2. Play therapy
In the process of growing up, children’s
problems are often compounded by the
inability of adults in their lives to understand
or to respond effectively to what children are
feeling and attempting to communicate.
This “communication gap” is widened as a
result of adults’ insistence that children adopt
that means of expression commonly used by
adults.
3. Play therapy
It is a medium for expressing feelings, exploring
relationships, describing experiences, disclosing
wishes, and self-fulfillment.
In play therapy, toys are viewed as the child’s
words and play as the child’s language-a-
language of activity.
In play therapy, the symbolic function of play is
what is so important, providing children with a
means of expressing their inner world.
4. Play therapy
The use of toys enables children to transfer
anxieties, fears, fantasies and guilt to objects
rather than people.
Play enables children to distance themselves
from traumatic events and experiences.
Children move toward an inner resolution and
then they are better able to cope with or
adjust to problems.
5. Play therapy
In a relationship characterized by understanding and
acceptance, the play process also allows children to
consider new possibilities not possible in reality, thus
greatly expanding the expression of self.
Through this process, the unfamiliar becomes familiar
and children express outwardly through play what has
taken place inwardly.
A major function of play therapy is the changing of what
may be unmanageable in reality to manageable
situations through symbolic representation, which
provides children opportunities for learning to cope
7. The Process of Play
Therapy
Children will play out their feelings and needs in a
manner or process of expression that is similar to that
for adults.
The play therapy process can be viewed as a
relationship between the therapist and the child in
which utilizes play to explore his or her personal world
and also to make contact with the therapist in a way
that is safe for the child.
This process allows the therapist to experience, in a
personal and interactive way, the inner dimensions of
the child’s world.
This therapeutic relationship is what provides dynamic
growth and healing for the child.
8. Toys and Materials
A fully equipped playroom is not essential for children
to express themselves.
Therefore, toys should be selected, not collected.
Careful attention should be given to selecting play
materials that aid in the following:
Exploration of real life experiences
Expression of a wide range of feelings
Testing of limits
Expressive and exploration play
Exploration and expression without verbalization
Success without prescribed structure
10. Setting Limits in Play Therapy
Although the procedures for setting limits may
vary, the setting of therapeutic limits is part of all
theoretical approaches to play therapy.
The structure of therapeutic limits is what helps to
make the experience a real-life relationship.
The therapeutic relationship facilitate the child’s
opportunities to learn self-responsibility and self-
control among many other dimensions and
provide the child and the therapist with a feeling of
emotional security and physical safety.
11. Reality Therapy
Reality therapy focuses on what clients can
control in a relationship, rather than finding
faults or talking about what they can not control.
It is crucial for client to understand they can
control their own actions and behavior, and they
can control of them.
Reality therapists strive to be themselves in
order to build relationship with client and teach
them how to relate to others.
12.
13. Therapeutic Process
Basic goal is to help clients learn better ways to
fulfill all of their basic needs and connect with the
people they have chosen to put into their quality
world.
Often clients have not positive relationship in past
with adults (e.g, parents, teachers, school
counselor, etc).
Therapist’s role is not to judge or evaluate client but
act as an advocate to help and support, as a
teacher or mentor to client and to encourage them
that there is hope.
14. Therapeutic Process
Reality therapy is a didactic process
Client is required to make commitments
Clients are taught choice theory
Clients are helped and get connected or
reconnected with people they have chosen to put in
their quality world.
Therapist assists client in dealing with the present
The focus is on client strength.
Planning and commitment are essential part of
therapeutic process.
15. Methods of Reality Therapy
Behavioral orientation
Contract method
Role-playing
Confrontation of client
