Details of Plastic Waste management Rules, 2016, case studies on Pastic Waste management, Alternatives of plastic items

1. PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT

2. plastic Waste (management and handling)Rules.2016
Plastic
Plastic
waste
Discarded plastic
After intended
use is over
Waste
manage
ment
the collection,
storage,
transportation
reduction,
re-use,
recovery,
recycling,
composting
disposal
Means material
which contains as an
essential ingredient
a high polymer :
polyethylene
terephthalate,
high density
polyethylene,
Vinyl, low
density
polyethylene
,polypropylene

3. Polyethylene oxide
High density polyethylene
Vinyl
Polyethylene
terephthalate
Polypropylene

4. Need of Plastic waste management Rules:
 Plastic Pollutes Beaches and Oceans
 Plastic bag litters the landscape

5.  Plastic kills animal
 Indiscriminate disposal of plastic makes land infertile.
 Disposing plastic into water risks marinelife.
 Burned plastic releases poisonous chemicals in theair.
Need of Plastic waste management Rules:

6. JUDGEMENTS:
Sarita Agnihotri Vs. State of M.P. and others 2004 (1)MPLJ 71
The petitioner, the President of an organisation called
'People for Animals' has preferred this writ petition
under Article 226 of the Constitution to issue a writ
in the nature of mandamus commanding the
respondents to direct all the Collectors of the
districts to issue orders forthwith banning the sale
and consumption of polythene bags.
Guidelines Issued by court:
1. Constitution of prescribed authority.
2. SPCBshall check that no manufacturing takesplace.
3. Installation of Containers
4. Checking Squad

7. 2. Kerala Federation of Women Lawyer Vs. Corporation of Cochin
2011 (4)KLT 785
• Public Interest Litigation
• Filed by Kerala Foundation of women lawyers
• To prevent all kind of health hazard.
Court Held:
Court issued order of prohibition against any person
disposing or dumping waste in plastic carry bags or in
any other non-biodegradable material in any public
place or road side and if any person is found doing it,
the Police should prosecute such person under S. 268
read with Ss. 269 and 278 of the Indian Penal Code.
JUDGEMENTS:

8. 1999 recycled plastic
manufacture and usage rules
then in 2011 the Plastic Waste
(Management and Handling) Rules, 2011
were notified in 2011, which included
plastic waste management.
The Government has notified the Plastic Waste Management
Rules, 2016, in suppression of the earlier Plastic Waste
(Management and Handling) Rules, 2011. The Plastic Waste
Management Rules, that were notified on 18th March, 2016.
Introduction and Development of PWMR Rules:
The indiscriminate disposal of plastic has become a major threat to the
environment. In particular, the plastic carry bags are the biggest contributors of
littered waste and every year, millions of plastic bags end up in to the
environment vis-a-vis soil, water bodies, water courses, etc and it takes an
average of one thousand years to decompose completely. Thereby there is need
of plastic waste management to deal with all plastic waste related problems.

9. PLASTIC WASTEMANAGEMNT RULES2016- WHAT’S NEW ?
Minimum thickness of Plastic carry bags increased
from 40-50 Microns.
Responsibility of local bodies and gram panchayat.
Responsibility of Waste generator.
Collect back system and extended producer’s liability.
Responsibility of retailers and street vendors.
Registration of shopkeepers and street vendors.

10. (1)These rules shall apply toevery
 Waste Generator
 Local body,
 Gram Panchayat,
 manufacturer,
 Importers and producer.
(2) The rule 4 shall not apply to
the export oriented units or units in special economic zones,
notified by the Central Government, manufacturing their products
against an order for export: Provide this exemption shall not apply to
units engaged in packaging of gutkha, tobacco and pan masala and
also to any surplus or rejects, left over products and thelike.

