Essay About Earthquakes

Essay On Earthquakes
Earthquakes: A Natural Hazard
Introduction to Earthquakes
An earthquake is a natural hazard that causes death and destruction. Earthquakes mainly occur on the boundary of two tectonic plates, known as
fault lines, as the plates move against each other and get stuck which creates a strain and results in rocks breaking. This releases energy into the
lithosphere (crust and upper mantle) causing shaking of the earth's surface. The energy released is called seismic waves and these are measured
on a logarithmic scale called the Richter scale.
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Effects of Earthquakes (human or physical)
Ground shaking and unstable buildings are some of the short–term physical effects that are caused by seismic waves. Fires can be created when a
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As well as that they should try to find a place that is safe; supplies such as bottled water and canned food should be easy to reach.
Communication systems can be affected so most will set up plans for contacting friends and family.
Immediately after an earthquake looting often happens as many will be without supplies however some people react very differently and try to
help as many people as they can. Countries around the world will send money and food; some may even send volunteers to help and administer
first aid. The rubble will be cleared to free the people trapped. Buildings being made safe is another way they would help but depending on the
country's funding it doesn't always happen immediately. Tourism may decrease as the tourists could be scared of another earthquake or aftershock
occurring.
Long–term responses would be things like building restoration because aftershocks are not unusual. Before or after restoration begins an
investigation may be required to figure out why the building collapsed and if there were any faults in construction. The economy will be
negatively affected as rebuilding is costly and normal work is prevented from happening for quite a while. Whilst there are investments made for
rebuilding and aid is sent in the immediate aftermath, families may struggle with reduced incomes and replacement of clothing and household
items.

Case Studien
Japan
The TЕЌhoku earthquake is a prime example of an earthquake creating a tsunami. With a magnitude
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Narrative Essay About A Earthquake
Have you ever woken up to see half your house gone? Or everything in your house destroyed? I have. I'm Jose age 15 and I live in Mexico.
That day wasn't like a regular day. We heard there was going to be a huge earthquake and that everyone had to leave. Although a lot of people
were leaving, my family didn't have enough money to leave. That day I woke to everything shaking, I was confused. I jumped out of bed and
ran to get my sister 7 years old and my mom. My dad had died when I was two. My mom said he had died in a car crash. But, I can tell that she
was lying. I never questioned her. So I ran to my sister's room avoiding falling things. I ran into her room and picked her up and didn't bother
to wake her. I ran with her on my shoulders to my mom's room. I woke up my mom because I couldn't carry. "Mom, wake up," I said shaking
her. She woke up confused. So I pulled her along. We ran outside into chaos. People running around all crazy. After a few minutes, the
earthquake stopped. I asked my mom if she was ok. "Yes, Jose. Thank you for getting your sister and acting so quickly." My mom replied. I
look back at the destroyed house. "Mama, I'm going to check on the other people." and I went to the old lady Coco's house down the street to
check on her. "Coco! Coco!" I yelled. In a raspy voice, I hear the old woman reply "Here, here." I go through the empty doorway with the door
on the ground. In the house, I saw her pictures on the ground and the walls crumbled

Earthquakes Questions And Answers
EARTHQUAKES
Objective: To define and discuss earthquakes and its effects.
Earthquakes are a major catastrophe and can be a big threat to human lives. To understand earthquakes you must have a clear definition, know its
mechanisms, be able to recognize the size and dynamics and understand its effects:
I. Definition of Earthquake
a. Earthquake
b. Tsunamis
c. Landslides
d. Volcanoes
II. Mechanism
a. Faults
b. Seismic Waves
c. Aftershocks...show more content...
The slipping fault then creates seismic waves in the surrounding rock. Seismic waves create the sound waves in the air. It also carries energy
away from the fault, first to nearby rock. In hours to follow or even days many small earthquakes occur. These are referred to as aftershocks.
Aftershocks are a result of rocks near the fault adjusting to accommodate the new stress levels.
In order to understand the size of an earthquake certain items must be taken into consideration. Strength, classification of seismic waves, logarithm
and intensity are some of the main areas to focus on. The strength depends upon the area of the fault length times width on which the slip occurs,
the amount of the slip and the inherent stiffness of the nearby rock. An earthquake occurring a 100–km (62–mi) fault is about one billion times
stronger than a quake on a 100–m (328–ft) fault. Seismic waves are classified in two areas P–waves, which are your compressional waves, and

