Understanding the Self - from Textbook Presentation

1. Module 7:
Moral Self: Living with
Purpose –
Personal Value &
Philosophy of Life

2. Essential Knowledge
• Dilemma – is a problematic situationin which a difficult choice
must be made.
• Moral – is related to the sense or a standard that determines
what is right and wrong.
• Morality – refers to the systems of the beliefs and values that
ensures that individuals will keep their obligations in
the society and behave in ways that do not interfere
with the rights and interest of others (Gerrig and
Zimbardo, 2002)

3. • Moral Reasoning – refers to the judgments people make about
what courses of action are correct or incorrect
in particular situations (Gerrig and Zimbardo,
2002).
• Reasoning – is a cognitive skill, bit influences moral
development.
• Theory of Moral Development – posits by Lawrence Kohlberg
(1958) by studying the concept of moral reasoning.

4. Level Stage Reason for
Moral Behavior
PreconventionalMorality 1.Pleasure/PainOrientation Toavoid pain,punishment,orgettingcaught
2.Cost-benefitOrientation;reciprocity Togetrewards
ConventionalMorality 3.Good-childOrientation Togain acceptance&avoid disapproval
4.LawandOrderOrientation Tofollowrulesandavoid censurefrom
authorities
PrincipleorPostconventionalMorality 5.SocialContactOrientation Topromote thewelfareofsociety
6.EthicalPrincipleOrientation Toachievejusticeandavoid selfcondemnation
7.CosmicOrientation Tobetrueto universalprinciplesandfeel
oneselfpart ofacosmicdirectionthat
transcendssocialnorms