3. Introduction
Media are meant for broadcasting and publishing
information. These media are defined as transmitters of
information which are considered as “carriers of messages
from some transmitting source (which may be a human
being or an inanimate object) “to the receiver of the
message” Media includes the means to create, store and
present instructional content including tools such as chalk
and talk, books and computers, slide projectors, video
projection, document cameras, audio and video systems,
etc. Each medium has its own unique characteristic and
essential pedagogical implications which is selected
according to the learners’ need and instructional objectives.
In multi media approach, different media (new and/or old)
are integrated together for better teaching and learning. It
is defined as the presentation of instruction that involves
more than one delivery media, presentation mode and/or
sensory modality.
4. Multimedia Approach
Multimedia approach to teaching – learning may be
referred to the use of appropriate and carefully selected
varieties of learning experiences which when presented to
the learner through selected teaching strategies, will
reinforce and strengthen one another in such a way that
the learner will achieve predetermined objectives in an
effective way. It is an approach of teaching in which
different mediums are incorporated to make the teaching-
learning more effective, enthusiastic, inspirational,
meaningful & interesting. It is one of the important
innovations in the field of education technology to
improve the process & product of education or teaching.
Definition
• Multimedia is the exciting combination of computer
hardware and software that allows you to integrate
video, animation, audio, graphics, and test resource
to develop effective presentations on an affordable
desktop computer (Fenrich, 1997).
Meaning
5. Multimedia is derived from the two words: Multi -
means many or multiple and Media - means a way of
conveying information. Thus multimedia means using
more than one media’. The teaching – learning process
carried out through a number of media is termed as
multimedia approach to education. It aims at providing
meaningful learning experience and thus improves the
process of teaching- learning.
Characteristics of Multimedia:
• Multimedia is the use of a number of media, devices and
techniques for teaching- learning.
• It is the contribution and net result of the researches and
experiments going on in the subject of education
technology for improving the process and products of the
act of teaching-learning.
• The variety of media are carefully selected as to prove
quite effective in providing learning experiences to the
learners for achieving the pre-determined teaching-
learning objectives.
6. • While selecting different media for adopting multimedia
approach it is cared that the presence of one must
increase the effect of others.
• It asks for the judicious and planned use of the
hardware and software available in the field of
educational technology.
• Several media and techniques can be effectively used as
appropriate vehicles for the needed communication of
ideas in the process of teaching-learning.
Nature of Multimedia Approach
• Multimedia approach uses a number of media,
devices, techniques, in the teaching learning process.
• Multimedia approach has come out of researches and
experiments in educational technology that have
been undertaken in order to improve the process of
teaching learning.
• Multimedia approach aims at providing meaningful
learning experiences via a mix of media in order to
achieve predetermined objectives.
7. • The choice of the media has to be done carefully so
that one does not hamper or reducethe effect of the
other i.e. each media must complement he after.
• The media have to used sequentially and judiciously.
Only necessary ones are to be used.Then it would be
possible to make optimum use of them in a most
economical manner.
• In multimedia approach, several media and
techniques are used as powerful means of
communication.
Role of Teacher in Multimedia Approach
The teacher has to make a lot of modifications and
adjustment if he has to adopt multimedia approach. His
role would have a different connotation compared to
the traditional role.
• The teacher has to adopt a number of methods and
techniques.
• Teacher has to aware of the different available media
and their availability.
• Teacher should be physically competent to use and
demonstrate the use of the different media.
8. • Teacher should be skillful enough to make a judicious
choice of media and be competent enough to mix
them sequentially and in an orderly manner.
• Teacher’s role is that of facilitator or manager of
activities.
• Teacher has to lead his student for independent,
individualized learning.
• The teacher should provide experience such that
students can link practice and theory and integrate
them.
Advantages of Multimedia Techniques
• Make the teaching-learning process more effective,
meaningful, interesting & enthusiastic.
• It brings life into class room situations.
• It provides variety & flexibility to classroom learning.
• It helps to relieve the teachers from daily routine
work.
• It provides individualized instructions – Provides
opportunities to the learner to learn in his/her own
pace/speed.
• It also provides mass education – Provides
opportunity to educate a group of students at time.
9. • It helps to retain the information for a longer time in
our memory.
• It provides direct or firsthand experience to the
students.
• It motivates the learner for effective learning.
Disadvantage of the Multimedia Approach
• Requires highly sophisticated infrastructure facilities,
which may lead to heavy financial burden.
• Expertise and skill are required to operate the
multimedia devices, which will lead to the problem
of non-availability of human resources.
• Not feasible in the all topics of study.
Multisensory Approach
Multi sensory teaching technique means helping a
child to learn through more than one sense.
Teaching and learning should, therefore, make
effective use of the sensory functions of the child
10. to enhance educational impact. Multisensory
means just what it sounds like, using the visual,
aural, tactile, and kinaesthetic senses to teach.
Multi-sensory learning, as the name implies, is the
process of learning new subject matter through the
use of two or more senses. This may include
combining visual, auditory, tactile-kinaesthetic,
and/or even olfactory and taste.