S–waves, which are shear waves. These waves are used in detection and location of earthquakes. Several thousand seismometers are in continuous
operation worldwide. These stations record ground motions, detect waves even at great distances from the fault as well as measure arrival time
of P and S waves. Logarithm of moment

Earthquakes Essay
We have to know what earthquakes are in order for us to be prepared against them. Earthquakes are tremors that move the earth. They can create
a lot of damage. Earthquakes have happened around the world. What causes earthquakes to happen? How do we protect ourselves against the
powerful earthquakes? Earthquakes can cause a lot of damage to homes and places so it is important to know where it has happened. Also what
causes them and how do we protect ourselves against earthquakes. To begin with earthquakes can happen around the world. A 6.3earthquake
destroyed historic buildings in Italy. On January 12, 2010 a powerful 7.0...show more content...
It's important to know that earthquakes happen around the world so people are prepared for earthquakes anytime anywhere they are. We
also have to know what earthquakes are to be prepared. Another example is what earthquakes are. Earthquakes are called tremors and can be
tremendously destructive. An earthquakes magnitude is a measured value of its size and is the same no matter where. There is no such
thing as earthquake weather. An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another. The surface where
they slip is called the fault or fault plane. "An earthquake is caused by a sudden slip in the fault."said at an article with earthquake facts at
earthquake.usg.com. Its important to know what earthquakes are caused by so we can understand them better. that way we can protect
ourselves against earthquakes. As well as learning how to protect yourself against earthquakes. An important thing is to duck and cover.
During an earthquake, if you are indoors, it is very important to stay calm and take cover under a heavy object. If you are outdoors, stay as far
away from buildings as possible. Get away from shelves or other areas where objects may fall if in a crowded store or public area. Do not run for
the door. Crouch and cover your head and neck with your hands and arms. " Try to get into an open area." Getting into an open area not

Earthquakes Essay
Earthquakes
Throughout history, man has made many advancements. These advancements have been made to make life easier. The one thing man can't do is
to control Mother Nature. Mother Nature can cause many things such as earthquakes.
The causes of earthquakes have been theorized in many ways. According to the book
Predicting Earthquakes by Gregory Vogt, the Greeks, "blamed the earthquakes on Poseidon, god of the sea"(25). The Hindu believed that "the
earth was a platform that rested on the back of eight great elephants. When one of the elephants grew weary, it lowered and shook its head causing
the ground above to tremble"(Vogt 25). Margaret Poynter writes "many primitive people thought that the earth rested upon the back of some
...show more content...
He made tests, drew a world map, and recreated earthquakes only to find that rocks are being overstressed at the faults. "A fault is the place
where two plates meet and are rubbed against each other" (Groiler Electronic Publishing,
Inc.). The book, Predicting Earthquakes, the author points out "There are generally three kinds of faults: normal, reverse, and strike–slip. By
careful observation and measurement, geologists, acting like detectives, can tell how much a fault moved, which part went up, which part went
down, and which way the fault moved" (Vogt 26). "When one of the plates slip under the great amount of stress at the fault, anearthquake occurs.
The shaking we feel are the passing of long waves" (Putnam 443). "The L–waves (long waves) travel at slower velocities that the primary and
secondary waves. These waves make the largest squiggles on a seismograph but their effect diminishes rapidly with distance. The L–waves are
limited to the crust" (Putnam 443).
One of the two kinds of waves are "Primary waves are a kin to sound waves, and thus produce alternate compression and rarefaction in the medium
through which they travel much like the waves that spread out through the air in all directions from a tuning fork" (Putnam 444).
The second of the two kinds of waves are "Secondary waves, the particles in the rock through which the wave is traveling vibrate at right angles,
or transversely, to the direction of

Essay On Earthquake
The data from nine earthquakes happened in winter and summer time, with magnitudes ranging from M 3.0 to M5.7, was collected at a sampling
rate 200 Hz and preprocessed for the further analysis [4]. Then, dynamic properties of the structure were obtained using modal property
identification toolbox (MPIT 2.0) developed at the University of Auckland [13]. The modes were determined from the following system
identification algorithms: –Frequency domain methods: the peak picking (PP), the frequency domain decomposition (FDD), the enhanced
frequency domain decomposition (EFDD) –Time domain method: stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method [14] identifying the stable
poles by generating singular values around them from the singular value...show more content...
Then, the most plausible modes was chosen by comparison of MAC values of each date for each SI algorithm. Since fundamental mode of
the bridges always excited by the translational ground motions during earthquakes, transverse components of mode shapes only were
described in this research to estimate the input of different bridge components on the bridge dynamic response. The frequency values obtained
by each method, except of SSI for summer dataset, at each season and their mean and coefficient of correlation are shown in Table 3.1 and
Table 3.2. From this figure, the values of fundamental transverse frequency identified by each method are highly correlated for all methods, the
mean coefficient of variation was no more than 0.02. In addition, no relationship between the transverse frequency and the depth of frozen soil
at specific dates was observed. A high correlation between mode shapes, with MAC value 0.95 or higher, was observed for two frequency
domain methods only, FDD and EFDD. Therefore, the average values of natural transverse frequency calculated from the values identified by
each method, 7.69 Hz and 2.85 Hz, and mode shapes obtained by FDD technique (Figure 3.1) were chosen as a baseline experimental values for
the further calibration of the numerical models developed for winter and summer respectively. The bridge transverse response is mainly
symmetrical; the possible

Persuasive Essay On Earthquakes
Faults subsiding, converging, and spreading can break free at any moment causes earthquakes. Earthquakes are unpredictable they can cause all
types of damages and cause deaths to hundreds at in just a few moments. While faults movement show scientist tail–tell signs that say "hey I'm
ready to shift" in any time the faults could slide can slip an unknown distance for an unknown range. This happening can cause one or many
earthquakes to happen even lead to volcano eruptions.
So which would be a worst an 8.1 from the Salton Sea to San Bernardino or a 7.1 offshore of Rose Canyon to New port. While most would
believe that the 8.1 from the Salton Sea would be the worst due to its magnitude and its location. It also will leave large amounts of damage. The
buildings up toward the Salton Sea to San Bernardino are more structurally sound and can with withstand a more abusive shaking. It has the
possibility of having multiple earthquake energies released as well all along the fault. I believe that the 7.1 will actually be the worst for us here in
San Diego for a few reasons.
A 7.1 magnitude earthquake here at rose canyon would be worst for us, due to the fact that our building are not built to withstand the shaking of
an earthquake of that magnitude. Just like an 8.1 earthquake, a 7.1 can also trigger multiple earthquakes on other faults. Our building are not
the only problem we have a lot of areas in San Diego like Mission Bay, Coronado, Point Loma, and few other places heavily saturated sands.
This is because these areas are made of sand deposits from along the Coast. So if an earthquake were to shake that area liquefaction would
happen causing sewage issues due to the location of the sewer plants and their lines. Also, there would be damage to water lines and gas lines.
The buildings would also sink into the ground due to its soft saturated sandy composition. A possible lowering of the ground level once settled.
Let us just remember the earthquake doesn't kill the people. It's the environment and buildings that kill the people.
When preparing for an earthquake there are things you must do in order to protect yourself and your family. First off you need to make sure you
have food and water. If you know you

