Plastic management is important for our society. we should have to know about plastic waste management.

1. TECHNICAL PRESENTATION
&
SEMINAR
on
Plastic waste management
NEERAJ NAGARKOTI
19-32-09/11

2. CONTENTS
Introduction
Types of Plastic Materials
Categorization of Plastic
Sources of Plastic Waste
Environmental Issues
Conventional Technology for Plastic Waste Management
New Technology for Plastic Waste Management
Conclusion
8/30/2016 2

3. INTRODUCTION
The term “plastics” includes materials composed of various
elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, and
sulphur.
Plastics are macromolecules, formed by polymerization and having
the ability to be shaped by the application of reasonable amount of
heat and pressure or any other form of forces.
It is one of the few new chemical materials which pose
environmental problem.
Polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene is largely used in the
manufacturing of plastics.
8/30/2016 3

4. Background
Rapid population growth, urbanization and industrial growth have
led to severe problem of waste generation in urban centres.
The waste quantities increased from 46 million tones in 2001 to 65
million tones in 2010.
Report says that per capita per day production will increase to 0.7 kg
in 2050.
The characteristics of waste depends on various factors such as
food habits, traditions, lifestyle, climate etc.
8/30/2016 4

5. Types of plastic materials
Plastics, depending on their physical properties, may be classified
as thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic materials.
Thermoplastic materials can be formed into desired shapes under
heat and pressure and become solids on cooling. If they are
subjected to the same conditions of heat and pressure, they can be
remoulded.
Thermosetting materials which once shaped cannot be
softened/remoulded by the application of heat.
Out of total uses of plastic, 80% are Thermoplastic and 20% are
Thermosetting.
8/30/2016 5

6. Categorization of plastic

7. Sources of plastic waste

8. Environmental Issues on disposal of
PLASTIC WASTE
Plastic pollute beaches & oceans.
Plastic bags litter the landscape.

9. Plastic bags kill animals.
During product manufacturing various types of gases are released.
Burning of plastics generates toxic emissions such as Carbon
Monoxide, Chlorine, Hydrochloric Acid, Dioxin, Furans, Amines,
Nitrides, Styrene, Benzene, 1, 3- butadiene, CCl4, and
Acetaldehyde.

10. Sub-standard plastic bags, films etc. pose problem in collection
and recycling.
Littered plastics give unaesthetic look and choke the drain.
Garbage mixed with plastics interferes in waste processing
facilities and also cause problems in landfill operations.
Lead and Cadmium pigments, commonly used in LDPE, HDPE
and PP as additives are toxic and are known to leach out.
Non-recyclable plastic wastes poses disposal problem.

11. Plastic Waste Management
Disposal of plastic waste is a serious concern in India. New
technologies have been developed to minimize their
adverse effect on the environment.
Co-processing of plastic waste plastic Waste Management

12. Conventional Technology for
Plastic Waste Management
 Recycling of plastics through environmentally sound
manner
Plastics recycling technologies have been historically
divided into four general types- primary, secondary, tertiary
and quaternary.
Steps Involved in the Recycling Process:
Selection: The recyclers/reprocessors have to select the
waste /scrap which are suitable for recycling/ reprocessing.
Segregation: The plastics waste shall be segregated as
per the codes mentioned in the BiS guidelines.
Processing: After selection and segregation of the
preconsumer waste (factory waste) shall be directly
recycled. The post consumer waste (used plastic waste)
shall be washed, shredded, agglomerated, extruded and
granulated.

13. New Technology for Plastic Waste management
Polymer Blended Bitumen Road
A brief description of the technique used in laying road
using plastic waste is given in figure.

14. Co-processing of Plastic waste in Cement Kiln
Co-processing of plastic waste as Alternative Fuel and
Raw Material (AFR).
Co-processing indicate substitution of primary fuel and raw
material by waste.
Waste material such as plastic waste used for co-processing
are referred to as alternative fuels and raw material (AFR).
One of the advantage of recovery method used in existing
facility is eliminating the need to invest on other plastic waste
practices and to secure land filling.

15. Plasma Pyrolysis Technology (PPT)
Pyrolysis is the thermal disintegration of carbonaceous
material in oxygen-starved atmosphere.
The intense and versatile heat generation capabilities of
Plasma Pyrolysis technology enable it to dispose of all
types of plastic waste including polymeric, biomedical and
hazardous waste in a safe and reliable manner.
When optimized, the most likely compounds formed are
methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen carbon dioxide and
water molecules.

16. Conversion of Plastics Waste into liquid fuel
The entire process is undertaken in closed reactor vessel
followed by condensation, if required.
Waste plastics while heating upto 2700 to 3000 C convert
into liquid-vapour state, which is collected in condensation
chamber in the form of liquid fuel.
The tarry liquid waste is topped-down from the heating
reactor vessel.
The organic gas is generated which can be used in dual
fuel diesel generator set for generation of electricity.

17. CONCLUSION
Plastic Waste Management has assumed great significance
in view of the urbanisation activities.
Various strategies are being devised to mitigate the impact
of plastic waste in India.
Some significant challenges still exist from both
technological factors and from economic or social
behaviour issues relating to the collection of recyclable
wastes, and substitution for virgin material.