11. 3(C)carry bags mean bags made from plastic material or
compostable plastic material, used for
carrying or dispensing commodities which
have a self carrying feature but do not
include bags that constitute or form an
integral part of the packaging.
3(e)compostabl
e plastics”
mean plastic that undergoes degradation by
biological processes during composting to
yield CO2, water, inorganic compounds and
biomass at a rate consistent with other known
compostable materials.
3(h)extended
producer’s
responsibility
means the responsibility of a producer for the
environmentally sound management of the
product until the end of its life;
3(l)“institutional
waste generator
means and includes occupier of the
institutional buildings.
Rule:3 DEFINITIONS

12. 3(m) “manufacturer” means and include a person or unit or agency engaged in production of plastic
raw material to be used as raw material by the producer.
3(s) “producer” means persons engaged in manufacture or import of carry bags or multi-
layered packaging or plastic sheets or like.
3(n)“multi- layered
packaging”
means any material used or to be used for packaging and having at least one
layer of plastic as the main ingredients with one or more layers of materials
such as paper, aluminium foil etc.
3(o) “plastic” means material which contains as an essential ingredient a high polymer such
as polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene, Vinyl, low density
polyethylene,polypropylene, polystyrene resins, multi-materials like acrylonitrile
butadiene styrene ,polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, Polybutylene
terephthalate;
3(q)“plastic waste” means any plastic discarded after use or after their intended use is over
3(t) "recycling" means the process of transforming segregated plastic waste into a new product
or raw material for producing newproducts;

13. 3(u)
"registration”
means registration with the State
Pollution Control Board or Pollution
Control Committee concerned, as the case may
be.
3(v) “street
vendor”
shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in
clause (l) of sub-section (1) of Section 2 of the
Street Vendors Act.
3(w) “local
body”
means urban local body with different
nomenclature such as municipal corporation,
municipality, nagarpalika, nagarnigam, nagar
panchayat.
3(y)“waste
generator”
means and includes every person or group of
persons or institution, residential and
commercial establishments.
3(z)“waste
management”
means the collection, storage, transportation
reduction, re-use, recovery,recycling,
composting or disposal of plastic waste in an
environmentally safe manner;

14. Rule 4: Conditions
• Natural Shade
• Recycled Plastic not to be used for packaging of edibles.
• Thickness of plastic shall be not less than 50 Microns.
• Plastic sheet forming part of integral packaging shall be not
less than 50 Microns.
• Only Registered Producer to be provided Raw material.
• Plastic Sachets not be used for packaging Gutka, Pan masala,
Tobacco

15. Plastic
waste
Recycle
Plastic
waste
recycler
Local
bodies
Encourage
use of non
recyclable
plastic
For road
constructio
n
1. 2.
Thermo
set plastic
Processed
and
disposed
Guideline
s issued
by CPCB
3.
Inert from
recycling or
processing
Disposed of
Compliance
with solid waste
managemnt
rules,2000
4.
Rule 5:Plastic wastemanagement:
The plastic waste management by the urban local bodies shall be as under

16. Rule6. Responsibility of localbody
(1) Every local body shall be responsible for setting up of infrastructure for segregation, collection,
storage, transportation, processing and disposal of the plastic waste.
(2) Function Of Local Body
(a) Ensuring
segregation,
collection,
storage,
transportatio
n, processing
and disposal
of plastic
waste;
(b) ensuring
that no
damage is
caused to the
environment
during this
process;
(c) ensuring
channelizatio
n of
recyclable
plastic waste
fraction to
recyclers;
(d) ensuring
processing
and disposal
on non-
recyclable
fraction of
plastic waste
in
accordance
(e) creating
awareness
among all
stakeholders
about their
responsibilities
;
(f) engaging
civil societies
or groups
working with
waste
pickers; and
(g) ensuring
that open
burning of
plastic waste
does not take
place.
(3) The local body for setting up of system for plastic waste management shall seek
assistance of producers.