Essay on The Epicenter of an Earthquake
Earthquakes can devastate a city. They are a force of nature that can destroy any structure. The earth is made up of moving tectonic plates.
Earthquakes occur along or near tectonic plate boundaries where two plates meet. These plates are solid rock and sit on the mantle which is a
layer of molten rock. This molten rock is constantly moving in a convection current. The earth's core is what generates the heat. The hotter rock
rises away from the core and pushes up against the crust. Here it cools and then moves away on both sides. The now cooled rock sinks back to
take the place of the hotter rock that has risen as shown in the diagram on the right. When the rock pushes against the crust it moves sideways.
This moves the tectonic plates...show more content...
As shown in the diagram on the right, the fault runs straight through San Francisco and right along the coast. When the two plates slide along they
create huge quakes that shake the ground. There have been many earthquakes generated from this fault line but the worst one was in 1906.
At 5:12 am on the 18th of April 1906 in San Francisco the foreshock hit the slumbering city. The force of theearthquake was so great that the
tremors were felt right throughout the San Francisco and it reached as far inland as Nevada (500km away). Along the San Andreas fault the plate
slipped up to 21 feet. 20 seconds after the initial foreshock the main earthquake hit, lasting for about 1 minute. Although it lasted for merely a
minute it wrecked mass destruction. After the quake people walked the streets confused. Some people had no idea how much damage had
been done. Some people walked to work as per usual only to find the buildings on a lean or fallen. Not only was there structural damage to the
city but there was a significant loss of life. Many people were trapped under building and cries of help could be heard coming from the piles of
rubble. Those that survived could not be taken to the hospitals as they had sustained major damage. The injured were taken to the dance hall.
What no one realised that the worst was yet to come. The greatest tragedy had not yet unfolded. The earthquake had severed gas mains and

Essay on EarthQuakes
Earthquakes
Earthquakes, one of the most destructive natural phenomena, consist of rapid vibrations of rock near the earth's surface. Because of their
unpredictable occurrence and enormous capacity of destruction, they have brought fear to mankind since ancient times. A single shock usually
lasts no more than a few seconds, but a series of smaller quakes may last for as long as five minutes. The quake felt on the surface is always the
result, not the cause of some underground geologic process, and in many cases the damage done is immense. The Greek word for shaking, and
(when applied to the earth) earthquake, is seismos. Therefore, the science of earthquakes is called seismology (World Book Dictionary...show more
content...
Fires, landslides, tsunami, falling rock, damaged buildings, and damaged gas lines are just a few results of secondary shocks. These conditions
reek havoc on earthquake corrupted areas, and in 1934, Bihar–Nepal witnessed this first hand. During a landslide, "...an observer reported
that his car sank to the axles". In 1946 off the coast of the Aleutians, the base of a lighthouse ended up 45 feet below sea level after a
tsunami wave over 100 feet crashed on shore (Watkins, Bottino, Morisawa 51, 53–54).
An earthquake is a natural occurrence; a phenomena just like rain. They have occurred for billions of years and descriptions as old as recorded
history shows their effects on people's lives. Long before scientific explanations mankind created folklore to explain them. We have come a long
way for spinning yarns around the campfire, but there is still no way to prevent earthquakes. All in all it doesn't hurt to learn as much as one can,
but just like taxes and pokemon earthquakes are something we have to live with.
EARTHQUAKE REFERENCE FILES Earthquake, shaking of the earth's surface caused by rapid movement of the earth's rocky outer layer.
Earthquakes occur when energy stored within the earth, usually in the form of strain in rocks, suddenly releases. This energy is transmitted to the
surface of the

Earthquake Preparedness Essay
| Earthquake Preparedness| Public Administration| | Lorena Hedges| 9/18/2012|
I will be discussing the needs of a budget and what supplies will be in the budget plan. Then you will read some about the shelter provided,
population of the community, and damages caused by earthquakes. There will be information about the policy and procedures to follow for an
earthquake and what challenges we have to face. The conclusion will be completed in the next phase.|
Earthquake Preparedness
Budget
There are three major consequences of an earthquake: injury to employees, customers and visitors; damage to property, the infrastructure of the
area, and lifelines; and disruption of business operations (Crook, 1999). This is...show more content...
Damages Caused by Earthquakes
Past Records of Earthquake Damages There are many different types of damages that can be caused by earthquakes. People lose their homes,
businesses are destroyed, and much more. Statistics shows the economic damage caused by earthquakes between 1900's and present here in
the United States are 41.04 billions of dollars (Economic Damage Caused By Earthquakes By County Up To 2012, 2012). Between the years
2006 to 2012 there was 7,340 earthquakes with a magnitude of 4.0 to 4.9 (Earthquakes Worldwide By Richter Scale Gradation Up To 2012,
2012). Many lives are taken from the effects of an earthquake.
Other Department Involvement Other organizations pull together and help with the disasters across the world. Here is a list of a few
organizations and the services they offer: American Red Cross| Fixed/mobile feeding stations, shelter, cleaning supplies, comfort kits, first aid,
blood, food, clothing, emergency transportation and much more.| Friends Disaster Service| Provides clean–up and rebuilding assistance to the
elderly, disabled, low income, or uninsured survivors of disasters.| Salvation Army| Mass and mobile feeding, temporary shelter, medical
assistance, and distribution of donated goods such as food, clothes, and household items.| Volunteers of America| Making vehicles available for
transporting victims and supplies to designate

Earthquake Reflection
Lecture Reflection 4
All forms of natural disaster bring devastating effects and strike with vicious force, demolishing everything around them. Additionally, natural
disaster is bound to happen, so why not prepare for the worst? In 2004, the coastal areas of south and southeast Asia were hit with a disastrous
tsunami. Areas of India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand did not have the ability to prepare when the tsunami swept away thousands of
civilians and wiped out a portion of their infrastructure. In my my opinion, if natural disaster strikes an area, I would recommend moving out of
that area right away and start considering a new place to live. Citizens who stay in the same area after natural disaster, have a high probability of
witnessing another. However, many people that have been hit by natural disaster commonly go back to live at the destroyed site because it's all
that they may have left. This is sad but realistic.
Furthermore, when natural disasters hit vulnerable urban areas, effects are catastrophic. Some significant factors that play a role in the safety of
residents in urban areas; rapid population growth with inadequate planning, ecological imbalance, population density, compacted infrastructure,
dependency on infrastructure, and inappropriate construction. Although, these places may be miles away from each other, there were many
similarities found in each of these cases. Firstly, all of the places hit by the tsunami witnessed a loss of coastal areas

Earthquake Literature Review
Review of Literature
Introduction to earthquakes Earthquakes are a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of
movements within the Earth's crust or volcanic action. Earthquakes is one of the dangerous and life threatening natural disaster which can come
anytime and anywhere on the earth. Earthquakes can cause tsunami, landslides, mudslides, bigger earthquakes, and aftershocks. These can all
cause significant damage property and buildings, death and injury to people and animals, floods, major disasters and emergency situations.
Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves
that make the...show more content...
IV.Earthquake Locations
California isn't the only state with a serious earthquake hazard. There are several lesser–known fault zones lurking in other parts of the country
that are just as dangerous, if not more dangerous, than the famed San Andreas Fault. Some of these faults are capable of producing quakes
bigger than the 1906 San Francisco quake, but because the time between major jolts is longer than in California, many people live near these
faults don't even know they are there. The most and largest active earthquake zone is the Pacific Rim of Fire, also known as Ring of Fire. This is
a roughly horse–shaped ring around the entire Pacific basin which is characterised by frequent seismic activity – especially around regions such as
California and Japan. V. Seismologist
Seismologists is a person who studies earthquakes. Some geologists specialize as geophysicists, who study the physical properties and process of
the Earth. This field includes seismology, or the of earthquakes. Seismologists study earthquakes so people can be aware of them and prepare.
Seismologists watch the seismograph and record the information.
VI.

