Euthanasia refers to intentionally ending a life to relieve suffering, derived from a Greek word meaning "good death." While originally against Christian teachings, euthanasia is now legal in several jurisdictions like Belgium, Canada, and some US states under certain conditions like terminal illness where it prevents cruelty and respects human rights to decide. However, others argue euthanasia remains illegal as it contradicts religious views, could normalize suicide, and people with mental health issues may not be competent to consent. The impacts on medical research are also debated.