4. 3
INSTRUCTIONS:
•Students will be grouped into 3, a task card will be given to each
group, it indicates the picture/s that they need to imitate in a most
creative way.
•In a group, students will strike a pose, imitating the picture assigned
to them.
•Students will pick a representative that will construct a caption about
the pose that the members executed.
•Each group will be given 2 minutes to prepare and after that time,
altogether you will strike a pose except the representative of each
group.
•Each group's presentation will be rated based on the given
criteria.
5. 3
Criteria Rating Descriptors
•Creativity — 5 points — If the students able to
generate ideas and alternatives that may be useful in
mimicking their assigned picture satisfactorily.
— 3 points. — If the students able to
generate ideas and alternatives that may be useful in
mimicking their assigned picture unsatisfactorily.
• Facial Expression — 5 points — If the students able to
show the appropriate facial expression on their given picture
satisfactorily.
— 3 points — If the students able to
show the appropriate facial expression on their given picture
unsatisfactorily.
7. 5
As a student, why
do you think
Physical Education
is important?
8. 7
• “Education through the physical”
• "Physical education is the study,
practice, and appreciation of the art
and science of human movement"
(Harrison, Blakemore, and Buck)
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
9. 8
• the capacity to carry out the day’s activities
without undue fatigue.
PHYSICAL FITNESS
• a state of health and well-being
• The ability to perform aspects of sports,
occupations, and daily activities
• generally achieved through proper nutrition,
moderate-vigorous physical exercise, and
sufficient rest.
10. 9
BENEFITS of Physical
Fitness
• Reduce risk of disease
• Development of physical components
• Provide better health
• Builds stronger Bones, Joints, and Ligaments
• Maintenance of Optimal Body Weight
• Boost in energy level
• Improved Appearance
• Relaxation and Stress relief
11. 10
• Causes Delayed Aging
• Improve your overall health
• Healthier, Longer Life Reduces the risk of disease
• People who participate in regular exercise have a
decreased risk of developing:
• heart disease
• diabetes
• metabolic syndrome
• different types of cancer Development of physical
fitness components
BENEFITS of Physical
Fitness
13. 12
Health-related Components
• Flexibility- the range of movement possible at various joints
• Cardiovascular Endurance- the ability of the heart, blood,
blood vessels and the respiratory system to supply oxygen
and necessary fuel to the muscles during physical activity
• Muscular Strength- the ability of a muscle group to apply a
maximal force against a resistance one time.
• Muscular endurance- ability to repeat muscle movement for
a long period of time
• Body Composition- the ratio of fat to muscles, bone, and
other tissues that compose your body
14. 13
Skill-related Components
• Power- combines speed and strength, it's how fast you can
generate a maximal force.
• Agility- ability to move quickly and to easily change
direction.
• Balance- ability to adjust your body position to remain
upright.
• Reaction time- how quickly you can respond to an external
stimulus.
• Coordination- the body’s ability to perform smooth and
efficient movements.
• Speed- rate at which something moves.
15. 14
• consist of different types of tests and exercises
used to determine your overall health and physical
fitness level.
• assess your strength, endurance, and flexibility.
• series of tests that measures and monitors
students' physical fitness level.
• The series of tests assess the five (5) components
of health-related fitness.
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT
16. 15
• Is designed to determine an individual’s
safety when starting a new exercise
plan.
I- PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
READINESS QUESTIONNAIRE
(PAR-Q)
17. 16
• a person’s weight in kilograms divided by
the square of height in meters.
• an inexpensive and easy screening
method for weight category—underweight,
healthy weight, overweight, and obesity.
II-BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)
18. 18
BMI INTERPRETATION
BMI Weight Status
Below 18.5 Underweight
18.5 – 24.9
Normal or Healthy
Weight
25.0 – 29.9 Overweight
30.0 and Above Obese
19. 18
Body Mass Index COMPUTATION
BMI = weight (kg)
_________
Formula:
height (m)²
Given:
weight - 75 kg.
height - 180 cm.
Solution:
Step 1.
BMI = w (kg)
____
h (m)²
BMI = 75 kg.
180 cm.
____
BMI = 75 kg.
( 1.8 m.)²
____ Step 2.
BMI = 75 kg.
3.24 m.
____
ANSWER: 23. 15 → NORMAL
23. 22
• The position in which we hold our bodies
while standing, sitting, or lying down.
HEALTHY POSTURE
POSTURE
• The correct alignment of body parts supported
by the right amount of muscle tension against
gravity.
24. 23
BENEFITS OF GOOD POSTURE
• Helps us keep bones and joints in correct alignment so
that our muscles are used correctly, decreasing the
abnormal wearing of joint surfaces that could result in
degenerative arthritis and joint pain.
• Reduces the stress on the ligaments holding the spinal
joints together, minimizing the likelihood of injury.
• Allows muscles to work more efficiently, allowing the body
to use less energy and, therefore, preventing muscle
fatigue.
• Helps prevent muscle strain, overuse disorders, and even
back and muscular pain.
25. 24
CONTRIBUTING FACTORS THAT
CAN AFFECT POSTURE
• Stress
• Obesity
• Pregnancy
• weak postural muscles
• abnormally tight muscles
• high-heeled shoes
• poor work environment
• incorrect working posture
• unhealthy sitting and standing habits
26. 25
ERGONOMIC TIP While sitting at a desk:
• Keep your feet on the floor or on a footrest, if they don’t reach the
floor.
• Don’t cross your legs. Your ankles should be directly in front of your
knees.
• Keep a small gap between the back of your knees and the front of
your seat.
• Your knees should be at or below the level of your hips.
• Adjust the backrest of your chair to support your low- and mid-back
or use a back support.
• Relax your shoulders and keep your forearms parallel to the ground.
• Avoid sitting in the same position for long periods of time. Take
breaks and move your body.
27. 26
ERGONOMIC TIP When standing:
• Bear your weight primarily on the balls of your feet.
• Keep your knees slightly bent.
• Keep your feet about shoulder-width apart.
• Let your arms hang naturally down the sides of the body.
• Stand straight and tall with your shoulders pulled down and
backward.
• Tuck your stomach in.
• Keep your head level. Your earlobes should be in line with your
shoulders. Do not push your head forward, backward, or to the
side.
• Shift your weight from your toes to your heels, or one foot to the
other, if you must stand for a long time.
28. 27
ERGONOMIC TIP When lying down in bed:
• Find the mattress that is right for you. While a firm mattress is
generally recommended, some people find that softer
mattresses reduce their back pain. Your individual comfort
should guide your choice.
• Choose the right pillow, too. Special pillows are available to
help with postural problems resulting from poor sleeping
positions.
• Avoid sleeping on your stomach.
• Sleep on your side or back, which is often helpful for back
pain. If you sleep on your side, place a pillow between your
legs. If you sleep on your back, keep a pillow under your
knees.
29. 28
• the position in which your back and neck are
placed under the least amount of stress and
strain, allowing them to function properly without
damage and, therefore, without pain.
• integral part of relieving back and neck pain.
NEUTRAL SPINE
31. 30
• a standard reference
position that is used to
define terms that
describe the physical
location of structures of
the body and points on
the body
ANATOMIC
POSITION
32. 31
Plane of Motion
Sagittal plane
⚬ dividing the body into left and right halves
using an imaginary line
⚬ Any forward and backward movement
parallel to this line
Frontal plane
• With the same imaginary line, divide the body
into front and back halves and you have the
frontal plane.
• Any lateral (side) movement parallel to the line
33. 32
Plane of Motion
Transverse plane
• divides the body into superior and inferior
halves.
• Movement parallel to the waistline, otherwise
known as rotational movement
34. 33
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF LOCATION
MEDIAL LATERAL
• a line in the sagittal
plane, splitting the right
and left halves evenly
• towards the midline
• away from the midline
EXAMPLE:
• The nose is medial to
the ears.
• The eye is lateral to the
nose.
35. 34
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF LOCATION
ANTERIOR POSTERIOR
• refers to the ‘front’
• refers to the ‘back’
EXAMPLE:
• The kneecap is located
on the anterior side of
the leg
• The shoulder blades are
located on the posterior
side of the body
36. 35
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF LOCATION
SUPERIOR INFERIOR
• Means “higher” • Means “lower”
EXAMPLE:
• The nose is superior
to the mouth
37. 36
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF LOCATION
PROXIMAL DISTAL
• means closer to its
origin
• means further away
from its origin
EXAMPLE:
• The nose is superior to
the mouth
• The knee joint is
proximal to the ankle
joint.
39. 38
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF MOVEMENT
FLEXION EXTENSION
• refers to a
movement
that
decreases
the angle
between
two body
parts
• refers to a
movement
that
increases
the angle
between
two body
parts
40. 39
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF MOVEMENT
ABDUCTION ADDUCTION
• a
movement
away from
the midline
• a movement
towards the
midline
41. 40
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF MOVEMENT
ELEVATION DEPRESSION
• refers to movement in a
superior direction
• refers to movement in
an inferior direction.
42. 41
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF MOVEMENT
PRONATION SUPINATION
• turn your
hand onto
its back,
palm up
• flip your
hand onto
its front,
palm
down.
43. 42
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF MOVEMENT
DORSIFLEXI
ON
PLANTARFL
EXION
• refers to
flexion at
the ankle,
so that the
foot points
more
superiorly.
• refers
extension
at the
ankle, so
that the foot
points
inferiorly.
44. 43
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF MOVEMENT
INVERSION EVERSION
• involves the movement
of the sole towards the
median plane – so that
the sole faces in a
medial direction.
• involves the
movement of the sole
away from the median
plane – so that the
sole faces in a lateral
direction.
45. 44
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF MOVEMENT
OPPOSITION REPOSITION
• brings the
thumb and
little finger
together.
• a movement
that moves
the thumb
and the little
finger away
from each
other,
effectively
reversing
opposition
46. 45
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF MOVEMENT
PROTRACTION RETRACTION
• describes the anterolateral
movement of the scapula
on the thoracic wall that
allows the shoulder to
move anteriorly
refers to the posteromedial
movement of the scapula
on the thoracic wall, which
causes the shoulder region
to move posteriorly i.e.
picking something up
47. 46
ANATOMICAL TERMS OF MOVEMENT
CIRCUMDUCTION
• conical movement
of a limb extending
from the joint at
which the
movement is
controlled.
