Theory of Multiple Intelligences This theory suggests that traditional psychometric views of intelligence are too limited. Gardner first outlined his theory in his 1983 book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, where he suggested that all people have different kinds of "intelligences." There are nine different types of intelligence. These are: Naturalistic, Musical, Logical–mathematical, Existential, Interpersonal, Linguistic, Bodily–kinesthetic, Intra–personal and Spatial intelligence.

1. Multiple Intelligences

2. Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences
 Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences proposes that people are not born
with all of the intelligence they will ever have.
 This theory challenged the traditional notion that there is one single type of intelligence,
sometimes known as “g” for general intelligence, that only focuses on cognitive abilities.
 To broaden this notion of intelligence, Gardner introduced eight different types of
intelligences consisting of: Linguistic, Logical/Mathematical, Spatial, Bodily-Kinesthetic,
Musical, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, and Naturalist.
 Gardner notes that the linguistic and logical-mathematical modalities are most typed
valued in school and society.

3. Gardner’s definition of intelligence
 Gardner defines intelligence as a “biopsychological potential
to process information that can be activated in
a cultural setting to solve problems or create
products that are of value in a culture”

4. Multiple Intelligences
1. Linguistic Intelligence
2. Logical Mathematical Intelligence
3. Spatial Intelligence
4. Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence
5. Musical Intelligence
6. Interpersonal Intelligence
7. Intrapersonal Intelligence
8. Naturalist Intelligence

5. 1.Linguistic Intelligence (“word smart”)
 Linguistic Intelligence is a part of Howard Gardner's
multiple intelligence theory that deals with sensitivity to the
spoken and written language, ability to learn languages, and
capacity to use language to accomplish certain goals.
 People with linguistic intelligence, such as William
Shakespeare and Oprah Winfrey, have an ability to analyze
information and create products involving oral and written
language such as speeches, books, and memos.
Potential Career Choices
Careers you could dominate with your
linguistic intelligence:
• Lawyer
• Speaker / Host
• Author
• Journalist
• Curator

6. Linguistic Celebrity Profiles
 William Shakespeare
 Robert Frost
 J.K. Rowling
 R. L. Stine
 Judy Blume
 Dr. Seuss
 Shel Silverstein
 Roald Dahl
Here's a list of people who used words to make a name for themselves. These writers and
orators also lived with a disability. Their unique combination of intelligences -- strengths
as well as weaknesses -- made them such successful people.
 Agatha Christie :Legendary British mystery writer. She was learning disabled.
 Demosthenes Great Greek orator. He had a speech impediment.
 Edgar Allan Poe American macabre poet and short-story writer. He was emotionally
disturbed.
 Alexander Pope 18th-century British poet and satirist. He had a spinal curvature and
never grew taller than 4' 6".
 Rudyard Kipling Poet and author of The Jungle Book. He was the first English author to
win the Nobel Prize in Literature. He was also sight-impaired.
 John Irving Contemporary American author of the” The Cider House Rules and The
World According to Garp. He is dyslexic.

7. 2.Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
(“number/reasoning smart”)
 Logical-mathematical intelligence refers to the
capacity to analyze problems logically, carry out
mathematical operations, and investigate issues
scientifically.
 People with logical-mathematical intelligence, such as
Albert Einstein and Bill Gates, have an ability to develop
equations and proofs, make calculations, and solve
abstract problems.
Potential Career Choices
Careers you could dominate with your
logical-mathematical intelligence:
• Mathematician
• Accountant
• Statistician
• Scientist
• Computer Analyst

8. 10 Famous Person With Logical
Mathematical-Intelligence
• Albert Einstein. Einstein, a great figure in modern science, who had a high level of
multiple intelligences as well as logical mathematical intelligence.
• Stephen Hawking. ...
• Thomas Edison. ...
• Johannes Kepler. ...
• Bill Gates. ...
• Mark Zuckerberg. ...
• Marian Diamond. ...
• Paul Erdös.

9. 3.Spatial Intelligence (“picture smart”)
 Spatial intelligence features the potential to
recognize and manipulate the patterns of wide
space (those used, for instance, by navigators
and pilots) as well as the patterns of more
confined areas, such as those of importance to
sculptors, surgeons, chess players, graphic artists,
or architects.
 People with spatial intelligence, such as Frank
Lloyd Wright and Amelia Earhart, have an ability
to recognize and manipulate large-scale and
fine-grained spatial images.
• Potential Career Choices
Careers you could dominate with your spatial
intelligence:
Pilot
• Surgeon
• Architect
• Graphic Artist
• Interior Decorator

10. Examples of Famous People with High
Spatial Intelligence
• Leonardo Da Vinci.
• Vincent Van Gogh.
• Alfred Hitchcock.
• Frank Lloyd Wright.
• Georgia O'Keeffe.
• Henri Matisse.

11. 4.Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence
(“body smart”)
 Bodily kinesthetic intelligence is the
potential of using one’s whole body or parts
of the body (like the hand or the mouth) to
solve problems or to fashion products.
 People with bodily-kinesthetic intelligence,
such as Michael Jordan and Simone Biles,
have an ability to use one’s own body to
create products, perform skills, or solve
problems through mind–body union.
Potential Career Choices
Careers you could dominate with your bodily-
kinesthetic intelligence:
• Dancer
• Athlete
• Surgeon
• Mechanic
• Carpenter
• Physical Therapist

12. Examples of Famous People with high Bodily-
Kinesthetic Intelligence
 Michael Jordan
 Babe Ruth
 I. M. Pei
 Jim Carrey
 Mia Hamm
 Gabrielle Reece
 Serena and Venus Williams
 Jon Moseley
 Tiger Woods
Here's a list of artists, athletes, and actors whose physical intelligence
propelled them into the limelight. They also happened to live with a
disability. Their unique combination of intelligences -- strengths as well as
weaknesses -- made them such successful people.
Auguste Rodin :French sculptor. His most famous work is The Thinker. He
had a learning disability.
Admiral Peary :American arctic explorer and naval officer. He had a
communicative disorder.
Vaslav Nijinsky :Russian ballet dancer and choreographer. He was mentally ill.
Tom Cruise :Hollywood super-star. He's severly dyslexic, but he's able to
memorize lines.
Jim Abbott :American baseball player (pitcher). He was born without a right
hand.
Marlee Matlin :Film and stage actress. She won the Academy Award for her
role in Children of a Lesser God. She is hearing impaired.

13. 5.Musical Intelligence (“music smart”)
Musical intelligence refers to the skill in the
performance, composition, and appreciation of musical
patterns.
People with musical intelligence, such as Beethoven
and Ed Sheeran, have an ability to recognize and
create musical pitch, rhythm, timbre, and tone.
Potential Career Choices
Careers you could dominate with
your musical intelligence:
• Singer
• Composer
• DJ
• Musician

14. Examples of Famous People with high Musical
Intelligence
Sarah Chang (violinist)
Michael Jackson (performer)
Mozart (composer/musician)
Paul McCartney (singer/songwriter)
Marin Alsop (conductor)
Carlos Santana
Barbara Streisand
Leonard Bernstein
Jimi Hendrix
Paul Simon
Sarah Brightman
Miles Davis
Here's a list of performers and composers who hit some high notes in their careers.
Each of them also happened to live with a disability. Their unique combination of
intelligences -- strengths as well as weaknesses -- made them such successful
people.
Cher
Pop star and Academy Award-winning actress. You know she's an outrageous dresser,
but did you know she's dyslexic?
Sergei Rachmaninoff
Russian pianist, composer, and conductor. He had a learning disability.
Schumann
German composer and music critic. A hand injury forced him to abandon a career as
a pianist. He had a mental illness.
Itzhak Perlman
Celebrated Israeli violinist. He contracted polio as a child.
Ludwig van Beethoven
Revolutionary German composer who lost his hearing as an adult. Though he could
no longer perform, he continued to compose works of great depth and complexity.
Stevie Wonder
Award-winning singer, composer, producer, arranger, and instrumentalist. He signed
his first record deal at age 10. He has been blind since birth.

