2. 1
• INTRODUCTION
2
• SYNTHESIS & COMPOSITION
3
• CLASSIFICATION
4
• PLASTIC RESIN CODES
5
• WHY PEOPLE CHOOSE PLASTICS
6
• IMPACTS OF PLASTIC WASTES
7
• IMPACTS ON HUMAN HEALTH
8
• ALTERNATIVES
9
• PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
10
• CONCLUSION
Topics To Be Covered….
3. Plastic is a material consisting of any of a wide range
of synthetic or semi-synthetic organics that are malleable
and can be molded into solid objects of diverse shapes.
Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular
mass, but they often contain other substances. They are
usually synthetic, most commonly derived from
petrochemicals, but many are partially natural.
INTRODUCTION
4. Synthesis
Composition
The vast majority of plastics are composed of
polymers of carbon and hydrogen alone or with
oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine or sulfur in the backbone.
Polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene is largely
used in the manufacture of plastics
Synthesis & Composition
O2, 200 0C
Ethene Polythene (LDPE)
(CH2 =CH2) 200 atm ([-CH2 =CH2-]n)
5. • Plastics that do not
undergo chemical
change during heating
and cooling
Thermoplast
• Thermoset are
permanently "set" once
they're initially formed
and can't be melted.
Thermoset
plastic wrap,
food
containers,
lighting panels,
garden hoses,
and the plastic
bag.
kitchen tools,
glues,
varnishes,
electronic
components
Classification
7. Plastic Resin Codes
PETE
Fizzy drink bottles and oven-ready meal trays
HDPE
Bottles for milk and washing-up liquids.
PVC
Food trays, cling film, bottles for squash,
mineral water and shampoo.
LDPE
Carrier bags and bin liners
PP
Microwaveable meal trays, margarine
tubs , medicinal bottles
PS
Pots, fish trays, boxes and cartons, cups, plastic
cutlery , packaging for electronic goods and toys
Other
Water Gallons , Baby milk bottles , Beverage bottles
, melamine cups
9. Resistance to
chemicals, water
and impact
Good safety and
hygiene
properties for
food packaging
Excellent thermal
and electrical
insulation
properties Relatively
inexpensive
to produce.
Lighter weight
than competing
materials,
reducing fuel
consumption
during
transportation.
10. Impacts Of Plastic Wastes……….
It is an environmental catastrophe of our own making
We produce over 300 million tons of plastic every year.
Nearly half of this we use just once then throw it away
11. How does plastic waste impacts oceans?
Plastic bags pose a serious danger to birds and marine animals that
often mistake them for food
12. Careless disposal of plastic bags chokes drains, blocks
the porosity of the soil, and causes problems for
groundwater recharge.
14. Impacts On Human Health
Plastic When burn in air
When plastic burned in air it releases
a host of poisonous chemicals into
the air, including dioxin
Dioxins are found in the environment
and they accumulate in the food chain,
mainly in the fatty tissue of animals.
15. Plastic Poison - Styrofoam
Styrofoam contains the chemical styrene, which has
been linked to cancer and some more diseases
when you eat hot foods or drink liquids from Styrofoam
plates and cups, the styrene leaches out of the Styrofoam
and into our bodies
16. Pollution due to plastic bottles….
Bisphenol-A (BPA)
Bisphenol-a (BPA), commonly found in a variety of consumer
products causes a higher risk of certain cancers, reduced fertility,
birth defects and diabetes
BPA is the main component of polycarbonate, the hard, clear
plastic sometimes used to make water bottles, baby bottles,
food storage container
17. What We Can Do?
Say NO to plastic check-out bags
whilst shopping and buy reusable
bags or bring your own for your
shopping instead.
18. What We Can Do?
Replace plastic travel mugs
with stainless steel for
hot beverages.
19. What We Can Do?
Bring your own water bottles when you go out….
Reusable Water Bottles
Help You Go Green and
Stay Healthy
20. Know your plastics..
When you can’t
avoid plastic,
check container
bottoms for
recycling codes
Safer choices
are coded 1, 2,
4 and 5.
Avoid 3, 6 and
most plastics
labeled 7.
21. 3 R’s For Plastics!!!
Reduce
Choose products with minimum
plastic packaging
Reuse
Reuse non toxic containers and
goods
Recycle
Transform it into another usable
material
22. Plastic Waste Management
Conventional Technology New technology
Recycling
Incineration
Land filling
Plasma Pyrolysis
Technology
Liquid Fuel
Bitumen Road
Co –Processing in cement kiln
24. Plasma Pyrolysis Technology(PPT)
Plasma pyrolysis or plasma gasification is a waste treatment
technology that gasifies matter in an oxygen-starved
environment to decompose waste material into its basic
molecular structure.
26. Polymer Blended Bitumen Road
The process of road laying using waste plastics is designed
and the technique is being implemented successfully for
the construction of flexible roads at various places
27. Co-Processing of Plastic Waste into
Cement kiln
One of the most effective methods of recycling of plastics
waste for recovery of energy is its use as an alternative fuel
in cement kilns.
Apart from recycling of plastic for making new products
and saving energy
28. Conclusion
• Enormous quantities of plastic are produced and used.
• It is convenient (use and throw away).
• Although some plastics are recyclable, not enough is recycled.
• Plastic waste pose a serious threat to environment.
• Laws, economical measures and education will help.
31. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to express my profound gratitude and deep
regards to my Advisor
Dr. (Mrs.).M.I.S.Safeena, Senior Lecturer,
Dept. of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Applied
Science, South Eastern University of Sri Lanka,
Sammanthurai
For her excellent supervision , regular
encouragement and constant guidance to make an
effective presentation
