Introduction Of Art Nouveau

Introduction of Art Nouveau
Introduction to Art Nouveau
The "Art Nouveau" ("new art") movement was one of the first departures from classical art and design, towards a new modernism. The 'Modernism'
and Art Nouveau movements occurred during what was known in France as the "Belle Г‰poque," or "beautiful era" period of the late 19th and early
20th centuries. The movement was primarily influenced by the radical work of Czech (Moravian) artist Alfons Mucha, Swiss decorative artist
EugГЁne Grasset, and English illustrator Aubrey Beardsley ("The Peacock Skirt") and the ground–breaking architecture and design work of Hector
Guimard of Paris and Antoni GaudГ of Barcelona.
The Art Nouveau movement focussed heavily on the themes of nature, fantasy, and the female form, with...show more content...
In particular because of the art gallery "La Maison de l'Art Nouveau", which was opened as a showroom for the new art by a Japanese art collector,
Siegfried Bing.
All the Art Nouveau artists were largely reacting against the Classic aesthetic, a style described as often "fussy and inhibited." They found a freeing
vocabulary in natural and organic forms. The movement's signature motif was the S–curve, which might be found in a flower's stem on a brooch or the
trail of smoke from a cigarette depicted in a theater poster.
The Art Nouveau artists were not shy about the naked body, contrary to their predecessors, and the Art Nouveau style is often described as a feminine
one. But some Art Nouveau was also geometric as the forms designed by Wiener Werkstatte and Josef Hoffmann.
[pic] [pic] [pic]
Elegant Victorian cut
Diamond ring GRACEFUL OLD CUTS
OPAL PEARLS CHAIN

They all stressed the importance of handmade, decorative, ornamental and functional designs. William Morris started the movement as a reaction
against the machine and stressed the importance of working with your hands. He didn't see the beauty in mechanically produced things and neither did
Art nouveau artists and Modernista architects. They all collectively stressed the importance of new never before seen structures and styles that would
inspire people and bring beauty to a world that was becoming bland and repetitive.
4. According to Pevsner, what setsModernisme (and Gaudi in particular) apart from the general Art Nouveau trend?
Although Gaudi was one of the lead innovators of Art Nouveau and Modernisme in the world at the time and in...show more content...
The use of new materials, particularly iron, steel and glass, followed by concrete, made numerous things possible, and William Morris's insistence
following Ruskin's rules was that art must serve the needs of the people rather than an elite group and is the direction art must go.
6. Please explain Morris' idea of architecture and the way it was embodied in his Red House?
Morris and his colleagues refused to accept the utilitarian brick box structure with a slate roof as the ultimate form of architectural expression of their
age. They thought that if the romantic revolt had broken through in the fields of literature then it could do the same to transform their architecture.
"The house was built, not–as in previous Gothic revivals–in an attempt to combine a number of superficial medieval characteristics which pleased the
taste of the architect, but in a definite attempt to adapt late Gothic methods of building to the needs of the nineteenth century". Today, in my opinion it
seems that the Red House laid the path for the moderisma architecture of future generations. In its time it was revolutionary in its unashamed use of red
brick much like that of the arch de triumph and its undisguised construction and absence of fussy facades and unfunctional ornamentation.
7. Please explain Morris' idea of gothic style?
Morris thought that the fashionable architects of the time attempted to impose a superficial Gothic style upon their

