Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. In applying statistics to, e.g., a scientific, industrial, or social problem, it is conventional to begin with a statistical population or a statistical model process to be studied.This presentation will be helpful to learn much on satistics.

2.  Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis,
interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. It
is derived from the latin word ‘status’ meaning ‘a
political state’. Statistics is the study of numerical
information, which is called data.

3. Data in statistics can be classified into grouped data and
ungrouped data.
 Grouped Data: Grouped data is data that has been
organized into classes. Grouped data has been
classified and some data analysis has been done.
 Ungrouped Data: Ungrouped data is a data that has
not been organized into classes.

4.  Primary Data: When the information is collected by the
investigator with a definite objective in his/her mind,
the data obtained is primary data.
 Secondary Data: When the information is gathered
from a source which already had the information
stored, the data obtained is called secondary data.

5. 3 measures of central
tendency
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6.  The mean (also know as average), is obtained by
dividing the sum of observed values by the number of
observations, n.

7.  MERITS: It is easy to calculate and simple to understand. It is least
affected by the fluctuation of sampling. It is capable of being treated
mathematically and hence it is widely used in statistical analysis.
 DEMERITS: It can neither be determined by inspection or by
graphical location. ltcannot be computed for qualitative data like data
on intelligence honesty etc…

8.  The median is the middle value of a set of data
containing an odd number of values, or the average of
the two middle values of a set of data with an even
number of values. The median is especially helpful
when separating data into two equal parts.

9.  MERITS: Median values are always a certain specific value in the
series. It’s value is not destroyed by the extreme values of the
series.
 DEMERITS: When the median is located somewhere between the
two middle values, it remains only an approximate measure, not a
precise value.

10.  The mode of a set of data is the value which occurs
most frequently.

11.  MERITS: Mode can be located graphically, with the help of
histogram. Mode is very simple measure of central
tendency. Sometimes, just at the series is enough to
locate the model value. Because of its simplicity, it s a
very popular measure of the central tendency.
 DEMERITS: Mode is an uncertain and vague measure of
the central tendency. Unlike mean, mode is not capable
of further algebraic treatment.

12. o Mode= 3 Median - 2 Mean
o 3 Median= Mode + 2 Mean
o 2 Mean = 3 Median - Mode

13.  DONE BY: