This document discusses the different levels of disease prevention including primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Primordial prevention aims to prevent risk factors from developing in a population through health education. Primary prevention focuses on health promotion and immunizations to prevent disease onset. Secondary prevention utilizes early diagnosis and treatment to prevent disease progression. Tertiary prevention, also known as rehabilitation, aims to minimize disability and suffering for those with disease through medical, vocational, social, and psychological support services.

2. GUESS THE TOPIC ??

3. LEVEL OF PREVENTION OF
DISEASE
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:-
MRS.MINATI DAS POULAMI GANGULY
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ROLL NO: – 1886022
KINS 4 th YEAR Bsc.NURSING

4. LEVEL OF
PREVENTION
DISEASE

6. INTRODUCTION:
 Nurses have 4 fundamental responsibilities followed below:
Promotion of health-
1. Promotion Of Health
2. Prevention Of Illness
3. Restoration Of Health
4. Alleviation Of Suffering
 Two phases of disease are-
 (I) Pre- Pathogenesis
 (Ii) Pathogenesis

7. DEFINITION OF DISEASE
PREVENTION:-
“Activities designed to protect patients or other
members of the public from actual or potential
health threats and their harmful consequences.”
Or
“Prevention is the action aimed at eradicating,
eliminating or minimizing the impact of disease
and disability or if none of these are feasible ,
retarding the progress of the disease and
disability”

8. LEVELS OF PREVENTION
1) Primordial Prevention
2) Primary Prevention
3) Secondary Prevention
4) Tertiary Prevention

9. Prevention is better than
Cure…!

10. 1.PRIMORDIAL PREVENTION
“This is a prevention of development of risk factors in a
population group, which they have not yet appeared”
1. Special attention is given to preventing chronic
disease.
2. Main intervention is health education.
3. Discouraging people from adopting harmful
lifestyles/habits through individual & mass education.

11. CONTINUE…
Ex:
1.Many adult health problems (e.g. Obesity,
hypertension) have their early origins in childhood
because this is the time when lifestyles are formed
(ex., Smoking, eating patterns, physical exercise).
2.handwashing

12. 2. PRIMARY PREVENTION:-
 “Primary prevention can be defined as the action
taken prior to the onset of disease, which removes the
possibility that the disease will ever occur.”
It includes all health promotion efforts and wellness
activities that focuses on improving and maintaining
the general health of individuals and communities .

13. CONTINUE…
Health promotion includes :
1. Health education programs
2. Immunization programs (polio, BCG).
3. Sanitization program

14. PRIMARY PREVENTION
Achieved by Achieved by
Health protection
Specific
promotion
I. Immunization
II. chemoprophylaxis
III. Use of specific nutrients
or supplements
IV.Safety of drugs and foods
V. Control of environmental
hazards.
I. Health Education
II. Environmental
modifications
III.Nutritional Interventions
IV.Life style and behavioral
changes

15. MODES OF INTERVENTION
I. Health Promotion
II. Specific Protection

16. I. HEALTH PROMOTION
It is the process of enabling people to increase
control over the determinants of health and thereby
improve their health.
Main aims of health promotion are to enable
people to increase control over health & to
improve their overall health.

17. CONTINUE…
 Health promotion includes:-
I. Development of good health habites and hygiene
II. Proper nutrition
III. Proper and prompt utilization of available health
& medical facilities.

18. (II) SPECIFIC PROTECTION
 “ It’s directed towards protection against specific
diseases. It includes the promotion of health,
prevention of sickness, & care of individuals .”
 It may be achieved by:-
 Use of specific immunization (BCG, DPT, MMR
vaccines)
 Chemoprophylaxis (tetracycline for cholera,
dapsone for leprosy, chloroquine for malaria, etc.,)

19. CONTINUE…
 Use of specific nutrients (vitamin a for children,
iron-folic acid tablets for pregnant mothers)
 Protection against accidents (use of helmet,
seatbelt, etc.,)
 Protection against occupational hazards.
 Avoidance of allergens.
 Protection from air pollution.

20. 3. SECONDARY PREVENTION
 Secondary prevention includes early diagnosis and prompt
treatment.
 This level includes the steps which check the growth of the
disease in its initial stages and avoid complications.
 It mainly focuses on the individuals who are experiencing
health problems or illness and who are at risk for
developing complications or worsening conditions.

21. CONTINUE…
 The major techniques of secondary prevention are early
treatment and implementing the health programs
effectively.
 Examples of secondary prevention includes 
 Public education to promote breast self-examination,
screening programs for Hypertension, Diabetes Uterine
cancer (Pap smear), breast cancer, glaucoma, and sexually
transmitted diseases.
 But these techniques are very much expensive.

22. 4. TERTIARY PREVENTION
 Tertiary prevention means disability limitation and
rehabilitation.
 Tertiary prevention begins early in the period of recovery
from elements.
 It includes all those procedures and actions which minimize
the damage and disabilities caused by the disease and those
attempts which minimize the suffering of the patient and
reinforce his efforts to adjust to the prevailing conditions.

23. Terms related to rehabilitation
Impairment: it is any loss or abnormality of
physiological, psychological, or anatomic structure or
function.
Disability: any restriction or lack of ability to perform
an activity in the manner considered normal for a
human being.
Handicap: disadvantage for a given individual,
resulting from impairment or disability, that limits or
prevents the full-filling of a role that is normal for that
individual.

24. CONTINUE…..
Tertiary prevention consists of appropriate
administration of medications to optimize
therapeutic effects moving and positioning the
patient to prevent disability, minimizing residual
disability, and helping the client learn to live
productively with limitations through proper
exercise physiotherapy and occupational therapy
and corrective, plastic surgery can improve
mobility, which is otherwise known as
REHABILITATION.

25. DISEASE/
ACCIDENT
IMPAIRMENT
DISABILITY
REHABILITATION

26. ACCIDENT
Impairment: Loss of an
anatomical structure
Disability: Lack of ability to
perform an activity
Rehabilitation: to achieve the high
level of functioning as possible.

27. TYPES OF REHABILITATION
MEDICAL REHABILITATION
VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION
SOCIAL REHABILITATION
PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION

28. CONTINUE…
Medical rehabilitation: (restoration of bodily
function).
 Vocational rehabilitation:( restoration of the
capacity to earn a livelihood)
 Social rehabilitation: (restoration of family and
social relationship).
Psychological rehabilitation: (restoration of
personal dignity and confidence).

29. PRINCIPLES OF
REHABILITATION
I. Enable timely recovery
II. Re-stabilize
III. Re-train
IV. Re-integrate
V. Re-motivate
VI. Re-socialize
Tertiary
Prevention

30. Key To Remember
P S T

31. NOW IS THE TIME FOR A
QUIZ

32. Q:1
The local hospital offers yearly
cholesterol screenings to the
public?
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Teritary prevention
D. All of the aboves

33. Q:2
A community health worker provides
vaccine to client is an immunization
clinics?
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Teritary prevention
D. All of the aboves

34. Q:3
A.
Primary prevention
B.
Secondary prevention
C.
Teritary prevention
D.
All of the aboves
Mr. R. Kumar is referred to a cardiac rehabilitation
program after coronary artery bypass surgery?

35. CORRECT ANSWER:
(1) B.- SECONDARY PREVENTION.
(2) A.- PRIMARY PREVENTION.
(3) C.- TERITARY PREVENTION.

36. CONCLUSION:
At the population level ,the ottawa charter's five
stages for health promotion can be adapted to the
health professionals practice setting.
Communication campaign ,department of bicycle
paths, anti-tobacco laws intersectorial action and
support for prevention in clinical practice are
amongst the many examples of strategies.

37. SUMMARY

39. ASSIGNMENT:-
1. Definition of the level of prevention? Details
about primordial prevention? (2+3)
2. What is secondary prevention? As a nurse
what is the primary prevention in covid-19
prevention? (2+3)
3. What is the importance of rehabilitation? (5)

41. BIBLIOGRAPHY:-
 • Swarnkar Keshav, “Community Health Nursing”,
N.R.BROTHERS publishers (p) ltd, fourth edition, p-18-19e
 • Manivannan D Shyamala, “Textbook of Community Health
Nursing”, CBS publisher & Distributors (p) ltd, fifth edition, p-
 • Dash Bijaylaxmi, “A Comprehensive Textbook of Community
Health Nursing”, Jaypee publication,A.K.Mishra Publication (p)
ltd, p- 20-22
 HTTPS://www.Wikipedia.in.typesoflevelofpreventionofdiseaseindet
ails
 https://www.google.in.image
 https://www.google.in.typesofrehabilation