Some of the multisensory techniques are
1. To stimulate visual reasoning and learning
• Text and/or pictures of paper, posters , models,
projection screens, computers or flash
• Use of color for highlighting, organizing
information or imagery
• Student created art, images, text, pictures and
video
2. Auditory techniques.
• Books on tape, peer assisted reading, paired
reading and computerized text readers.
11. • Video or film which accompanying audio
• Music, song, instruments, speaking, rhymes,
chants and language games
3. Tactile teaching methods
• Modeling materials such as clay and sculpting
materials
• Using small materials called manipulative to
represent number values to teach math skills.
• Textured objects, finger paints and puzzles to
improve fine motor skills.
4. Kinesthetic methods
• Games involving jumping rope, clapping or other
movements paired with white counting and
singing songs related to concepts.
• Any large movement activity for students
involving dancing, rhythmic recall and academic
competition such as quizzes, flash card races and
other learning games.
Advantages of using multi-sensory approach
12. Multisensory teaching techniques and strategies
stimulate learning by engaging students on multiple
levels. They encourage students to use some or all
their senses to:
• Provide direct experience
• Gather information about a task by linking
information to ideas they already know and
understand
• Perceive the logic involved in solving problems
• Learn problem solving tasks
• Tap into nonverbal reasoning skills
• Understand relationships between concepts
• Store information and store it for later recall
• Create interest in children for learning
• New things can be learned easily and can be
retained for a longer time.
• Provide clarity of concepts
• Creativity and thinking is enhances.
CONE OF EXPERIENCE
13. • Edgar Dale, the chief exponent of audio – visual
aids in teaching is the originator of ‘Cone of
Experience’ (1964).
• All the learning experiences which can be utilized
for classroom teaching are shown by Edgar Dale
in a pictorial device – ‘pinnacle form’ which he
called the ‘cone of experience’.
• As moving to the top of the pinnacle from its
base, every aid has been arranged in the order of
increasing abstractness or decreasing directness.
14. TELECONFERENCING
• Teleconferencing means telephone meeting
among two or more participants through a
telecommunication medium. It is a generic term for
linking people between two or more locations by
electronics.
• It consists of a live real time session between
multiple participants with the ability to hear and see
each other as well as share data and applications. It
is thought of as an aggregation of audio
conferencing, video conferencing and data
conferencing.
• Teleconferencing is an aggregation of audio
conferencing, video conferencing and data
conferencing and includes multiple participants in a
real time session.
Audio Teleconference: Voice-only; sometimes called
conference calling. Interactively links people in
remote locations via telephone lines. Meetings can
be conducted via audio conference.
15. Video Teleconference: Combines audio and video to
provide voice communications and
video images. It can display anything that can be
captured by a TV camera. The advantage is the
capability to display moving images.Video
conferencing is an effective way to use one teacher
who teaches to a number of sites. It is very cost
effective for classes which may have a small number
of students enrolled at each site.
SMART CLASSROOMS
Smart Classrooms are technology enhanced
classrooms that foster opportunities for teaching
and learning by integrating learning technology, such
as computers, specialized software, audience
response technology, assistive listening devices,
networking, and audio/visual capabilities.
Characteristics of a Smart Classroom
• Adaptive learning
• Collaborative learning
16. • Computing devices
• Mutual respect
• Performance-based assessments
• Student-centric
• Students take responsibility of their learning
• Students understand and follow the rules and
procedures
• There are fully multimedia enabled audio-visual
classrooms
• The upgraded kind of education
INTERACTIVE WHITEBOARDS
Interactive whiteboards are tools used commonly in
education that link a computer to a projector and a
touch-sensitive screen. This allows the user to
become a human input device and control the
computer functions via the touch screen, while
projecting the computer images on a large surface. It
is ideal for education settings.
• The interactive whiteboard allows a large group to
sit and participate comfortably in a
17. presentation as opposed to a group crowding around
a smaller computer screen.
• It can enhance any presentation or lesson by easily
integrating video, animation,
graphics, text and audio with the spoken
presentation.
• It displays material from a number source such as
CD-ROMs, websites, DVDs, VHS
tapes and television.
• Notes, diagrams and entire lessons or
presentations can be saved, archived and added
to the internet or disk. This means that presentation
or classwork in progress can be
saved ready for the next period or school day.
• Creates an environment of collaboration and
interaction, allowing the students to be
more engaged and therefore more likely to learn and
remember the information.
18. Advantages of Interactive Whiteboards
• Clear graphics
• Interactivity for teachers and students
• Projection of computer images on a larger
screen for audience viewing
• Manipulation of computer functions while
standing (rather than from the computer)
• Incorporation of video and images into
traditional teaching lessons.
19. Conclusion
Teachers at all levels of education no matter the
subject should always keep these in mind and
endeavour to apply the multi-sensory instructional
approach in presenting their instructional contents
in a classroom situation to take care of the
uniqueness of the individual learners. In this case, a
teacher should make use of various teaching
approaches such as audio-visual media (television),
dramatisation, maps, charts, demonstrations,
writing on chalkboard discussion, repletion and
PowerPoint presentation in presenting their lessons
so that learners of different learning abilities/styles
should be carried along. The use of these techniques
and media concomitant with multi-sensory
instruction go a long way in ensuring adequate
participation orderliness and discipline among
students which are the hallmarks for effective
classroom management.
