How do business generate revnues

1. INNOVATIVE
BUSINESS
MODELS
PRACHI
PAWAIYA
10

2. BROKERAGE MODEL
PayPal Holdings, Inc. is an American
company operating a worldwide online
payments system. Online money transfers
serve as electronic alternatives to traditional
paper methods like checks and money
orders. Its revenue comes from brokerage for each of
the transactions-commerce companies can use
PayPal to integrate to there website and for
every transaction that takes place, PayPal will
take a commission out of it.
This commission can be anywhere in the range
of 1%-5% or more depending on the volume of
transaction that happens over website. For
money transfers also, PayPal relies solely on the
commission charges.
eBay Inc. is an American multinational
corporation and e-commerce company,
providing consumer to consumer &
business to consumer sales services via
Internet.
eBay does not have inventory like
Amazon.com. It only provides
technology platforms and tools for e-
commerce. eBay has various reveanue
model, it earns transaction fee from
owning PayPal, an online paying
service system for users to buy items
online more conveniently. eBay
also gains sales from the service of
listing customer’s product to be sold to
other users as well as some
advertisement fee. eBay generated
overall revenue around $6 billion from

3. ADVERTISING MODEL
Google Inc. is an American multinational
technology company specializing
in Internet-related services and products.
These include online
advertising technologies, search, cloud
computing, and software. Most of its
profits are derived from AdWords, an
online advertising service that places
advertising near the list of search
results. Google has multiple revenue models. it earns profit from
advertising fees, such as AdWords, a pay per click
advertising programme which allows advertiser shows
relevant or related advertisement from what users searching
for. As you can see, AdWords also generates affiliates fee for
google.
Google also have another revenue model which also an
advertising from call AdSense. Website owners can enroll in
the programme to enable text and video advertisements. This
has same concept as pay per click, advertisers are required
to pay google a fee for each time a user clicks on
advertisement.

4. ADVERTISING MODEL
Yahoo Inc. (styled as Yahoo!) is an
American multinational technology
company headquartered in Sunnyvale, California.
It is globally known for its Web portal, search
engine Yahoo! Search and related services,
including Yahoo! Directory, Yahoo! Mail, Yahoo!
News, Yahoo! Finance, Yahoo! Groups, Yahoo!
Answers, advertising, online mapping, video
sharing, fantasy sports and its social
media website. It is one of the most popular sites
in the United States
We recognize revenues from display advertising on Yahoo! Properties and
on
Affiliate sites as “impressions” are delivered or when qualifying actions
are performed by the user. An “impression” is delivered when an
advertisement appears on a page viewed by users. We also recognize
revenues from search
advertising on Yahoo! Properties and on Affiliate sites. We recognize
revenues from these arrangements as “click-throughs” occur. A “click-
through” occurs when a user clicks on an advertiser’s listing.

5. MERCHANT MODEL
Amazon.com, Inc., often
referred to as simply
Amazon, is an American
electronic commerce and
cloud computing company
with headquarters in Seattle,
Washington. It is the largest
Internet-based retailer in the
United States.
Often touted as the largest online retailer in the world, Amazon operates
under a business model with many moving parts. First and foremost, the
company sells goods directly. A percentage of products are offered to
buyers through Amazon's online storefront with a small markup, and
inventory is kept in the company's large network of warehouses. Most
consumers visit the company's site assuming its products are less
expensive and readily available for purchase and shipping.
In addition to direct sales, Amazon provides a platform for other retailers
to sell products to buyers. Products sold through Amazon's partner
retailers are often less common items or those with a higher purchase
price, allowing Amazon to avoid holding slow-moving inventory that could
dilute profit. The iTunes Store, originally the iTunes
Music Store, is a software-based
online digital media store operated
by Apple Inc. It opened on April 28,
2003, and has been the largest music
vendor in the United States since April
2008 Apple is marketing it aggressively
- the first three months of the
service will be offered for free
once it launches on June 30. After
the first three months, it will cost
$9.99 a month, or $14.99 a month
for a family package of up to six
people.

6. FRANCHISE MODEL
What started as innovation in 1942 is now
an inseparable part of our daily lives.
Enlighting, Educating and Empowering the
women across the globe. With hundreds of
product of every range, you’re spoilt of
choices.
Tupperware is a $2.6 billion global firm with 13,500
employees in nearly 100 countries. Its stock price has risen
168 percent over the last five years, compared with virtually
no gain for the stock market as a whole. I met with recently
with CEO Rick Goings in New York City, where he
demonstrated some of the company's latest products,
discussed changing consumer tastes and offered ideas about
what's wrong with the U.S. economy.
Adidas AG is a German
multinational corporation that
designs and manufactures sports
shoes, clothing and accessories. The
company is based in
Herzogenaurach, Bavaria,
Germany.
The company sells sports shoes, apparel, and equipment sporting its iconic three-
stripe logo in 160 countries. The #2 sporting goods manufacturer (behind NIKE)
focuses on football, soccer, basketball, running, and training gear and apparel as
well as lifestyle goods including SLVR and Y-3 fashion brands. Adidas wholesale
division gets Adidas and Reebok products to retailers while the retail group runs its
own 2,445 Reebok and Adidas shops. Other businesses include TaylorMade-Adidas
Golf, and Reebok-CCM Hockey. Founder Adi Dassler, brother of PUMA creator Rudi,
began making shoes in the early 1920s.

7. MERCHANT MODEL
Dell Inc. is an American privately
owned multinational computer technology company
based in Round Rock, Texas, United States, that
develops, sells, repairs, and supports computers and
related products and services
It also markets third-party software and
hardware. The company's services unit provides
asset recovery, financing, infrastructure
consulting, support, systems integration, and
training, as well as hosted IT services. Dell was
taken private in 2013 in a deal valued at nearly
$25 billion. Two years later, Dell agreed to
acquire EMC, which makes computer storage
systems, for $67 billion, the biggest pure
technology deal.
Sony Mobile Communications Inc. is a multinational mobile phone
manufacturing company jointly headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, and Lund,
Sweden, and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sony Corporation.
Sony bought out Ericsson's50% stake in the joint venture for about €1
billion in 2012, at which point the business was renamed Sony Mobile
Communications. Its flagship smartphone, the Xperia Z, is now sold in 60
countries.

8. COMMUNITY MODEL
Wikipedia is a free access, free-content internet encyclopedia, supported
and hosted by the non-profit Wikimedia foundation. Those who can access
the site can edit most of its articles.
Wikipedia survives because people contribute to it -- but the important
"contributions" are time, research, and collaborative practices, not dollars.
The amount of money required to keep Wikipedia running is tiny -- about
$3 million. (Compare that to just the advertising budget of Google, about $2
BILLION.) There is little concern about Wikipedia having enough money to
stay online, it is inexpensive and well loved. The more significant concerns
are around social dynamics and collaborative practices.
Facebook is an online social networking service headquartered in Menlo
park California Its website was launched on February 4, 2004, by Mark
Zuckerberg with his Harvard College roommates and fellow
students Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris
Hughes.The revenue earned by Facebook in 2014 is-US$12.466 billion Facebook’s
single most important revenue channel is advertising. The company has
always been ad supported and most likely will always be ad supported. The
largest chunk of Facebook’s advertising revenue is the company’s self-
serve advertising platform.. Facebook currently generates a large amount
of revenue from the Facebook Gift shops a product which enables users to

9. FREEMIUM MODEL
Gaana.com is a commercial music streaming service providing free and
licensed music. It was launched in April 2010 by Times Internet and
provides both Indian and international music content. The entire Indian
music catalog is available to users worldwide, but only users in India have
access to international music the moment they generate revenues through
limited advertising on their platforms. They are looking at premium
functionalities and potentially partnering with tecom operators. and upsell
caller ringback tones to users as they listen to songs.
When they mention tie ups with record labels and aggregators, they
usually will work on a "per play cost" or "minimum guarantee paid per
contact term"
Developed by True Software Scandinavia AB, "Truecaller" finds
contact details globally given name or telephone number, and has
an integrated caller ID service to achieve call-blocking
functionality and social media integration to keep the phonebook
up-to-date with pictures and birthdays.
According to Truecaller - Caller ID & Block (for
Android) Truecaller offers a premium service for USD 2.99 per
month.
They seem to collect the social data of people in exchange for the
free version of their apps, and then use that knowledge (mapping
of your name to your phone number) to earn money on the

10. AFFILIATE MODEL
Amazon.com, Inc., often referred to as simply Amazon, is an American
electronic commerce and cloud computing company with headquarters in
Seattle, Washington. It is the largest Internet-based retailer in the United
States.
Clickbank aside, the first affiliate program/marketplace new Internet
marketers and bloggers normally think of is none other than Amazon
Associates. After all – it makes sense. Amazon is probably the biggest
online marketplace for both digital and physical goods, and it makes sense
to use their credibility and brand authority to your advantage.