What Was The End Of The Art Nouveau Era
The End of An Era Art Nouveau as an artistic style had a short lifespan, when compared to other movements. Although it spread far and wide in the
thirty years it held sway, changing attitudes and the beginnings of World War I began the end of the Art Nouveau era. In a period of warfare and scarce
resources, the stylized forms made popular in everything from architecture to posters to silverware became too expensive to produce. The flowing,
organic lines and ornamentation of the movement began to become more streamlined, leading to the development of the more modern, industrialized
stylings of Art Deco. The emphasis became less on decoration, and more on making functionality equal to decoration. Ornamentation became less
important, as artists began to focus more on well designed, beautifully formed pieces over more ornamental pieces. The emphasis was, once again,
more on material and function combining to create beauty, rather than beauty being added to what was standard pieces. This continued thought– that
fine and applied arts, artists and designers, could work together to improve not only art, but society itself, was a very Art Nouveau thought, that
eventually led to the birth of the Bauhaus movement and the creation of art education as society knows it today.
The Bauhaus The Bauhaus school was founded by Walter Gropius in Weimar, Germany in 1919. It combined a wide variety of arts– architecture,
sculpture, and painting, with crafts and engineering. (See Figures

Starting from the 18th century, inventors and technicians created more efficient manufacturing processes (from handmade to machines made) for
various task, for example, the making of clothes and building materials. This was also the time when steam power and machine was introduced to
people (BOOK). With the help of new technology, different aspects of society are being shaped and positively influenced, especiallyarchitecture. Art
Nouveau is an architectural style influenced by Industrial Revolution. Industrial revolution is basically an architectural period when iron, steel, concrete,
and glass are used as major architecture building materials. This also means prefabrication plays a vital role in architecture and construction because
those building materials are the product of prefabrication. Examples of industrial revolution architecture are Joseph Paxton's Crystal Palace in London,
United Kingdom. In addition, Art Nouveau is an architecture style that are popular in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Major stylistics characteristics
include asymmetrical compositions, free flowing lines, nature–inspired patterns, use of new materials. Some Art Nouveau's architecture also associate
with the arts and crafts movement. Famous architecture work which displays the characteristic of Art Nouveau elements are Victor Horta's Hotel
Tassel in Brussel, Belgium (OXFORD DI). Crystal Palace is designed by Joseph Paxton and it is a building with prefabricated parts. Visually. it
connects to

Art Shaque : The Art Of The Art Nouveau
When considering Art nouveau, it is more appropriate to label it as a movement as opposed to a style, with the purpose of breaking the previous rules
of fine arts, and establishing a new order, in which the new technology of mass production is dismissed, and instead, there is focus on creating
decadent, and fine craftmanship. It would be almost impossible to link all the styles within art nouveau and all their separate influences, as each artist
had a different interpretation of "new art" and what that really meant. However, looking at the period in context, we can identify a source of great
impact: "Japonisme". [1] Following the treaty between the united states and Japan in 1854, Japanese trade became sought after as highly fashionable
as it flowed into western Europe. Inspiration became available to the designers of the time, and many techniques were adopted into Western art. For
example, Japanese artworks such as Ukiyo–e prints contained devices such as a flat, two dimensional compositions, and block colours created by
woodblocks. Masters such as Hokusai, and Hiroshige drew their inspiration from nature, and it was no coincidence that typical Japanese symbols of
nature crept into the works of the Art Nouveau, such as carp, bamboo reeds, cherry blossoms and bodies of water which can all be identified in the
works of Rene Lalique, Alphonse Mucha, and influencer William Morris, within his arts and crafts fabric designs and furnishings.
From the erotic subject matter, to

The Kiss By Gustav Klimt
Born in 1862, Gustav Klimt is an Austrian artist who is best known for his ornate paintings and involvement in the Art Nouveau movement. He often
used mixed media in his work, incorporating paint, gold leafing, beads and jewels. According to restorers, he did not use varnish on his painting. This
helped Klimt avoid a shiny finish over the canvas and made the paint quite 'dry'. His most popular work could be described as a coming together of
realistic and natural forms and intricate decoration. The Art Nouveau movement is best defined by a move away from conservative and traditional
ideals. It focused a lot on design and the incorporation of objects. Art Nouveau is closely related to the Arts and Crafts movement.Gustav Klimt is most
known for his painting The Kiss and it is often still referenced today as a pop culture icon. Completed between 1907 and 1908, The Kiss depicts
two human figures who appear to be flattened out. Their drapery and background are further flattened by gold leafing and stylistic patterns. The
painting is 1.8x1.8m and is oil paints on canvas. The female figure is being held by a man who is turned away from the viewer. It leaves you with a
feeling of mystery. Along with The Kiss, Klimt's Beethoven frieze boosted his popularity. The fresco mural was created solely as a tribute to a Max
Klinger exhibition in 1902 and is the only work to survive. The frieze depicted the struggles of humanity and overcoming the hostile throughout life.
The mural was

Art Nouveau Controversy
Art nouveau is a style of art from 1892– that marries the aesthetics of nature with design. One of the artists that almost every single Art Nouveau gives
credit too is William Morris; which truly fuses the arts and crafts with the power of nature. Morris was truly inspired by medieval manuscripts which
had compelling designs throughout their pages. Assuming that Art Nouveau is inspired by this illuminated manuscript is not a wrong answer. Another
artist that was a foundation to this movement was Dante Gabriel Rossetti; he explored the fascinating characteristics of nature, and how they could be
applied to art. The female figure has been used by artists throughout the century to show the true emotions of the human body. This can be seen

The Art Nouveau And The Art Movement
An art movement inspired by nature, it's vital force and never changing life cycle of birth, life, decay and death. The Art Nouveau became fashionable
from about 1890 to the first world war. This aesthetic new art movement was concerned as new, hence it was named as "new art"– the Art Nouveau. It
was also highly influenced by the Japonism, given a major boost in France, Paris and eventually spread across world. [1] In the late 19th century every
artist had a desire to be considered as a serious diplomatic artist, also to be recognised, respected and well–known. However, an individual needed to
commit to the studies of idealised figures and landscapes. Beyond question, for some artist academic art was considered as a rubbish and they...show
more content...
Mucha in 1906 (middle); S. Bernhardt (right)
Anna Dvorak (American film actress) says: "He succeeded in creating a poster so different from others on the billboards, both in design and
colouring, that from the beginning he was considered not a follower but equal to the best artists of the period. For the life–size figures of his Bernhardt
posters Mucha chose an extremely elongated shape, and in contrast to other poster designers he used very pale colours–whites, beiges, mauves, dull
purples, reds and greens, with decorative touches of gold and silver. His unusual posters were uniquely appropriate to the famous actress of whom
Charles Hiatt wrote that she had the ability to touch even a classical French drama with the oriental, the strange and the exotic. "[6] His attention to
detail, colour patterns and fearlessly trying new techniques, new styles has made him successful and noticed.
The amazing success of this poster led to long term contact with Bernhardt. He produced posters, costume designs, jewellery and set designs–and his
fame brought in an enormous number of commissions. The graphic lines seen in the Art Nouveau were an expression of a new graphic style. Modern
promotional advertising just had a beginning of poster design. Hand lettering styles were appreciated and created unique styles, forms, but it used to
take plenty of time to produce one poster for adverting, hence it was agreed that some improvements in printing needs to be done. Letterpress was

The Ethos of Art Nouveau across the Arts and Architecture.
Art Nouveau – 'A style of art and architecture of the 1890s, characterised by the swelling sinuous outlines and stylized natural forms, such as flowers
and leaves.' (The definition of art nouveau) The name derives from 'Maison de 'Art Nouveau', an interior design gallery in Paris in 1896 however the
movement had multiple names throughout Europe, such as 'Jgendstil' in Germany; in Italy 'Stile Liberty ' or 'Floreale '; in Spain 'Modernista ', in
Austria 'Sezessionstil ' and in France and England the term 'Modern Style ' was often used, highlighting the English roots of the movement. The Art
Nouveau style doesn't specifically come from just European history, but also involves a combination of intricate, oriental and classical elements,
wanting to create a contrast from traditional forms. The movement was applied across all the arts, including interior and furniture design, illustration,
fine art and architecture and was characterised with graceful, asymmetrical lines inspired from natural and organic forms, including striking and
powerful imagery which is now immediately recognisable and widely appreciated as a form of artistic style.
The style includes geometrical and more abstract patterns and rhythms. The components of this style said that all art should be available, equal and
appreciated by everyone: "Art for art 's sake". There are wide variations used in this style depending on where it appeared and the

Art Nouveau Research Paper
Art Nouveau
When one considers the term "Art Nouveau," what comes to mind most immediately is "images of a European–wide invasion [characterized] by the
restless dynamism of organic form"(Silverman 1). For me it is usually the work of Alphonse Mucha– his mysterious women surrounded by the beauties
of nature. Often my Art Nouveau fantasies take shape in the odd fungal–shaped stained–glass lamps of Tiffany. Or sometimes they surface as the
romantic Parisian posters I've seen at Pier One, advertising champagne or cats noir or bicycles or the like. But no matter what ones notion may be of
what Art Nouveau looks like, there is a feeling that accompanies it that is at the heart of the style's appeal. It is difficult to define or describe what
...show more content...
In this poster for La Samaritaine(1894), he portrays her hair as long flowing locks that engulf her body much like the vines of a plant might do if
she were frozen still in a garden for several days. In like manner the lines of her dress cascade down her body, emphasizing the beauty of her feminine
form, this figure itself a frequent inspiration and facet of Art Nouveau works. Such lines are indicative of another key characteristic of the style– the
use of nature; for they engender an organic feeling in the work. It is important to distinguish between the use of the natural and the philosophy of
Naturalism, a movement that Art Nouveau was consciously attempting to bring to an end. Naturalism seeks to portray things exactly as they are, as
stark, often unflattering reality. Naturalists based this technique on the claim that true beauty will come across in the faithful representation of reality.
This is exactly the opposite of how Art Nouveau artists sought to create their work. They believed in drawing from Nature the beauty she has to offer
and accentuating it, doing so symbolically as opposed to realistically. Prominent Art Nouveau artist Siegfried Bing called nature "the infallible code of
all the laws of beauty"(qtd. in Selz 14). All true Art Nouveau draws upon that code in one form or another, if not in the portrayal nature then

Art Critique
When entering "The Crystal Universe" the viewer is first attracted by the clear white lights. The word "Crystal" is used to define this installation
because when you first walk through it, the color is clear and white, representing how a crystal would look like. Once in the installation, the changing
of colors is controlled by the viewer by selecting how they want to see the installation through the use of their smartphone and tech devices. By
changing colors in a rapid speed, the viewer is left amazed. An example of an element that this structure has is rhythm because although the viewer
controls the colors, the colors repeat in a way that allows the viewer to clearly see the pattern when in the sculpture.
With the LED light installation, teamLab illustrates a "Crystal Universe" by having the viewer control of a tech device the lights change and causes it
to look like you're truly in universe. The artwork invites the viewer to imagine themselves as if they were viewing the universe through a three
dimensional perspective. Through the way the sculpture is set up, it allows the visitor to be able to walk through it and get a complete experience.
As I looked further into Leo Villareal's work, I found that he is "known internationally for his light sculptures and site specific architectural works."
Although "The Bay Lights" only show one color, it is fascinating to spot similarities between "Crystal Universe" in how both show the color white.
The color white is always thought about something clean and pure. Villarreal has the ability to show purity through this artwork because when I
personally have passed this bridge, I felt a sense of peace and safeness. Where in "Crystal Universe" I also felt peace when the initial color is

In Belgium, the Art Nouveau provided works of Victor Horta. The beauty of these artist works often overshadows the historic context that funded,
supplied, inspired this art and design movement. The transformation art and design in Brussels during this time was a product of imperialism and
genocide sanctioned by King Leopold II of Belgium, through the exploitation and appropriation Congolese culture and raw materials.
Born in Brussels, Belgium in 1835, Leopold II became the second king of Belgium at the age of 30 [Fig1]. Belgium was a young country with an
equally small economy and population. Striving to compete the economic success of Britain and Germany, Leopold II would turn his attention towards
Africa, with the purpose of establishing Belgium as a world power, during a time of imperial growth, which coincided, with the expiation of Art
Nouveau in Europe. To acquire the land, raw materials, and population of twenty million; Leopold II effectively established control of the Congo
through economic and political means. Leopold II was one of the first European rulers to attempt to develop this area and would successfully obtain it
in 1885, creating the Congo Free State (Frost 2001). Leopold II did many things in order to acquire this colony. For example, he exploited tensions other
colonies controlled by Britain and Germany, by hosting the Brussels Conference of 1876, which lead to the creation of the International African
Association; established arbitrate

Ernst's Art
As a Surrealist pioneer, Ernst's art displayed some of the most radical and unorthodox imagery in the early 1920s. Violence and pain were perhaps the
most avant–garde elements of Ernst's art, and this perception is on full display in one of Ernst collages displayed during Breton's Paris Au Sans
Pareil exhibition, The Preparation of Bone Glue. It depicts "a diathermy process in which an electrical current treats joint ailments" (Kavky 2012);
his use of violence and pain as "both cause and cure intensifies the victimization of the woman" (Kavky 2012). The Preparation of Bone Glue is
widely considered as an early example of Surrealist art, and Ernst's early work with the mentally ill provided significant influence into the troubled
minds of some patients.
From a personal perspective, Massacre of the Innocents, released in 1920, represents one of the more unique and grotesque representations; the
imagery in the collage is akin to a modern–day crime scene. Ernst made...show more content...
Various sources quote Breton as expressing "unparalleled admiration" (Susik 2011) and "Surrealism found immediate confirmation in [Ernst's] collages
from 1920, which reflect a completely new concept of visual organization" (Spies, et al. 2005). Furthermore, one article described this moment in
Surrealist art "as central to the movement's research into psychoanalytic theory and the development of its visual practice" (Kavky 2012). The impact
of Ernst's contributions motivated Breton to pen a brief essay entitled "Max Ernst" reflecting Breton's "bald enthusiasm for Ernst's unique brand of
collages" (Susik 2011); Breton practically wrote the essay overnight "following the unpacking of Ernst's crate of collages" (Susik 2011). Furthermore,
Breton called Ernst "one of the most remarkable minds of the age" (Susik

The Artistic Movement: Rococo Essay
"I have just completed a forty–two–day voyage around my room. The fascinating observations I made and the endless pleasures I experienced along
the way made me wish to share them with the public... Be so good as to accompany me on my voyage." Xavier de Maistre
Renee L. Winter
University of Calgary
Word count: 2044
Abstract
This paper looks at the artistic movement known as Rococo in France after the death of Louis XIV. Artwork by France's Jean
–Antoine Watteau, and
Jean–Antoine Fragonard, as well as artwork done by Italian artist Giovanni Antonio Pellegrini, and will be discussed to demonstrate that Rococo and
the themes of the pictures represented a form of escapism for the aristocracy in Europe.
According to Pignatti (1988,...show more content...
(Blunt 1953, p.183). Blunt also argues that by entering into this world of the imagination, they were able to change their own every day world.
The picture shows many cupids, surrounding the young couples on the island, with the story beginning in the foreground. Janson claims that the
meaning of the picture reads like a story, unfolding from left to right, which also informs us that they are about to board the boat: two lovers are
still engaged in their amorous tryst; behind them another couple rises to follow a third pair back down the hill as the reluctant young woman casts
a wistful look back at the goddess' sacred grove. Watteau's figures are slim and graceful; it appears that they move with the studied assurance of
actors who play their roles so superbly that they touch us more than reality ever would. Robb (1951) describes this work as lingering on one idea:
men and women, not playing at the game of love, but whose whole existence is dedicated to love. They are dressed for the part; they exercise restraint
lest the passion burn out and avoid everything gross and uncultivated, displaying their seductions with the greatest delicacy and charm. Robb (1951)
believes the picture contains all that Watteau had to say, couples in a "fantastic landscape overhung with a magical atmosphere..." (p. 374). Janson
(1991, p.605) argues that those portrayed in paintings by Watteau recapture an earlier ideal of "mannered" elegance. Kalnein (1972, p. 17) asserts

The Art Nouveau Movement
ART NUVEAU MOVEMENT
Art Nouveau on the other hand was a decorative arts and architecture movement during the late 19th century and early 20th century. The movement
generated people who were enticed by the movement throughout Europe and beyond.
According to Lemmen, the movement had a vast variety of styles and, consequently, it was known by many names. The movement's aim was to
modernize design, because they were to differentiate themselves from eclectic historical styles.
According to Lemmon, the artists and designers of the movement drew inspiration from both organic and geometric forms. Their elegant designs
unified flowing, natural forms with more angular contours. The Art Nouveau movement wanted to take out the traditional hierarchy of the arts and
The Art Nouveau designers and artists wanted to revive good workmanship. They also wanted to raise the status of craft. They also wanted to produce
genuine modern designs.
The designers of the movement felt that the 19th century design had focused mostly on ornamentation. The designers of the movement perceived the
design of the 19th century as frivolous decorations.
The designers of the movement wanted to bring the belief that the function of a object must dictate its form. Their theory was influenced by
contemporary revivals of the gothic styles.
The practice was somewhat flexible ethos, but yet it would be an important part of the styles legacy. Art Nouveau was like the godfather of later
movements such as Modernism and Bauhaus to name a few.
The Art Nouveau movement was also known as the '' new art'' and it was a widely influential movement, but although it was also relatively short–lived.
A group of visual artists, designers and architects spread throughout Europe to create styles of design that were more appropriate to the modern

The Transition From Art Nouveau To Art Deco
English Decorative Arts: The Transition from Art Nouveau to Art Deco
Parallels can be seen running throughout the two movements and the following essay highlights the similarities and differences within the two styles
and the causes of the fall from one and the rise of the other.
Art Nouveau was likewise strongly influenced by the Pre–Raphaelite movement which contained prominent artists such as Edward Burne–Jones and
John William Waterhouse (Meagher, 2017). This romantic style exhibited a return to nature; common themes were leaves, flowers, tendrils, and
insects. Whiplash curves and flowing lines were prominently featured. Art Nouveau portrayals of women were erotic and sensual and many images
depicted nudes and these images were originally shocking to the public (Hoffman, 2017) . Artists preferred a pallet of natural colours with soft muted
tones of browns, olive greens, blues, and mustard yellow (Marinica, 2017). Advertisers procured these images and adopted the style to produce posters
and newspaper advertisements promoting a variety of goods. The Czech artist Alphonse Mucha produced works of this type ("Alphonse Maria Mucha
Complete Works 2017", 2017).
Artisans of the Aesthetic movement advocated 'art for art's sake' and created works purely for beauty and never for function (Easby, 2017). James
Abbot McNeil Whistler the artist who painted Whistlers Mother, was associated with this genre ("James Abbott McNeill Whistler 1834–1903 | Tate",
2017).

Art Deco Style Of Art
The term 'Art Deco' has been used to describe the sophisticated decorative style of art and design of the 1920s and 1930s. The name was derived
from an abbreviation of the French words 'art' and 'dГ©coratif', which were featured in the first major exhibition of decorative arts after the Great War,
The Exposition Internationale des Arts DГ©coratifs et Industriels Modernes that was held in Paris in 1925. The term 'Art Deco' however was not
common until the midвЂђ1960s, when the MusГ©e des Arts DГ©coratifs in Paris mounted an exhibition entitled Les AnnГ©es '25': Art DГ©co
/Bauhaus/Stijl/L'Esprit Nouveau (1966).
(http://www.oxfordreference.com.libraryproxy.griffith.edu.au/view/10.1093/acref/9780191762963.001.0001/acref–9780191762963–e–66)
The...show more content...
Majority of the works featured focused on high–art traditions of luxury and quality, rather than exploring the functional aspects of domestic design.
(Jared Goss, 2010).
The initial style of Art Deco emerged in response to the organically inspired Art Nouveau style. 'Throughout Europe and even in the United States,
designers and artists saw Art Nouveau as increasingly out of date due to its focus on nature instead of modern industry and the machine. In France, Art
Deco became the new "modem" style which replaced Art Nouveau. Like Art Nouveau, Art Deco objects often consisted of unique pieces of art crafted
with expensive materials for wealthy clients'(nelson, p.g 10). During the time between proposed opening of Exposition Internationale des Arts
DГ©coratifs et Industriels Modernes in 1915 to 1925 many artist associated with Art Deco style such as Le Corbusier distanced themselves by
embracing the more democratic elements linked with modernism(nelson, p.g 10). . There became a divide between artists and the style's inability to
reach the average consumer due to its use of costly materials(nelson, p.g 10). . Overtime style grew became much more restrained, rejecting running
motifs and climbing stems for stylized and geometricized decoration. Characterized by it certain sensuousness of curving forms, lavish employment of
luxurious materials and bold combinations of

Surrealism : Art World Responses To Surrealism
Art World Responses to Surrealism While contemporary artists often look back on Surrealism as a deeply impactful revolution of thought in art, not
everyone agrees with the praise it is given. At its consummation, Surrealism was viewed by many in the art world as the pseudo–intellectual creations
of anarchic men. "In 1925, there were few indeed who saw in it anything more than a return to infantilism and nihilism" (Peyre). By the 1940s some
surrealists themselves viewed the movement in a negative light, including poet Louis Aragon. Author Anna Balakian states that: "[in] the April 1947
issue of Europe, in an article about the surrealist Desnos, Aragon [proclaimed] that with the passing of surrealism will also pass the excessive liberty
that the surrealists including himself had given to words; and he [urged] a return to the elementary language of common sense. He [believed] that he
has now learned once more to call things by their right names" (Balakian). Similarly, in 1948 Balakian described the work of the Surrealists with a
patronizing tone, stating that due to the realistic imagery required in Naturalistic Surrealism, the works produced were uninteresting in their
application, becoming "... a smooth, academic, almost banal way of using the painter's material" (Hodin). However, there were supporters of the
movement during its time. Published in 1935 in A Short Survey of Surrealism, author David Gascoyne praised the movement for its revolutionary
ideals, stating, "Already

Art Nouveau
Art nouveau was a movement that swept through the decorative arts and architecture in late 18th and early 20th centuries. It began as a reaction
against the historical emphasis of 19th century. Often 1905 is known as the end of Art Nouveau
Art nouveau originated in London and was variously called Jugendstil in Germany, Sezessionstil in Austria, as Modern (РњРѕРґРµСЂРЅ) in Russia,
Modernismo in Spain and Stile Liberty in Italy,full stop Many of these terms refer to the idea of "newness. Its permanent name was derived from the
Paris shop of Samuel (Siegfried) Bing. La Maison de l'Art nouveau, founded in 1895. Many names refer specifically to the organic forms of this kind of
art such as Stile Floreal ("floral style"), Lilienstil ("lily style"), Style Nouille ("noodle style"), Paling Stijl ("eel style"), and Wellenstil ("wave style") at
last the name was formed as "Art Nouveau".
An idea behind Art Nouveau was to bring art to every aspect of life, removing the dividing line between art and commerce, between beauty and utility
and most importantly, between the elite and the public, making art available to everyone, not just the rich.
"Art Nouveau" style was not limited to paintings but, nowadays we can see this style as a form of architecture of buildings, sculpture and jewellery,
glass work, ceramics and statues .
Glass&Ceramics works Architecture Fine Art
Art nouveau is not a naturalistic painting but an

Introduction Of Art Nouveau

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