17. Rule7. Responsibility of Gram Panchayat.-
(1) Every gram panchayat either on its own or by engaging an agency shall
set up, operationalize and co-ordinate for waste management in the rural
area under their control and for performing the associated functions,
namely,-
(a) ensuring segregation, collection,
storage, transportation, plastic waste
and channelization of recyclable
plastic waste fraction to recyclers
having valid registration; ensuring
that no damage is caused to the
environment during this process;
(b) creating awareness among all
stakeholders about their
responsibilities; and
(c) ensuring that open burning of
plastic waste does not take place.

18. Rule8. Responsibility of waste generator
1.Waste generator shall minimize generation of plastic waste and
segregate Not litter plastic waste and handover segregated plastic
waste – local bodies
2. All institutional waste generator shall segregate and store in
accordance with municipal solid waste management rules
3.All waste generator shall pay user fee.
4.Every person responsible for organising an event in open space,
which involves service of food stuff in plastic or multilayered
packaging shall segregate and manage the waste generated
during such event.

19. Rule9. Responsibility of producers, Importers and Brand Owners
Producer
Within 6 months(from
date of publication of
rules)
Shall work out for
waste collection
system based on EPR
Producers , Importers
and Brand owners
Responsible to collect
back sachets or pouches
Plan of collection to be
submitted to SPCB
Manufacturing and
use of
Non recyclable
multi-layered plastic
To be phased out in
2 years

20. Producer within 3
Months of publication
of Rules
Shall apply to PCB For Registration
No producer
After expiry of 6
months(without
Registration)
Use any plastic or
multilayered packaging
Producer to maintain record Of raw material supplier
Contd.

21. thickness.
registration number
name,
carry bag;
Rule 11. Marking or labeling-
(1) Each plastic carry bag and multilayered packaging shall have the following
information printed in English namely,-
certificate
number
name
Compostable
plastic
registration number of
the manufacturer
Name
Multilayered packaging

22. Rule12. Prescribed Authority
State Pollution control board and
pollution control committee
Enforcement of
provisions for
registration,manufacturi
ng of plastic
products,processing and
disposal
Union Territory
Secretary in-charge of uraban
development
Enforcemnt of
provisons relating
to waste
managemnt by
waste generators
State and union
territory
Concerned gram panchayat
Provisons relating to
waste managemnt by
waste generator
Rural area (state
or Union)

23. Rule 13. Registration of producer, recyclers and manufacturer
(1) No person shall
manufacture carry bags
or recycle plastic bags or
multi-layered packaging
unless he has obtained a
REGISTRATION
From SPCBor pollution
control committee
(2) Every producer
shall,
For REGISTRATION Or
RENEWAL of
Registration
make an application to
the SPCBor the
Pollution Control
Committee
(3) Every person recycling
or processing waste or
proposing to recycle or
process plastic waste
for REGISTRATION or
RENEWAL of registration
for the recycling unit,
shall make an application
to SPCBor the Pollution
Control Committee.

24. (6) The State Pollution Control
Board or the Pollution Control
Committee shall not renew
registration of producer
unless the producer possesses
an action plan
endorsed by the Secretary in
charge of Urban Development
of the concerned State or Union
Territory for setting of plastic
waste management system.
(5) SPCBor pollution
control committee not
to issue certificate of
registration
Unless unit possess
valid consent under
Water and air
(prevention and
control of pollution)act
Contd.
(4) Every manufacturer
engaged in manufacturer of
plastic to be used as raw
material by the producer
for the grant of registration
or for the renewal of
registration, in Form III.
shall make an application to
the State Pollution Control
Board or the Pollution
Control Committee of the
Union territory concerned.

25. decision on the
grant of
registration
shall be taken
within
ninety days of
receipt of an
application
which is
complete in all
respects.
(9) The
registration
granted under
this rule shall
initially be valid
for a period of
one year,
unless revoked,
suspended or
cancelled and
shall
subsequently be
granted for three
years.
(10) State Pollution
Control Board or
the Pollution
Control
Committees shall
not revoke,
suspend or cancel
registration
without providing
the opportunity of
a hearing to the
producer or person
engaged in
recycling or
processing of
plastic wastes.
(11) Every
application for
renewal of
registration
shall be made
at
least one
hundred twenty
days before the
expiry of the
validity of the
registration
certificate.
Contd.