Earthquake And Earthquakes Essay
4. EXPLAIN THE RISK AND NATURAL HAZARDS EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANIC ACTIVITIES. HOW CAN WE PLAN TO
CONTROL THESE RISKS?
Earthquakes and volcanoes have disastrous effects on humans and properties, it's also very harmful for the environment overall including wildlife.
Earthquakes cause a lot of damage due their shaking nature,they can further lead to tsunamis and most common hazard related to earthquakes is
landsliding. The earthquake intensity is what measures the effects it has on land surface, and this depends on the rock types and actual ground
displacements, it's measured by the Mercalli scale and bases on human reports of damage experienced. It's interesting that earthquakes of the same
magnitude can cause different amounts of damage...show more content...
Plate tectonic activity is related to many other things like, volcanoes and earthquakes. These natural hazards can be found in linear belts around
the globe. There are seven large plates and many small ones, the main types of plates include the divergent plate boundary (pulls away),
convergent plate boundary (move towards each other) and transform plate boundary (slide past). Ocean–continent boundaries create earthquakes
up 700 km deep and forms seafloor trenches, it leads to andesitic volcanoes in mountain ranges. Yellowstone is a 'hot spot' this is where heating
and igneous activity occurs within crust. Although, not all plates move at the same rate, they are relative to each other. Continent– continent
boundaries with divergent can form rift valleys, earthquakes less than 100 km deep, and basaltic/rhyolitic volcanoes. At Convergent they have
young mountain range, 300 km deep earthquakes, and no volcanoes. At transform, they have a fault zone, less than 100 km deep earthquakes and
again no volcanoes. With ocean–ocean boundaries there is oceanic ridges with rift valley, less than 100 km earthquakes, and basaltic pillow lavas
at divergent. On convergent there are seafloor trenches, 700 km earthquakes and andesitic volcanoes in island arc. With transform you have
ridges and valleys in oceanic crust, less than 100 km earthquakes, and some basalt. Plates are driven by the convection in the mantle and movement
of the lithosphere.
6. WHAT ARE HURRICANES? EXPLAIN THE

Reflection Paper On Earthquake
On January 12/2010, everyone wakes up doing their daily rooting as every other day but no one would of thought of what mother nature got on
her fits for them exactly. January 12/2010 at 4:53 was the time and date when the unforgettable earthquake happened. It was a total chaos for the
little island of Haiti when it was hit with a magnitude of 7.0 earthquake. Around that time, I was 12 years old living in Port–au–Prince in Haiti
which is the capital. On that day people were like children that were learning how to walk and didn't have the balance to support their body
weight, at that time; nobody could see clearly even if they had a 20/20 vision because there was so much dust around from the houses that were
already collapsed. people were smacking into each other as if they were children playing in front of a mirror with their reflection, at that moment,
everyone though there would be no more Haiti.
As some of you may heard that Haiti is a tropical island, but on January 12, 2010, I didn't smell any fresh air or fresh water running, instead I
smelled fresh blood running because many people had died because of bricks falling on them and some even lost a leg or an arm, and there
were some that unfortunate and lose both hands and legs. On that day, anybody could have died because nature didn't know who's an adult or
child rich or poor. On that day, everyone including little kids was like a song composer, and it was like everyone bring was united as one and how
all of them were

Research Paper On Earthquake
Natural Disasters Research Project Earthquake: San Francisco, California
Earthquake An earthquake is caused by a sudden slip on a fault. We know that tectonic plates move slowly towards, away from or past each other.
Continents are parts of these plates which means they move too after time. An earthquake occurs when the rocks break and move as a result
stresses caused by plate tectonics. but sometimes they get stuck at their edges due to friction. When the edges overcome Earthquakes are the
most deadly of all natural disasters. When an earthquake strikes, it can make a difference between life and death. If you survive an earthquake
it's something you'll never forget. Most of the time it's not the quake that kills people but the building and the things inside it that fall down. It
can destroy pipelines, gas lines that can cause fire and zero electricity. Usually there are aftershocks for weeks or months. For example, the
earthquake that happened in San Francisco, California on October 17,1989. It was a really destructive earthquake that killed people and billions
of dollars in damages.
Description of The Event The earthquake that happened in San Francisco, California in 1989 was an earthquake that was triggered by a slip
along the San Andreas fault. "The focus was in the Forest of Nisene Marks State Park, near Loma Prieta peak in the Santa Cruz mountains.
Northeast of Santa Cruz and approximately 60 miles south of San Francisco. Seismicity

