It can handle up to 11 megabits
of data per second, and it uses complementary code keying (CCK)
modulation to improve speeds.

21. Combination - IR, RF, and wi-fi…..
• Combination Technology remote controls take several of the
typical control technologies and combine them into a single
remote control. This is usually done for very specific
applications. For consumer devices there are 'repeater'
systems available that will see an infrared code from a
remote control, and then repeat the same signal through the
repeater device (through a wall or cabinet) and then convert
the signal back into IR to transmit to the device. Some of
these repeater devices can also be used with RF remote so
that the receiver is located behind a cabinet. In these
applications it might be advantageous to have a remote
control that will transmit IR signals to line-of-site devices in
a room, but also transmit RF signals to devices in another
room or located behind a cabinet yet connected to an RF to
IR repeater.

22. REMOTE CONTROL TYPE SUBCATEGORY
• Dedicated Remote Control
• Universal Library or Universal Device Remote
Control
• Learning Remote Control
• Programmable Remote Control

23. Uses……
• Infrared (IR)
• Line of sight
• Less Expensive
• Battery life
• Limited Regulatory Requirements
• Common Device
• Radio Frequency (RF)
• No line-of-sight required
• Greater Distance

24. .
• Wi-fi
• Using a remote control, or remote-control-like device (such as a
smartphone ) with Wi-Fi capabilities allows for connecting to a Wi-Fi
network and therefore communicating with any device also connected
to the same network. Control can be inside a home or business, or,
over the Internet. Communication with another device set up on the
network will need to be preprogrammed and the controlled device
will also be required to be connected to the same Wi-Fi network.