26. Rule 14. Responsibility of retailers and street vendors-
Retailers or street vendors shall not sell or provide
commodities to consumer in carry bags or plastic sheet or
multi-layered packaging, which are not manufactured and
labelled or marked, as per prescribed under these rules.
(2) Every retailers or street vendors selling or
providing commodities in, plastic carry bags or
multilayered packaging or plastic sheets or like or
covers made of plastic sheets which are not
manufactured or labelled or marked in accordance
with these rules shall be liable to pay such fines as
specified under the bye-laws of the local bodies.

27. (1) The shopkeepers and street vendors willing to provide plastic carry
bags for dispensing any commodity shall register with local body. The
local body shall, within a period of six months shall make provisions for
such registration on payment of a minimum fees of Rs. 48,000 i.e. Rs.
4000 p.m. as plastic waste management fees.
(2) Only the registered shopkeepers or street vendors shall be eligible
to provide plastic carry bags for dispensing the commodities.
(3) The local body shall utilize the amount paid by the customers for the
carry bags exclusively for the sustainability of the waste management
system within their jurisdictions.

28. .
EVERYPERSON (engaged in recycling or processing)
Local body(under intimation to SPCB)
State pollution control board, pollution control committee
Central pollution control board
Central Government

29. The following states banned the use of plastic carry bags
partially or fully:
PLASTIC BAGS BANNED IN INDIA
Tripura, Haryana, Himachal
Pradesh, Jharkhand,
Meghalaya
Nagaland, Rajasthan,
Chandigarh, Delhi, Sikkim
TOTAL BANNED ON
USE OF PLASTIC
CARRY BAGS
Arunachal Pradesh, Gujarat,
Uttar Pradesh, Kerela ,
Madhya Pradesh, Odhissa,
West Bengal
PARTIAL BANNED ON
USE OF PLASTIC
CARRY BAGS

30.  Germany South Africa,
 (OB) Italy,
 (OB 2010) Australia,
 (OB in supermarkets 2008) India, (OB in area's including Mumbai)
 Somalia, (OB) Botswana,
 (OB) Philippines,
 (OB) Kenya,
 (OB) Japan Turkey Zanzibar,
 (OB) Eritrea,
 (OB) Ethiopia,
 (OB) Papua New Guinea,
 (OB) Samoa,
 (OB) Belgium,
 (OB) Malta China

31. Parameters
Plastic Waste (Management and
Handling) Rules, 2011 Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016
Scope of application
•Applicable only to the municipal areas
Applicable to every
• waste generator,
• gram panchayat
• local bodies
• manufacturers, Importers and producers.
•Jurisdiction also extended to rural area also.
Prohibition
Minimum thickness for plastic carry bags
40 microns only.
Minimum thickness of plastic carry bags increased
from 40 to 50 microns.
Responsibility of
Waste Generators
Waste generators like- event organisers,
institutional generators etc. earlier were
not under any specific responsibility,
within these rules.
Individual and bulk generators like commercial
establishments, offices, industries, event organizers
have to segregate the plastic waste at source,
handover segregated waste, and also pay user fee as
prescribed by ULB and spot fine in case of violation.
Responsibility of
retailers, street
vendors
No specification.
Only the shopkeepers, or street vendors registered
with the local body after payment of a fee (Rs.
48,000/- @Rs 4,000/- per month) will be eligible to
provide plastic carry bags for dispensing the
commodities.
Extended Producer
Responsibility (EPR)
for producers and
brand owners
No specification
introduced EPR for producers and brand owners –
making them responsible for the waste generated
from their products.