Expository Essay On Earthquake
Write an informative process analysis about another dramatic act of nature; for example, an earthquake, tornado, tsunami, or hurricane.
Maninderdeep Singh Grant MacEwan university
23 – OCT – 2017
Author Note
This paper was prepared for English 111, taught by Professor Valentyna Kennedy
Abstract
There are a lot of disasters, but earthquake is the worst out of all. In this Research we can find out how an earthquake happens, the main reasons
of why it happens and measures how a person can get out of such a situation. Earthquakes are the shock waves which happen for approximately
half a minute. Taking references from books and journals it can be seen what a person should do during an earthquake and how this natural
calamity can be measured and steps that government takes to find out where will this disaster show its power the next time.
Expository essay on earthquake
Earthquake is a Trembling or shaking alteration of earth's surface. It is a sudden brutal shaking of the earth's surface occurring naturally and cause
great massacre with its strong movements in the earth's crust or action of volcano. It is naturally occurring disturbance which can be characterize
as an abnormal violent and involuntary contraction or series of contractions of the ground.it originate anytime inside the earth's crust and push a
bulk of rock to slip rapidly. A huge amount of energy gets released and travel through rocks and waves, which cause tremors and trembling of

Earthquakes Essay examples
What is an Earthquake?
An Earthquake is the shaking of the earth's surface caused by rapid movement of the earth's rocky outer layer. The sudden shaking of the ground
that occurs when masses of rock change position below the Earth's surface is called an earthquake. The shifting masses send out shock waves that
may be powerful enough to alter the surface of the Earth, thrusting up cliffs and opening great cracks in the ground.
Earthquakes, called temblors by scientists, occur almost continuously. Fortunately, most of them can be detected only by sensitive instruments
called seismographs. Others are felt as small tremors. Some of the rest, however, cause major catastrophes. They...show more content...
Although it is certain that violent Earth tremors in themselves are destructive, there are often other kinds of Earth movements that are triggered
by earthquake shock waves. Thus, the violent shaking that accompanies many earthquakes often causes rockslides, snow avalanches, and
landslides. In some areas these events are frequently more devastating than the Earth tremor itself.
Floods and fires are also caused by earthquakes. Floods arise from tsunamis along coast lines, from large–scale seiches in enclosed bodies of water
such as lakes and canals, and from the failure of dams. Fire produced the greatest property loss following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake,
when 521 blocks in the city center burned uncontrollably for three days. Fire also followed the 1923 Tokyo earthquake, causing much damage and
hardship for the citizens.
Causes
Most of the worst earthquakes are associated with changes in the shape of the Earth's outermost shell, particularly the crust. These so called
tectonic earthquakes are generated by the rapid release of strain energy that is stored within the rocks of the crust, which on continents is about 22
miles thick. A small proportion of earthquakes are associated with human activity. Dynamite or atomic explosions, for example, can sometimes
cause mild quakes. The injection of liquid wastes deep into the Earth and the pressures

