1. Active Voice and passive Voice
A.Pradeepa Wijayanthi
B.Sc.Education ( Phillipine),
English Instructor
2. Active Voice and Passive Voice
Active and passive Voice
Voice
Active Passive
What subject does The focus is on the action
Teacher punished me.
I was punished by teacher.
3. structure
Active Voice
Subject + Verb + Object
He I
She Does We Do
It You
They
Passive Voice
Object + Be Verb + Verb 3 +By + Subject
I am
He
She Is
It Be verb + past participle
We
You are
They
4. Common Rules to transforming passive
Bring the object first.
choose correct “be” verb.
Change verb into participle.
Add by + subject.
She helps him
He is helped by her.
See how subject and object change
Active Passive
I me
We us
You you
He him
She her
It it
They them
5. How to change active into passive
Teacher punishes me.
Subject Verb object
I am punished by teacher.
Object Be verb verb3 Object
Verb 3 = Past participle
He helps her.
She is helped by him.
Kamal buys a pen.
A pen is bought by Kamal.
Teachers use modern technology to teach.
Modern technology is used to teach by teachers.
Someone follows us.
We are followed by someone.
6. If there are two objects use any
one
She tells us a story.
A story is told us by her Or
We are told a story by her.
Mother buys me a frock.
A frock is bought me by mother.
I am bought a frock by mother.
Model auxiliary verbs
Can, could, shall, should, may,
Might, will, would, must
She can speak Chinese.
Chinese can be spoken by her.
We must preserved the tigers.
Tigers must be preserved by us.
7. Must have, should have, could have,
might have, would have + verb 3 = active
Must have, should have, could have,
might have, would have + been + Verb 3
= passive voice
She should have stolen my pen.
My pen should have been stolen by
her.
They might have left any sign.
Any sign must have been left.
No need to add ‘by + sub’ if the
subject is
We, they, someone, somebody, none,
nobody, everybody, people
They have stolen my pen.
My pen has been stolen.
They must have left any sign.
Any sign must have been left.
8. Interrogative Form
They help us.
We are helped them.
Teacher explains lesson well.
Lesson is explained well by
teacher.
Police officer punishes them.
They are punished by police
officer.
Question Form
Do they help us?
Are we helped them?
Does teacher explain lesson well?
Is lesson explained well by
teacher?
Does police officer punish them?
Are they punished by police
officer?
9. Negative Form
She does not write a letter.
A letter is not written by her.
The government does not increase
price of fuel.
Price of fuel is not increased by the
government.
Woman does not spread gossips.
Gossips are not speeded by women.
Negative Question Form
Doesn’t she write a letter?
Isn’t a letter written by her?
Doesn’t the government increase
price of fuel?
Isn’t price of fuel increased by the
government?
Doesn’t women spread gossips?
Aren’t gossips speeded by women?
10. • She writes poems beautifully.
• Poems are beautifully written by
her.
• Beautifully adverb goes just
before past participle.
• He handles the load carefully.
• The load is carefully handle by
him.