the four main spheres of the earth

1. THE FOUR MAIN SPHERES
OF THE EARTH.
1. THE HYDROSPHERE
2. THE ATMOSPHERE
3. THE LITHOSPHERE
4. THE BIOSPHERE

2. 1. THE HYDROSPHERE
 Hydro means water.
 The hydrosphere is made up of
water in all form.
 Water exists in form of ice, liquid
and gas (water vapour).
 Ocean/ seawater cover 71% of
planet Earth.
 97% of the water on Earth is salt
water.
 Aquatic plants and animals are
found in this sphere. For example
fish live under water, ushaka marine
in Durban shows the variety of live
under water.

3. 2. THE ATMOSPHERE
 Atmos means air.
 The atmosphere is a blank of
air surrounding the earth.
 It consists of 21% oxygen,
78% nitrogen and 1% of
other gases.
 It protects us from the
harmful rays of the sun.
 Life on earth is supported by
this sphere.
 This is why we should ensure
that we reduce the rate of
pollution.

4. 3.THE LITHOSPHERE
 The lithosphere, sometimes
called the geosphere is made up
of hard rocks and soil.
 It is the land in which we live in.
 The surface in this sphere is
uneven due to the different
landforms found in it such as
mountains, hills, valleys etc.
 includes the Earth's interior,
rocks and minerals, landforms
and the processes that shape
the Earth's surface.

5. THE BIOSPHERE
Bio means life.
It includes animals, humans, plants
and the microorganisms.
Since life exists on the ground, in
the air, and in the water, the
biosphere overlaps all these
spheres.
Here complex community of living
and non-living things functioning
as a single unit.
Each sphere depends on the other
in order to support life on earth.
For example we as humans need
the land to live in, water for our
basic needs and we also need air .

6. REFERENCES
• Moudud, H. (2016). 2 Spheres of the Earth. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/moududhasan/2-spheres-of-
theearth?qid=34de760d-dd6b-4695-bf87-
724255a35f39&v=&b=&from_search=1 (Accessed 15 August 2020).
• Mgitterm. (2017). 2 ESS Earth spheres notes. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/mgitterm/2-ess-earth-spheres-
notes?qid=4256bde8-67e5-4c21-81e6-
d40adaaf7fab&v=&b=&from_search=10 (Accessed 12 August 2020).
• Stephan, J D. (2017). Four Spheres. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/StefanJadeNavarro/four-
spheres?qid=99b10da5-cf2a-4cd0-b623-
46abacdc8bc5&v=&b=&from_search=11 (Accessed 12 August 2020).

7. REFERNCE
• Laura, R. (2016). Earths spheres. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/LauraRicoBeck/earths-spheres-
66260008?qid=6f4882e3-1ec6-4b98-b2df-
f18537233b0a&v=&b=&from_search=14 (Accessed 11 August 2020).
• Jr Martinez, G. (2019). Available online from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/JayArGuzman/earth-structure-
154420539?qid=6f4882e3-1ec6-4b98-b2df-
f18537233b0a&v=&b=&from_search=36 (Accessed 11 August 2020).