The document discusses various instructional aids used in classrooms including chalkboards, bulletin boards, peg boards, flannel boards, and magnetic boards. It also discusses different audiovisual aids like films, filmstrips, film slides, overhead projectors, television/videos, computers, and community resources like resource persons and field trips that can provide meaningful learning experiences outside the classroom.

2. - most widely used instructional aid
- In a classroom, there is usually one chalkboard in front
and another on a sidewall
- used for displaying pictures, important clippings,
drawings, sketches, and diagrams
The Types of Board Displays are:
A. Bulletin Board
B. Peg Board
C. Flannel Board
D. Magnetic Board
A. chalkboard/DISPLAYBOARD

3. FILM is the most influential and seductive educational medium
for transmitting ideas and persuading an audience to a point of
view.
FILM STRIPS is a series of pictures in a fixed sequence on a
strip of 33mm films for still projection.
FILM SLIDES are individual pieces of film for projection
mounted in cardboard or plastic frames, usually 2in/sq.
B. Films, filmstrips, andfilmslides

4. - projects images of transparencies on a
screen wall or chalkboard
C. Overheadprojector

5. TELEVISION is a medium of communication primarily used for
broadcasting visual impression of reality through space.
The research suggests that programs for the preschooler and
primary grade children such as “”Sesame Street” and “Electric
Company” are associated with improved cooperative behavior
and cognitive skills. However, most of the data suggests that for
upper elementary and secondary school students, watching more
than five hours a day is associated with the lower achievement in
reading and mathematics.
D. television,/video
system/tapes/printer/cassettes/games/disc

6. 1. ETV OR EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION refers to
the program produced for broadcasting on
commercial or public TV stations that are
intended to form and develop understanding.
FILIPINO PROGRAMS:
- SINE ISKWELA
- HIRAYAMANAWARI
- BAYANI
- MATH TINIK
Two types of tv programming that can be employedin
school

7. 2. INSTRUCTIONAL TELEVISION refers to the
program produced by schools to teach specific
skills and subject matter and for viewing in
school. Many commercial and public TV stations
produced programs where their own master
teachers teach number of classes simultaneously
by means of TV.
Television has a potential for adding to the
students’ knowledge. They can help the students to
learn so many things like current issues or events,
scientific advances, and others. To expose them to
dramatic and musical performance helps them to
become better acquainted with the leading figures in
the world of arts, science, politics, and business.

8. 3. VIDEO SYSTEM constitute another valuable tool
for instructional activities with the help of
technology. The video system makes it possible for
various audio visual experiences to be produced,
stored, and retrieved as needed.
VIDEO TAPES. Video tapes have many applications for
instruction, such as demonstration, explaining, recording, and
playing data. They can be used in classrooms, resource center,
and homes.
VIDEO CASSETTES. In collecting, storing, and reusing
materials, video cassettes are easier to use than tapes because
they are extremely lightweight and small. Their potential is
enormous, considering the low-cost of equipment needed to
record and play back the cassettes.

9. VIDEO DISC. Aside from videos, recordings are also made
on video disc, which resemble long-playing records, but have a
larger storage capacity and are not subject to damage while in
use.
Video disc are being used in the classroom despite the
cost. They are more expensive and can be used only by
professionals, and cannot be edited, but there’s still some
interesting disc that are useful for facilitating learning. These
are:
1. Knowledge Disc – this is based on the encyclopedia, with
32,000 entries and 9 million words (equivalent to 20 volumes
of encyclopedia)
2. Bioscience – this can accommodate about 6,000 still
images of animals and plants that can be used with daily
Biology and General Science lesson plans.
3. History Disc – this contains 40 important news-reel film
clips and several thousand trivia questions.

10. VIDEO PRINTERS is attached to the TV and produces a
postcard-size color print of almost anything you can see on the
screen. Video printers include not only regular broadcast TV,
but also teletext, video tape, video disc, or anything transmitted
through TV.
VIDEO GAMES. Any variety of electronic games produced
for a home TV, or computer display screen or for commercial
amusement arcades.

11. e. Computers
Computer literacy refers to knowledge of and
experience with computers. It includes familiarity with
computer hardware and software (programs) as well as
an understanding of the functions of computers in
carrying out various jobs, presenting day’s lesson,
solving problems and providing reaction.

12. The community offers many opportunities for providing
effective learning experiences. Both human expertise and
materials existing in the environment are good venues for gaining
meaningful experiences.
RESOURCE PERSON
The most important resource of a community is its
people. In any community there will always be individuals
who have special knowledge and skills that they can share
with students. When they are invited to school, they are called
Resource Persons. These persons can provide information not
otherwise readily available and provide help in specialized
projects, i.e. policemen, health officers, college teachers, the
mayors, hobbyists, business men, specialists, craftsmen, etc.
COMMUNITY RESOURCES

13. In preparing for a resource person in the
classroom, the teacher should see to it that:
1. The resource person to be invited is one who is unbiased and
can speak on the student’s level.
2. The resource person is briefed on what he is to talk about and
the purpose of the talk.
3. The students are prepared for the talk of the resource person.
They must know what to expect and what to look for.
4. A large portion of the time is given to discuss and the
students’ question.
5. A certificate of recognition letter from the class is presented
before the resource person leaves.

14. FIELD TRIPS
An activity wherein the group of students leave
the classroom and go out to gather firsthand information
about objects, places, people, or processes in order to
enrich their learning experiences.

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