Informative Speech On Earthquakes
Outline worksheet
Topic: To prepare the earthquakes
Organization pattern: Topical
Specific purpose: The purpose of this speech is to persuade my audience to understand why it is so important to learn the knowledge of preparing
the earthquakes.
Primary audience outcome: I want my audience to pay more attention to prepare the earthquake knowledge and rescue methods through I
presenting facts of the earthquakes. Thesis statement: In the speech, I will continue to improve the earthquake's knowledge of my audience by
analyzing cases; introduce the significant idea of earthquake prediction; deeply develop rescue methods.
Introduction
Attention getter: I will start to ask a question " how many people read natural disaster news in the newspaper after I give the informative speech
in a couple weeks ago? "
Purpose: Everyone will think that we are living in a peaceful state now and ignore to pay attention to the natural disaster information. On the
contrary, this thought in your mind will reduce your sense of crisis. Believe or not, increase a sense of crisis of the earthquake and learn more
earthquake information can decrease the damage when the earthquakes occur in our life
.
State thesis&main points: So, in the speech, I am going to introduce how the earthquakes cause the damage to human; tell about the earthquakes
prediction and why we need to have a rescue plan.
Body

в… Main point: In the last informative speech, I have introduced that the earthquakes are what happens when

Dbq Essay About Earthquake
What would you do in a situation of a natural disaster with no resources, alone with no hope? A lot of people are scared from all of this
commotions, fearing of no hope, losing lives even loved ones. There was a deadly magnitude earthquake of 7.2 that struck the central philippines
on a national holiday. An estimated 43,000 people experienced severe shaking. Anotherearth quake hit with a magnitude of 6 in the fault of 1990
caused $154 in damage.The temblor is the strongest too come in 23 years. (Background essay)
People have had many disasters happen to homes and people are getting affected by all of the commotion.Interior secretary Mar Rotas in a
statement said he had ordered the national police to check on reports that some local officials had been "hoarding" relief goods and distributed
the selectivity supporters. People have there own stuff and they don't want too let it go of there stuff so they will need help. Since the earthquake,
the Philippine red cross, with the supports of international federation of red cross and red crescent societies or IFRC has provided at least 10,000
families with essential household items including blankets, water containers, personal hygiene items, mosquito nets and tarpaulins.(Documents
C,A)...show more content...
On October 15th an earthquake killed nearly 90 people. In the Philippines killed nearly 200 and displacing tens of thousands of dollars. The
quake wrecked about more than 45,000 homes. These earthquakes have affected many people, damaging homes and even lives and causes
millions of dollars for repairs. The quake, the strongest to hit the disaster–prone country in recent years, struck Bohol on October 15th. Felt across
several neighbouring provinces, more than 2,500 aftershock have rippled through the region since.(Documents

The Valdivia Earthquake
Earthquakes, also referred to as temblors, are one of the world's most powerful occurrences. The Earth has four layers: the crust, mantle, inner and
outer core. Earthquakes occur in the crust and upper mantle (Refer to Figure 1). The mantle is made up of semi–molten rock called magma. The
upper mantle rock is hard. The crust is the outer layer of the earth. Together, the crust and upper mantle make up thelithosphere. The lithosphere is
20–50 km thick and is cracked. The asthenosphere sits below the lithosphere. The lithosphere consists of tectonic plates (lithospheric plates).
Tectonic plates is the theory that the Earth's outer shell is divided by slabs of solid rock. When these two tectonic plates make frictional contact
the outcome may be deadly.
Sometimes there can be smaller shocks that occur, one's before called the foreshock, and one's after called the aftershock and the main earthquake
called the main shock.
The richter scale, developed...show more content...
Megathrust earthquakes are the most powerful earthquakes in the world and can produce tsunamis through a variety of structures. The Valdivia
earthquake, in theory, is a convergent the earthquake was caused by the Nazca plate releasing tension and descending underneath the South
American Plate.The Great Alaska earthquake also appears to be a convergent boundary earthquake as the Pacific Plate lurched underneath the
North American Plate causing the earthquake.
Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through the Earth's layers as a result of earthquakes. During an earthquake, the waves released may
be "P" or "S" depending on the way and speed of the wave (Refer to Figure 3 and 4). P–waves, or primary waves are longitudinal waves. Their
vibrations are along the same direction as the direction of travel. P–waves are faster than S–waves. S–waves, or secondary waves are transverse
waves. They travel at right angles to the direction of

Essay About Earthquakes

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Essay About Earthquakes