32. TECHNOLOGIES AND
CASE STUDIES

33. Utilization of Plastic Waste in Road Construction

34. Utilization of Plastic Waste in Road Construction
(As perprovision 5(b)of PWM Rules, 2016)

35. Advantages of Plastic Waste in Road Construction
• Stripping and pothole formation: Bitumen film is often stripped off
the aggregates because of the penetration of water, which results in
pothole formation. This is accelerated during the movement of
vehicle. When polymer is coated over aggregate, the coating reduces
its affinity for water due to non wetting nature of the polymer and
this resists the penetration of water. Hence the penetration of water is
reduced which resists stripping and hence no pothole formation takes
place on these roads.
• Leaching: Polymer will not leach out of the bitumen layer, even after
laying the road
using waste plastics-bitumen aggregate mix.
• Effect of Bleeding: Waste polymer-bitumen blend shows higher
softening temperature. This increase will reduce the bleeding of
bitumen during the summers.
• Effect of Fly Ash: Roads made from plastic-bitumen mix inhibits
leaching of toxic compounds into soil.

36. Shredded plastic waste used to construct polymerised roads.
• Clean Kerala Company Ltd,
functioning under the LSG
Department, Government of
Kerala is promoting this model.
• Eg. Kaloor Manapattyparambu
Road, Polymerized road of
Cochin Corporation, 2009.
• Even small municipalities such
as Vengurla in Maharashtra are
using plastic in their roads.

37. Co-processing of Plastic Waste in Cement Kilns
 Out of 180 cement plants, around
38 cement plants located in MP, HP,
Odisha, TN etc. are using plastic waste
 Automatic feeding mechanism for feeding PW to
cement kilns
 Plastic Waste is used alternative fuel and raw
(AFR) material and destroyed at a higher
temperature of around 14000C
 PWis inorganic content gets fixed with the clinker.
 Setting-up of laboratory for plastics waste
analysis.
 Monitoring of emission by cement
industry/SPCBs.
 Maintaining log-book and forwarding progress
report to CPCB.
Collection
Segregation &
Pre-processing
Transportation to
Cement kilns

38. Conversion of Plastic Waste into liquid RDF (Oil)
 Mechanical segregation of plastic waste from mixed MSW dump-
yard/storage.
 Transportation of segregated plastic waste through conveyor
belt for optical segregation.
 Optical segregation of plastic waste (only HD, LD, PP and multilayer
packaging except PVC.
 Shredding of plastic waste and dislodging dust and impurities.
 Transportation of segregated (100% plastic waste) into feeding
hopper (reactor).
 Feeding of plastic waste into reactor of random depolymerization in
presence of additives.
 Collection of liquid RDF (fuel)
 Collection of rejects and solid waste (charcoal)

39. Plasma Pyrolysis Technology (PPT)
• Pyrolysis is the thermal disintegration of carbonaceous material in
oxygen-starved atmosphere
• Plasma Pyrolysis, firstly the plastics waste is fed into the primary
chamber at 580ºC
• Secondary chamber temperature is maintained at 1050ºC
• Conversion of organic waste into non toxic gases (CO2, H2O) is
more than 99%
• Segregation of the different categories of plastic waste not
necessary
• Athigh temperature ensure treatment of all types of waste
without discrimination
• Heat Energy can be used for beneficial purposes
• PPT can be used in hill stations, tourist places and pilgrimage
centers

40. Recycling of Plastics in an Environment
Friendly Manner
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pyz33PEitD0
Eco-friendly Waste Plastics Processing Machine Developed by CQMS, JU and Prof. S.K. Ghosh

41. ALTERNATIVES TO COMBAT
PLASTIC WASTE

42. Edible Glass from Seaweed
Edible Glass Developed by Indonesian Startup

43. Edible Cutlery

44. The sellers of shopkeeper should
encourage the individual buyers to bring their
own conventional shopping bags made of jute, cloth bag, woven
plastic fibre etc.
ALTERNATIVES OF PLASTIC CARRY BAGS

45. The ‘Thonga’ made of old
paper may be an
alternative of packaging
light grocery items.
ALTERNATIVES OF PLASTIC CARRY BAGS

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07-09-2018 AM 02:35
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