The document discusses defibrillators, which are machines that deliver electric shocks to restore a heart to normal rhythm during cardiac arrest. It defines different types of defibrillators, including automated external defibrillators (AEDs) and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). The document explains that defibrillators work by charging a capacitor to a selected voltage and then delivering a prespecified amount of energy to the heart to check for and correct irregular heart rhythms. It notes advantages like use for all age groups and portability of AEDs, but also disadvantages such as potential error messages or failures to deliver shocks.

1. DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING
TOPIC:- DEFIBRILLATOR
NAME: ROGER LOKKU
CLASS: S.E
ROLL NO: 50

2. DEFIBRILLATOR
● A machine that sends a high energy electric shock through the heart is called
a defibrillator.
● This high energy electric shock is called defibrillation.
● This shock is given to restore a hearts normal working state if it goes into
cardiac arrest.
● Defibrillator are also known as:
● Automated External Defibrillator (AED)
● Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)
● Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator (WCD)

4. PRINCIPLE
● Defibrillators are energy-based machines.
● It charges a capacitor to a selected voltage.
● A prespecified amount of energy in joules is delivered.
● The amount of energy is dependent upon the selected voltage and the
transthoracic impedance (which varies by patient).

6. WORKING
● A defibrillator checks for arrhythmias, or irregular heart rhythms.
● Once detected, each defibrillator will send a shock to restore a normal
rhythm.

7. ADVANTAGES
● Defibrillators can be used for all age groups like- in children, teens, and
adults.
● The AED is compact, lightweight, portable, battery operated, safe, and easy
to use.
● AEDs save precious treatment time as over 95% of the victims lose their
lifes even before they reach the hospital.
● Modern AEDs prevents a shock to be delivered to a victim’s heart that has a
heartbeat.

8. DISADVANTAGES
● AEDs display error messages.
● They are unable to power up
● They fail to deliver shocks.
● Electrodes have to be maintained and regularly replaced.
● Malfunctioning resistors can lead to misdiagnosis of sudden cardiac arrest.
● Issues with battery management, recharging or accidental discharge.

9. REFERENCE
1. https://www.cardiacscience.co.uk/how-does-a-defibrillator-work/
2. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/defibrillators
3. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/basic-principles-and-technique-of-extern
al-electrical-cardioversion-and-defibrillation
4. https://www.cardiovascularbusiness.com/topics/coronary-intervention-surger
y/9-benefits-having-aed-workplace
5. https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/hr-topics/risk-management/pages/ae
ds-workplace-benefit-burden.aspx

10. THANK YOU.