1. Guru Govind singh college of
pharmacy yamunanagar
Presented by
Navneet singh and Ajbuddin
2. Powder
A drug composed of a solid dry substance in the form of finely divided
particles used for external and internal use in the form of dosage
3. Advantage of powder
1. The ingredients are available in a wide range, and the dose can be easily
established for the patient
2. When compared to liquid dose form, powders are more physically and
chemically stable.
3. When the dose is quite large, this method of drug delivery is the easiest.
4. The stability of powders is higher than that of liquids
5. A Powder is easier to swallow and can be easily dissolved in water or another
liquid.
4. Disadvantages of powder
1. Powders as a dosage form may spill and are difficult to transfer from a
container.
2. Drugs that have a disagreeable/ unpleasant taste should not be used orally or
in powder form.
3. Hygroscopic, acidic pH, deliquescent, volatile and oxygen-sensitive
substances used in powder are not suitable to be administered in powder
dosage form.
4. Time consuming procedure to prepare and its packaging
5. Powders are heavy and challenging to transport.
5. Classification of powders
The powder are classified as-
1. Bulk powder (external and internal use)
2. Simple and compound powder ( internal use)
3. Powder enclosed in catchets
4. Compressed powder (tablets)
6. 1. Bulk powder (internal and external use)
The bulk powder is a finely powdered substance that consists of medicinal drugs
and can be used for internal and external uses
Internal use –the non potent substances which are supplied in bulk are
antacids and laxatives etc.They are supplied in wide-mouthed
container
Bulk powder meant for external use are non potent substance.
1. Dusting powder
2. Insufflations
3. Snuffs
4. dentifrices
7. 1. Dusting powder
Dusting powder is a powder used as a desiccant.The
pharmaceutical use of talc as a dusting powder depends on
its desiccant properties. Dusting powder is a powder used
as a desiccant .the dusting powder are mainly used for
their antiseptic, astringent, absorbent,and antipruritic
action.
8. Dusting powder have two types
(a) Medical –medical dusting powder are used mainly for superficial skin
condition.these must be free form pathogenic microorganisms
(b) Surgical-Surgical dusting powder are used in body cavities,these
powder must be sterilized before their use
9. 2. Insufflations
Insufflations are medicated dusting powders meant for introduction into the body cavities such as nose.
Throat, earsand vagina etc. with the help of an apparatus known as insufflators (powder blower).
Apparatus
Insufflator
I
10. 3. Snuffs
These are finely divided solid dosage forms of medicament which are inhaled
into nostrils for its antiseptic, Bronchodilator , and decongestion action .
I.e
4. Dentifrices
These are applied with the help of truth brush for cleaning the surface of the
teeth.
11. 2. Simple and compound
(A) Simple compound –There are generally only one ingredients in a powder,
either crystallized or amorphous
I.e
Aspirin 300mg
(B) Compound powder- A compound powder has two or more than two
ingredient which are mixed together
I.E –dispense at powder of A.P.C
Aspirin 300mg
Paracetamol 150mg
Caffeine 50mg
12. 3. Powder enclosed in catchets
Cachets consist of a dry powder enclosed in a shell, usually prepared from a
mixture of rice flour and water by molding into a suitable shape and drying
Catchets are the solid unit dosage form of drugs
Catchets are used to enclose nauseous or disagreeable powders and are
available in different size to hold drugs from 0.2 to 1.2gm of powder.
13. 4. Compressed powder( tablets)
These are powders mouled into tablets. Mounded tablets are flat, circular disc
and usually contains a potent substance which is mixed with lactose, dextrose
or some other suitable diluent.
14. Mixing of powder
The powder may be mixed 5 of the following methods
1. Spatulation
2. Triturations
3. Geometric dilution
4. Sifting
5. Tumbling
1. Spatulations
In this method mixing of powder is done by the help of spatula. Throughout
the powders on a shit of paper or on a porcelain tile.
This method is very useful in mixing small amount of powder
The method is not suitable large quantities of powders.
15. 2. Trituration
It is used both to reduce particle size and mix powders
Particles size reduction is desired along With mixing of powders ,porcelain
mortar with a rough inner surface is preferred to a glass mortar with a smooth
working surface
A Glass mortar cleans more readily after use
16. 3. Geometric dilution
The method is use when potent substances are to mixed with a large amount of
diluent.
The potent drug is placed upon an approximately equal volume of the diluent in
a mortar and this substances are slightly mixed by Trituration.
I.e 100 MG potent drug is required to be mixed with 900 MG of lactose
-according to geometric dilution,
100mg of a potent drug +100 MG of lactose=200mg of mixture
200mg of the mixture +200mg of lactose=400mg of mixture
400mg of the mixture +400mg of lactose=800mg of mixture
800mg of the mixture +remaining portion of lactose =1000mg of mixture
17. 4.Sifting
The powder are mixed by passing through sifters.
This process result in a light fllufy product and is generally not acceptable for
incorporation of potent drugs into a diluent base.
5. Tumbling
Tumbling is the process of mixing powder in a large container rotated by an electric
motor
This blenders are widely employed in industry as large volume powder mixtures.
