2. Supervision
• Supervise means “to watch a person or activity
to make certain that everything is done correctly
and safely”.
• Supervisor: A person watching another person
or team performing some activity and makes
ensure that everything is being done correctly
and safely.
• Supervisor in nuclear industry ensures that the
activity is carried out safely and correctly by
reinforcing station standards and expectations
3. Roles of Supervisor
• Demonstrating effective behavior
• Setting Goals
• Decision making
• Managing Change
• Time Management
• Communication Skills
• Effective Meeting Skills
• Motivation
• Delegation
• Training
4. Good Supervisor
• Fosters trust
• Builds people rather than tears them down
• Is supportive
• Is consistent
• Is caring
• Uses time wisely
• Is persistent to their goals
• Is willing to compromise
• Allows as much freedom is possible
• Is creative
5. Quality supervision requires:
• Clear and specific worker objectives
• Awareness of worker’s needs
• Willingness to facilitate the step-by-step
progression of workers
• A willingness to accept the diversity of workers
including differences in viewing the role of
working, differences in motivation, differences in
interest and differences in cultural perspectives.
6. WANO AFI
• MA AFI Statement: “Shortfalls in tightening
techniques, foreign material exclusion and use of
human error reduction tools are not challenged and
corrected by first line supervisors”
• This has contributed to a reactor trip, a failed
surveillance test and safety-related equipment
malfunctions. Contributing to this is that first line
supervisors lack leadership and supervisory skills
and technical knowledge to reinforce the station
standards and expectations.
7. Field Supervisors / Maintenance
Supervisors in Nuclear Industry
– Supervisor’s role is to supervise the
execution of maintenance activity rather to
involve in the activity.
So that he can guide his team and
supervise the activity properly.
8. WANO PO&C 2019-1
• Maintenance supervisors are knowledgeable of industry
performance, especially in assigned areas; remain
current on industry excellence; and encourage team
ownership of equipment. They understand the
importance of using significant operating experience and
other job-related operating experience to prevent events.
• Maintenance supervisors reinforce favorable worker
behaviors and coach incorrect behaviors in a
professional manner. They ensure workers perform
quality maintenance and document technical information
accurately.
9. WANO PO&C 2019-1
• Maintenance supervisors and workers take
conservative, deliberate actions. They
understand plant conditions, equipment
significance and job preparation.
• Maintenance supervisors verify workers are
trained and qualified before assigning them to
perform specific tasks. They verify that workers
exhibit the correct behaviors to perform high-
quality maintenance through application of
maintenance fundamentals and technical skills.
10. WANO PO&C 2019-1
• Maintenance supervisors ensure workers review
work packages, provide feedback and are ready
to work with all necessary written instructions,
resources, parts, tools and equipment before
starting work.
• Maintenance supervisors influence decision-
making and demonstrate personal ownership
when communicating management decisions to
employees. They develop and maintain an
environment that encourages a healthy
ownership of work and of the plant.
11. Role of Field Supervisors / Maintenance
Supervisors in Nuclear Industry
In a maintenance activity there should be
one supervisor and others are execution
personnel or execution team. There may
be peer checker for the activity but he
should be in addition to supervisor.
Supervisor will check, verify things
independently during the whole activity.
12. Knowledge & Skills
• Maintenance Supervisor should have basic
technical knowledge and skill related to the
specific maintenance job being carried out
• He should have good knowledge of plant
policies/rules and procedures
• He should guide the working team or working
personnel properly
13. Knowledge & Skills
• He should have clear idea about the job, its location, its
environment and clear idea about hazards present in
that location e.g., height, noise, any chemical hazard,
confined space etc. so that he can perform pre-job
briefing and preparations in a better way
• He should have idea about risks associated with the
maintenance activity regarding nuclear safety, risks
related to industrial safety, risks related to equipment
degradation etc.
14. Knowledge & Skills
• He should have clear idea about the precautions to be
adopted in the work and capabilities to emphasize safety
aspects
• He should have clear idea about FME principles, use of
FME covers, FME log (where required) and practices to
minimize chances of foreign material intrusion. He
should stop people crossing the FME barrier installed at
job locations.
• He should have clear idea of using human error
reduction tools/error prevention tools/human
performance tools for the activity
15. Knowledge & Skills
• He should have clear idea about standards related to the
activity
• He should have clear idea about management
expectations
• He should have gone through the relevant procedure or
work instructions for the activity
• He should have proper knowledge about general
tools/special tools to be used for the specific activity
• He just supervise rather to involve as executer of that job
or peer checker if a peer checker is already assigned for
that job
16. Knowledge & Skills
• He must stop the workers for any untoward situation
• He should carefully complete that job regarding final
clean up and restoration steps
• He should report any deficient material condition related
to under maintenance equipment as well as nearby
equipment if observed such condition
• He should have good knowledge about proper labelling,
tag-out requirement so that he can identify deficient
tagging issues
17. Knowledge & Skills
• Supervisor who is going to supervise maintenance
activity in RCA (Radiation Controlled Area) should have
clear idea about zoning and the rooms of high radiation
• He has good knowledge about rigging and lifting
principles and to guide his team for avoiding from lifting
hazard (required near crane operation such as in RX,
FX, TX in RFOs or in any other crane area)
• He should have knowledge about best industrial
practices e.g., not using adjustable wrench, proper
tightening practices etc., for guiding his team properly
18. Knowledge & Skills
• He should have good information about sensitivity of the
activity or any time constraint issue
• For long-term activities such as in RFOs, supervisor
ensure proper and secure placing of removed parts, their
markings, proper covers, etc. whenever team go for
break (e.g., for lunch or tea or at the end of day when
activity is continued till next days)
• Supervisor should perform post job review to address
issues and any improvement for future in that activity.
• Supervisor should identify corrective actions/suggestions
as the result of post-job review in positive manner
