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1. ED613 CLIMATE CHANGE and DISASTER RISK
Name: EMELYN E. ALOTA
Course:MAED-EE
St.no.:18-41472
INTRODUCTION OF IPCC
I.INTRODUCTION:
The IPCCjointlyestablishedby WorldMeteorological Society/Oraganization(WMO) andthe
UnitedNationEnvironmentProgramme(UNEP) in1988,the IntergovernmentalPanel onClimate
Change’s(IPPCC) mandate/objective is“toprovide the worldwithaclearscientificview onthe current
state of knowledgeinclimate change anditspotential environmentalandsocio-economicimpacts”.
The IPPCCis an organizationof governmentsthatare membersof the UnitedNationsorWMO. The
IPPCCcurrentlyhas195 members.
The unique powerof thisUN climate bodylies inthe breadthanddepthof itsclimate
assessmentreports:Thousandsof expertsfromaroundthe worldsynthesizethe latestscientific
findingsonthe impactsof and the potential responsestoclimate change withthe IPPCC’s
comprehensive AssessmentReportsreleasedeveryfive tosevenyears.
For the assessmentreports,IPPCCscientistvolunteertheirtime toassessthe thousandsof
scientificpaperspublishedeachyeartoprovide acomprehensive summaryof whatisknownabout
the driversof climate change,itsimpactsandfuture risks.Anopenand transparentreview byexperts
and governmentsaroundthe worldisanessentialpartof the IPPCCprocess,to ensure anobjective
and complete assessmentandtoreflecta diverse range of viewsandexpertise.Throughits
assessments,the IPPCCidentifiesthe strengthof scientificagreementindifferentareasandindicates
where furtherresearchisneeded.

2. DISCUSSION:
What is IntergovernmentalPanel onClimateChange orIPPCC?
IntergovernmentalPanel onClimateChange(IPCC)- isthe unitedNationbodyforassessingthe
science relatedtoclimate change.
The IPCC jointlyestablishedbyWorldMeteorological Society/Oraganization(WMO)
and the UnitedNationEnvironmentProgramme(UNEP) in1988,the IntergovernmentalPanel on
Climate Change’s(IPPCC)mandate/objective is“toprovide the worldwithaclearscientificview
on the currentstate of knowledge inclimatechange anditspotential environmental andsocio-
economicimpacts”.
The IPPCCis an organizationof governmentsthatare membersof the UnitedNationsorWMO.
The IPPCCcurrentlyhas195 members.
What is the role of IPCC?
 To assesson a comprehensive, objective, openandtransparentbasisthe scientific,
technical andsocio-economicinformationrelevanttounderstandingthe scientificbasis
of riskof human-inducedclimate change,itspotentialimpactsandoptionsforadaptation
and mitigation.
“IPPCCreportsshouldbe neutral withrespecttopolicy, althoughtheymayneedtodeal
objectively withscientific,technical andsocio-economicfactorsrelevanttothe applicationof
particularpolicies.”
REFLECTION:
The IPCC isveryhelpful tous,theyare the one whoassessthe science relatedto
climate change.Throughitsassessments,the IPCCdeterminesthe state of knowledge onclimate
change.Maybe we can helptoslowthe rapidnessof global warmingby reducingourgarbage
and separate them a bio-degradable andnon-biodegradablematerials.

3. Assessment:
1.What is IPCC?
2. What is the role of IPCC?
3.Whenit wasstablishedthe IPCC?
REFERENCES:
Htt://Ipcc.ch
www.Ipcc.ch
Ipcc.media@WMO.Int

4. THE THREE WORKING GROUPS OF IPCC
I. Introduction:
The IPCCworkis sharedamongthree WorkingGroups,a Task Force and a Task
Group. The activitiesof eachWorkingGroupand of The Task Force are coordinatedbya
Technical SupportUnit(TSU).
The IPCCWorkingGroup I(WGI) aimsat assessingthe physical scientificbasisof
the climate change.
The IPCCWorkingGroup II(WGII) assessesthe vulnerabilityof soci-economicand
natural systemstoclimate change.
The IPCCWorkingGroup IIIassesses optionsformitigatingclimate change
throughlimitingorpreventinggreenhousegasemissions.
II. Discussion:
WorkingGroup I dealingwith the Physical science basisof climate change.
Scientistsall overthe worldregularlyassessthe richbodyof scientificliterature,contributing
to an ever-strengtheningunderstandingof how the climate systemworks,andhow itis
changinginresponse tohumanactivity.
The scientifictopicsassessedbyWGIinclude:greenhouse gasesandaerosolsinthe
atmosphere;temperature changesinthe air,landandocean;the hydrological cycle and
changingprecipitation(rainandsnow) patterns;extreme weather;glaciersandice sheets;
oceansand sealevel;biogeochemistryandthe carboncycle;and climate sensitivity.The WGI
assessmentcombinesobservations,palaeoclimate,processstudies,theoryandmodellinginto
a complete picture of the climate systemandhow itischanging,includingthe attribution(or
causes) of change.
The WGI assessmentprovidesscientificinformationrelevantforthe global communityto
meetthe challenge of climate change.Aswell asthe global scale,WGIlooksat variabilityand
changeshappeningata regional level,whichiscloselytiedtohow impactsandrisksto human
and natural systemsare changingovertime.Thisis,inturn,relatestothe assessmentof WGII
and the needtodesigneffective climate change adaptationpolicies.Otherimportantpolicy
dimensionsof WGIare the assessmentof the amountof carbon emissionscompatible with
climate andenergytargets;interactionsbetweenlandandthe climate;andlinksbetween
climate andair quality.All of these aspectsare closelyconnectedwiththe assessmentof
WGIII andstrategiestomitigate againstthe impactsof climate change.