15. 6.Interpersonal Intelligence
(“people smart”)
 Interpersonal intelligence is the capacity
to understand the intentions, motivations,
and desires of other people and
consequently to work effectively with
others.
 People with interpersonal intelligence,
such as Mahatma Gandhi and Mother
Teresa, have an ability to recognize and
understand other people’s moods,
desires, motivations, and intentions.
Potential Career Choices
Careers you could dominate with your
interpersonal intelligence:
• Teacher
• Psychologist
• Manager
• Salespeople
• Public Relations

16. Examples of Famous People with high
Interpersonal Intelligence
 Mahatma Gandhi
 Mother Teresa
 Oprah Winfrey
 Bill Clinton
 Confucius
 Jean Paul Sartre
 Gandhi
 Martin Luther King, Jr.
Here's a list of some great thinkers and leaders who also happened to live with a disability.
Their unique combination of intelligences--strengths as well as weaknesses--made them
such successful people.
Helen Keller
This American author, lecturer, and humanitarian was blind, deaf, and mute. Her life story
and writings continue to inspire people from all walks of life.
General George Patton
This brilliant American military strategist who served in both World Wars was dyslexic.
Nietzsche
This German philosopher's theories had a widespread influence on social, political, and
cultural movements throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. He had a behavioral disorder.
Aldous Huxley
This British writer and social critic is best known for his visionary, futuristic novel Brave New
World (1932). Huxley was sight impaired.
Aristotle
This eloquent Greek philosopher studied under Plato and had a profound influence on
western thought. Aristotle was a brilliant orator and thinker who also had a communicative
disorder.

17. 7.Intrapersonal Intelligence
(“self smart”)
 Intrapersonal intelligence is the capacity to understand
oneself, to have an effective working model of oneself-
including own’s desires, fears, and capacities—and to
use such information effectively in regulating one’s own
life.
 People with intrapersonal intelligence, such as Aristotle
and Maya Angelou, have an ability to recognize and
understand his or her own moods, desires, motivations,
and intentions.
 This type of intelligence can help a person to
understand which life goals are important and how to
achieve them.
Potential Career Choices
Careers you could dominate with your
intrapersonal intelligence:
• Therapist
• Psychologist
• Counselor
• Entrepreneur
• Clergy

18. Examples of Famous People with high
Intrapersonal Intelligence
 Mark Zuckerberg
 Virginia Woolf
 Albert Einstein
 Martin Luther King Jr.
 Michelle Obama
 Amartya Sen
 Anne Frank
 Mahatma Gandhi
 Leonard Cohen
 Emma Watson

19. 8.Naturalist intelligence (“nature
smart”)
 Naturalistic intelligence involves expertise in the
recognition and classification of the numerous
species—the flora and fauna—of his or her
environment.
 People with naturalistic intelligence, such as Charles
Darwin and Jane Goddall, have an ability to identify
and distinguish among different types of plants,
animals, and weather formations that are found in
the natural world.
Potential Career Choices
Careers you could dominate with
your naturalist intelligence:
• Botanist
• Biologist
• Astronomer
• Meteorologist
• Geologist

20. Examples of Famous People with high
Naturalist intelligence
 John Muir
 Rachel Carson
 Charles Darwin
 John James Audubon
 Jacques Cousteau
 David Suzuki
 Jane Goodall
 Steve Erwin
 Neil deGrasse Tyson,

21. Implications for Learning
 A common misconception about the theory of multiple intelligences is that it is synonymous with learning
styles. Gardner states that learning styles refer to the way an individual is most comfortable approaching a range
of tasks and materials.
 Multiple intelligences theory states that everyone has all eight intelligences at varying degrees of proficiency
and an individual’s learning style is unrelated to the areas in which they are the most intelligent.
 For example, someone with linguistic intelligence may not necessarily learn best through writing and reading.
Classifying students by their learning styles or intelligences alone may limit their potential for learning.
 Research shows that students are more engaged and learn best when they are given various ways to
demonstrate their knowledge and skills, which also helps teachers more accurately assess student learning

22. In the classroom
 By applying the theory of multiple intelligences in the classroom, educators
take into consideration the different types of learners they might have in their
class, reinforce all types of intelligences in every student, and allow for an
individual learning process that will ultimately enable each learner to utilise his
or her specific abilities and demonstrate learning.
 Presenting topics using the theory of multiple intelligences, that is using
different pathways and tools to study information, can have a very positive effect
on our students’ learning experience. Incorporating for example, role play,
collaborative work, picture puzzles or field trips allows for a learning experience
that will not only allow different types of learners to learn but will enrich every
individual’s understanding of the topic.

23. Thank you