5. Workinggroup II dealingwithImpacts, adaptation and vulnerability.
The IPCC WorkingGroupII (WGII) assessesthe impactsof climate change,fromaworld-widetoa
regional viewof ecosystemsandbiodiversity,andof humansandtheirdiverse societies,culturesand
settlements.Itconsiderstheirvulnerabilitiesandthe capacitiesandlimitsof thesenatural andhuman
systemstoadapt to climate change andtherebyreduce climate-associatedriskstogetherwithoptions
for creatinga sustainable futureforall throughanequitable andintegratedapproachtomitigationand
adaptationeffortsatall scales.
WorkingGroup IIis ledbytwo Co-ChairsandeightVice-Chairswhichformthe WGIIBureau.WGII is
supportedbya Technical SupportUnit(TSU) locatedinBremen,Germany,andDurban,SouthAfrica.
WorkingGroup III dealingwiththe mitigationof climate change. Climate change mitigationis
achievedbylimitingorpreventinggreenhousegasemissionsandbyenhancingactivitiesthatremove
these gasesfromthe atmosphere.Greenhousegasescancome froma range of sourcesandclimate
mitigationcanbe appliedacrossall sectorsandactivities.These includeenergy,transport,buildings,
industry,waste management,agriculture,forestry,and otherformsof landmanagement.
WorkingGroup IIIsupportsthe IPCC’ssolution-orientedapproachbutdoesnotadvocate anyspecific
mitigationoptions.Ittakesbotha near-termperspective relevanttodecision-makersingovernment
and the private sectoranda long-termperspective thathelpsidentifyhow high-level climate policy
goalsmightbe met.WorkingGroup IIIaddressesall aspectsof mitigationincludingtechnical feasibility,
cost and the enablingenvironmentsthatwouldallow measurestobe taken up.Enablingenvironments
coverpolicyinstruments,governance optionsandsocial acceptability.Synergiesandtrade-offswith
adaptationmeasuresare of increasinginterestasare co-benefits,risksandlinkstosustainable
development.Tomeetthese needs,WorkingGroupIIIishighlyinterdisciplinaryincharacter.
WorkingGroup IIIis ledbytwoCo-Chairs,JimSkea,basedatImperial College London,andPRShukla,
basedat AhmedabadUniversity.Theyare supportedbysevenVice-chairsfromdifferentregionswho
make up the WorkingGroup IIIBureau.Bureaumembersprovide guidance tothe Panel onthe scientific
and technical aspectsof itswork,advise onrelatedmanagementandstrategicissues,andtake
decisionsonspecificissuessuchasthe selectionof authorsandreview editors.Theyalsooversee
scientificqualityandengageswiththe widerscientificcommunity,bothregionallyandgloballyThe Co-
chairsand Bureauare supportedbythe WorkingGroup IIITechnical SupportUnitwhichisco-locatedat
Imperial College andAhmedabadUniversity.

6. III.REFLECTION:
If we can’t dosomethingtoour motherearth,ourfuture generationwill be miserable.
That’s whythese three workinggroups determine the physical sciencebasis,the impacts,adaptation
and vulnerabilityandmitigationof climate change.The IPCCcreate these groupstolearnthe climate
change so that theystudyon whatishappeningtoour motherearthespeciallytodaythatwe are
experiencingglobal warming. Toreduce the global warmingwe canconserve energybybetter
insulatingourhomesandbuildings,andbyreplacingold,failingapplianceswithmore energy-
efficientmodels.we cancounterbalance ourannual carbondioxideemissionsbyinvestingin
commercial servicesthatdrawdownanequal amountof carbon out of the atmosphere,suchas
throughplantingtreesorcarbon capture and storage techniques.
IV.ASSESSMENT:
1. What are the three workinggroupsof the IPCC?3pts,)
2. How manyworkinggroupsof the IPCC?
3. What IPCCworkinggroupI assesses?
4. What IPCCworkingGroupII assesses?
5. What IPCCworkinggroupIIIassesses?

7. References:
Htt://Ipcc.ch
www.Ipcc.ch
Ipcc.media@WMO.Int